Regional unconformities and their controls on hydrocarbon accumulation in Sichuan Basin, sW China

Based on outcrop,seismic and drilling data,the main regional unconformities in the Sichuan Basin and their controls on hydrocarbon accumulation were systematically studied.Three findings are obtained.First,six regional stratigraphic unconformities are mainly developed in the Sichuan Basin,from the bottom up which are between pre-Sinian and Sinian,between Sinian and Cambrian,between pre-Permian and Permian,between middle and upper Permian,between middle and upper Triassic,and between Triassic and Jurassic.Especially,16 of 21l conventional(and tight)gas fields discovered are believed to have formed in relation to regional unconformities.Second,regional unconformity mainly controls hydrocarbon accumulation from five aspects:(1)The porosity and permeability of reservoirs under the unconformity are improved through weathering crust karstification to form large-scale karst reservoirs;(2)Good source-reservoir-caprock assemblage can form near the unconformity,which provides a basis for forming large gas field;(3)Regional unconformity may lead to stratigraphic pinch-out and rugged ancient landform,giving rise to a large area of stratigraphic and lithologic trap groups;(4)Regional unconformity provides a dominant channel for lateral migration of oil and gas;and(5)Regional unconformity is conducive to large-scale accumulation of oil and gas.Third,the areas related to regional unconformities are the exploration focus of large gas fields in the Sichuan Basin.The pre-Sinian is found with source rocks,reservoir rocks and other favorable conditions for the formation of large gas fields,and presents a large exploration potential.Thus,it is expected to be an important strategic replacement.

Control of facies/potential on hydrocarbon accumulation:a geological model for lacustrine rift basins

The formation and distribution of hydrocarbon accumulations are jointly controlled by ＂stratigraphic facies＂ and ＂fluid potential＂, which can be abbreviated in ＂control of facies/potential on hydrocarbon accumulation＂. Facies and potential control the time-space distribution of hydrocarbon accumulation macroscopically and the petroliferous characteristics of hydrocarbon accumulation microscopically. Tectonic facies and sedimentary facies control the time-space distribution. Lithofacies and petrophysical facies control the petroliferous characteristics. Favorable facies and high porosity and permeability control hydrocarbon accumulation in the lacustrine rift basins in China. Fluid potential is represented by the work required, which comprises the work against gravity, pressure, interfacial energy and kinetic energy. Hydrocarbon migration and accumulation are controlled by the joint action of multiple driving forces, and are characterized by accumulation in the area of low potential. At the structural high, low geopotential energy caused by buoyancy control anticlinal reservoir. The formation oflithological oil pool is controlled by low interfacial energy caused by capillary force. Low compressive energy caused by overpressure and faulting activity control the formation of the faulted- block reservoir. Low geopotential energy of the basin margin caused by buoyancy control stratigraphic reservoir. The statistics of a large number of oil reservoirs show that favorable facies and low potential control hydrocarbon accumulation in the rift basin, where over 85% of the discovered hydrocarbon accumulations are distributed in the trap with favorable facies and low potentials. The case study showed that the prediction of favorable areas by application of the near source-favorable facies-low potential accumulation model correlated well with over 90% of the discovered oil pools＇ distribution of the middle section of the third member of the Shahejie Formation in the Dongying Depression, Bohai Bay Basin.

Hydrocarbon accumulation principles in troughs within faulted depressions and their significance in exploration

Previously,troughs in continental faulted depressions were usually considered as a zone of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion rather than a zone for hydrocarbon accumulation.If they were confirmed to be the source kitchen,the possibility that they could constitute potential plays would be overlooked in the subsequent exploration program.Based on the hydrocarbon exploration practice of the Jizhong Depression and the Erlian Basin in the past several years,this paper discusses a new understanding that reservoir distribution is controlled by multiple factors and lithological accumulations are more likely to form in trough areas.It further documents the three main factors controlling the formation of large lithological hydrocarbon accumulations in trough areas.The paper also discusses the new concept that structural and lithological accumulations not only co-exist but also complement each other.We propose that fan-delta fronts on inverted steep slopes in troughs,delta fronts and sublacustrine fans on gentle slopes,channel sands along toes of fault scarps are favorable locations for discovery of new oil accumulations.The application of this concept has led to the discovery of several hundreds of million tonnes of oil in place in trough areas in the Jizhong Depression and the Erlian Basin.

