A Corpus-based Contrastive Study of Conceptual Metaphor-A Case Study of English and Chinese Financial Reporting

Up to now there have been no contrastive studies of conceptual metaphor in English and Chinese economic field. In this paper, a corpus-based approach is adopted in comparing the conceptual metaphors in Chinese financial reporting (CFR) with those in English financial reporting (EFR). To make a contrastive study, this paper categorizes the conceptual metaphors identified in two corpora into two parts: same conceptual metaphors and different conceptual metaphors, and for the analysis of each conceptual metaphor, linguistic entity, frequency and percentage are taken as the three standards for comparison, which is analyzed with Concapp.

Experimental Phonetics Contrastive Study on [d?][t?][?]——Spoken by American Native Speakers and Yantai English Learners

The negative transfer of native language influences the English acquisition process of the college students from Yantai in a great degree,both in the segmental and suprasegmental level,while the consonants in the segmental level are influenced most.The paper makes an experimental phonetic contrastive study on [d?],[t?],[?] in the aspect of frication between native English speakers from America and English learners from Yantai basing on processing a large number of English word corpora by using PRAAT.It is found that the degree of frication of [d?],[t?],[?] in American English is strong,while Yantai weak.

A Corpus-based Contrastive Study on the Acquisition of Synonyms of Chinese EFL Learners

This paper investigates Chinese EFL learners＇ acquisition of completely, totally and absolutely through a contrastive analysis of their collocation, colligation, semantic preference and semantic prosody based on the Ten-thousand English Compositions of Chinese Learners （TECCL Corpus） and Corpus of Contemporary American English （COCA）. The results show that adjective and verb are two major words frequently co-occurring with the group of synonyms, but only a few of them meet the default collocation criterion （frequency〉3, MI〉3）, and many co-occurring words used by Chinese learners don＇t appear in COCA. Besides, the co-occurring adjectives and verbs in TECCL are so diverse that they don＇t establish fixed semantic relations as in COCA, therefore, there is a big difference in semantic preference and semantic prosody between Chinese learners and native speakers. With the advance of English proficiency, more collocates are used by college learners than middle school learners, but there is no clear and significant improvement in semantic preference and semantic prosody.

A Contrastive Study on Mark Phenomena of English and Chinese Languages

Linguistic marker is a common phenomenon, and there are different levels of markers in various languages. Mark theory was first proposed by the Prague School in 1930s, which is an important principle of language analysis system. The function and meaning of markup languages are mainly pragmatic, which have procedural meaning and no conceptual meaning. Markedness phenomenon is not only the inherent characteristics of language symbols, but also the product of social life and different cultures. Due to the great difference between cultural background and social environment of Chinese and English speaker, thus there are many similarities and differences in the language, society and culture mark. The mark phenomena of English nouns are mainly related to the category of nouns and the opposite nouns. However, Chinese nouns have no strict morphological changes. In this paper, we discuss the theory of mark phenomenon and analyze a contrastive study on mark phenomena of English and Chinese Languages.

A Contrastive Study on the C-E Translation of the Verb of Perception zhijian from the Perspective of Subjective Consciousness and Objective Consciousness

Verbs of perception include sight,hearing,smell,taste and touch,of which zhijian belongs to sight is very common in literary works,and its semantic meaning also begins to change with the development of time.Based on the original text and two translated versions of the Water Margin,this paper makes a comparative analysis of the translation strategies of zhijian on the basis that Chinese emphasizes subjective consciousness and the mixed consciousness of subjectivity and objectivity,while English stresses objective consciousness with a clear boundary between subjectivity and objectivity.According to previous studies,this paper regroups the appearance of zhijian and divides it into two categories,namely zhijian at the beginning of a sentence and at the beginning of a minor sentence.On the basis of the context and the changing function of zhijian,that is,the function of being a verb and being a discourse marker,it can be concluded that as the meaning of a verb,the real action,the meaning of zhijian is expressed by“seeing”,so translators usually adopt literal translation;while as a discourse marker,it is no longer the main component of sentence structure,but to highlight the following information,translators will adopt deletion,conversion and retaining.It can be seen that translators often need to convert Chinese characterized by subjective consciousness into English dominated by objective consciousness,thus conforming to various meaning of zhijian.

Contrastive Study of Differences between Chinese and American Higher Education Teaching Modes

This paper,based on the classroom teaching in University of Bridgeport and Anhui Polytechnic University,explores some differences in education notions,course design,teacher-student relationship,teaching methods,assessment and evaluation system between Chinese and American higher education.And some reflections and suggestions on Chinese higher education are given to promote Chinese higher education effect.

Contrast and study on grammar teaching

The author adopts the research methods of presentations → contrasts → analyses by perceiving the drawbacks of traditional Chinese grammar teaching based on her overseas study experience as well as the understanding and study on the overseas related teaching methods, tries to use some new concepts and practice of foreign countries for reference, and works out the way to improve the traditional Chinese teaching methods.

Comparative Study on Physical Fitness Test Models of Chinese, Japanese and American Students

The physical health of adolescents is related to the future of the nation and the competitiveness of the country.Through a comparative analysis of the backgrounds,organizations,testing programs and evolution processes of physical health tests in China,Japan and the United States,the three countries are explored.The development trends and problems of student physical fitness tests,find the differences,learn about the research results and experiences of physical fitness tests in Japan and the United States,draw on Japanese and American management models and successful cases,and propose some methods to optimize and improve China's physical fitness test models.It is recommended to make full use of the existing resources to promote the improvement of students'physical fitness.

A contrast study on different gasifying agents of underground coal gasification at Huating Coal Mine

To optimize the technological parameter of underground coal gasification （UCG）, the experimental results of air gasification, air-steam gasification, oxygen-enrichment steam gasification, pure oxygen steam gasification and two-stage gasification were studied contrastively based on field trial at the Huating UCG project. The results indicate that the average low heat value of gas from air experiment is the lowest （4.1 MJ/Nm3） and the water gas from two-stage gasification experiment is the highest （10.72 MJ/Nm3）. The gas productivity of air gasification is the highest and the pure oxygen steam gasification is the lowest. The gasification efficiency of air gasification, air-steam gasification, oxygen-enriched steam gasification, pure oxygen steam gasification and two-stage gasification is listed in ascending order, ranging from 69.88% to 84.81%. Described a contract study on results of a field test using steam and various levels of oxygen enrichment of 21%, 32%, 42% and 100%. The results show that, with the increasing of O2 content in gasifying agents, the gas caloricity rises, and the optimal O2 concentration range to increase the gas caloricity is 30%-40%. Meanwhile, the consumption of O2 and steam increase, and the air consumption and steam decomposition efficiency fall.

(Review)Corpus Linguistics for Translation and Contrastive Studies:A Guide for Research

In the article,Corpus Linguistics for Translation and Contrastive Studies:A Guide for Research is reviewed.Overall,the book can act as a handy guide to the field of corpus-based contrastive and translation studies for researchers,particularly beginning ones.It informs readers of parallel corpus building and using such a corpus for various research purposes with different software,etc.However,the book can be improved,apart from some minor errors,by covering studies on parallel corpora involving language pairs other than European ones,those on interpretation corpora,and so on.

The Contrast Study of Precursor Anomalies before the M_S 8. 0 Wenchuan Earthquake

The contrast research results show that the number of items and stations with imminent, short and medium term precursor anomalies for the Wenchuan M_S 8. 0 earthquake is less than that of the Menglian earthquake. The number of anomalies and stations associated with the Wenchuan earthquake increased in the early stage of the short-term range,as opposed to the later period for the Menglian and Lijiang earthquakes. Most of the medium term anomalies occurred two to three years before the Wenchuan earthquake,when the number of anomaly stations and items was eleven,and a great change appeared in the observation values in about half of the stations ( items ) . However,for the Menglian earthquake,medium term anomalies happened one to two years before the earthquake, the number of abnormal stations and items reached 20,and a sharp change appeared in the observation values six months to one year before the earthquake in about 30 percent of the stations or items. In the epicenter and the nearby area,the macroscopic abnormalities started 3 years before the Wenchuan earthquake and lasted intermittently until 1 month before the earthquake. Within 2 percent of the total area of the province,the macroscopic abnormalities accounted for 30 to 50 percent of the total number of anomalies of the Province. For the Xingtai,Tangshan,Haicheng,Songpan earthquakes,the macroscopic anomalies started two to three months before,or on the very day of the earthquakes. The common feature of the precursors between the Wenchuan and other strong earthquakes is the appearance of tremendous changes in a certain number of observation values of anomalies in the mid and short terms before all these earthquakes.

Study on Treatment of 313 Patients with Mid-Late Primary Hepatocarcinoma by Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

To evaluate objectively the clinical effect and superiority of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine (TCM-WM) in treating mid-late hepatocarcinoma.Methods: The 313 patients observed were divided randomly into 3 groups, Group Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ, they were treated with protocol TACE, protocol PEI and comprehensive conservative therapy respectively. Each group was sub-divided into 2 sub-groups, sub-group A and B, and sub-group As was treated coordinately with different Chinese herbal medicine, Sisheng Decoction to sub-group ⅠA and ⅡA, and cinobufacin or norcantharidin to ⅢA respectively. And Chinese herbal medicine prescribed according to TCM Syndrome Differentiation was also given to all the sub-group As.Results: The integrated therapy showed significant effect in treating mid-late hepatocarcinoma, as it could improve significantly the clinical symptoms and signs, raise the quality of life and prolong the survival time in patients. When TCM-WM cooperated with TACE, it could alleviate the toxic effect and enhance the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy. There was statistical significant difference in clinical effect between the TCM-WM treated groups and the western medicine treated groups (P<0.05).Conclusion: TCM-WM therapy displays not only the action in enhancing the short-term therapeutic effect of treatment in treating mid-late hepatocarcinoma but also shows significant effect in enhancing long-term therapeutic effect and prolonging survival time in patients. It is worth further spreading.

Problem-Solution in English vs. Qi-cheng-zhuan-he in Chinese:Are They Compatible Discourse Patterns?

本文旨在探讨两个方面的问题:一、验证英语最小语篇模式"问题-解决"是否适用于汉语语篇的分析,尤其是否可以用来解释以典型的汉语修辞模式"起-承-转-合"为语篇建构格局的篇章。二、对比研究上述两种英汉基本语篇模式的语步,揭示它们的相似性与差异。通过抽样文本分析发现,英语的"问题-解决"语篇模式同样适用于汉语语篇的分析,但"问题"语步时有不出现的情况,语篇结构呈因-果型;而在英语语篇中,"问题"是不可或缺的语步,语篇的组建与信息的组合呈对立型。尽管英汉基本语篇模式存在某种差异,但作者认为,"问题-解决"与"起-承-转-合"可以被看作是同一语篇模式的两个变体。中国传统修辞模式并不是造成中国学生使用"螺旋式"或"间接法"构思谋篇的全部动因,而社会和教育等因素可能是值得我们探索的重要领域。