Main Controlling Factors and Accumulation Model of Chang 9 Reservoir in Northwest Ordos Basin, China

In northwestern Ordos Basin, the Triassic reservoir Chang 9 has favorable reservoir forming conditions, extensive reservoir development, and huge potential for oil exploration and exploitation. Studying the main controlling factors and accumulation model of Chang 9 reservoir in this area can provide a basis for the production targets, and assist in formulating reasonable development technology policy. In this paper, to explore and summarize the hydrocarbon accumulation model, the Chang 9 reservoir were analyzed from the aspects of oil source, fracture, oil migration, structure, lithology and reservoir physical properties for the main controlling factors in this area. Organic geochemical and geological comprehensive analysis that the oil-source of the Chang 9 reservoir in the northwest of Ordos Basin is derived from Chang 7 hydrocarbon source rocks. The fractures provide a sound channel for the "vertical multi-point filling" of the oil source from Chang 7 to Chang 9. The crude oil migrates vertically from Chang 7 to Chang 9, then expands horizontally to form a reservoir. Structures play an important role in controlling the distribution of reservoirs, the control by sand in small layer and physical property is also obvious. This paper creatively establishes the reservoir accumulation model of Chang 9 in northwest of Ordos Basin, which is characterized by Vertical multi-point filling, horizontal expansion becomes oil pool. It reveals the genetic mechanism of the development of Chang 9 multi-reservoir in the study area, which provides guidance for exploration and evaluation deployment.

塔里木盆地麦盖提斜坡罗探1井奥陶系断控岩溶新类型油气藏勘探突破及意义

塔里木盆地麦盖提斜坡罗探1井在奥陶系碳酸盐岩获得勘探新突破,是麦盖提斜坡奥陶系断控岩溶新类型油气藏的首次勘探突破,标志着斜坡区发现一个重要的战略接替领域。结合区域钻井、测井、地震等资料,开展罗探1等井分析化验资料的综合分析,对麦盖提斜坡奥陶系碳酸盐岩的成藏条件进行再认识。麦盖提斜坡奥陶系碳酸盐岩断控岩溶储层的形成主要与走滑断裂活动相关,是麦盖提斜坡三类主要成储模式之一;麦盖提斜坡目前已发现油气均来自寒武系玉尔吐斯组烃源岩,基底古构造控制了下寒武统的沉积和烃源岩的分布;斜坡区存在加里东期、海西期—印支期和喜马拉雅期3期油气充注成藏过程,烃源岩、古构造演化及通源断裂控制油气复式聚集成藏,断裂活动期次、断穿层系决定了油气富集层系与油气藏性质。麦盖提斜坡奥陶系走滑断裂十分发育,延伸距离累计可达1000km以上,控制了断控岩溶储层和油气藏的分布,平面上具有明显的分区特征,资源规模大、可部署性强,展示出巨大的勘探潜力,是塔西南地区规模油气勘探发现和战略接替的重要现实领域。

玛湖凹陷及周缘白碱滩组勘探突破与新认识

为明确玛湖凹陷白碱滩组砂体分布规律和油气成藏模式,评价其油气勘探前景,综合钻井、测井、地震、分析化验等资料,系统梳理白碱滩组二段沉积规律和成藏特征。白碱滩组二段为辫状河三角洲—滩坝—浊积扇沉积序列,发育水下分流河道砂、滩坝砂和浊积砂3种不同类型的砂体,辫状河三角洲前缘亚相以河道砂为主,滨—浅湖发育滩坝砂,半深湖—深湖受坡折带控制发育多个浊积扇体,浊积砂呈朵叶状分布,建立了水下分流河道—滩坝—浊积扇的沉积控砂模式。研究区发育9大走滑断裂体系,其中,走滑断裂直通型、走滑断裂伴生型和走滑断裂接力型3种断裂组合能够有效沟通二叠系风城组烃源岩,作为油气垂向高效运移通道,白碱滩组二段整体具有走滑断裂通源、断裂砂体配置控藏和优质储集层富集的成藏模式。

准噶尔盆地中拐凸起东斜坡上乌尔禾组常规—致密油藏主控因素及成藏模式

准噶尔盆地中拐凸起东斜坡上乌尔禾组油气资源丰富,是效益勘探及建产的重要领域。应用测录井、生产测试及岩心分析化验资料,研究中拐凸起东斜坡上乌尔禾组储层特征,明确储层差异性的主控因素,建立中拐凸起东斜坡常规—致密油藏序次分布的成藏模式。结果表明:自北部向南部,研究区逐步由常规油藏转化为致密油藏,沉积作用是造成储层差异性的物质基础,控制储层岩性及原始物性,压实作用和浊沸石胶结作用加剧储层常规—致密差异演化;研究区成岩相带划分为泥质充填带、贫泥—弱胶结带、浊沸石胶结带和强压实—弱溶蚀带4种相带,其中贫泥—弱胶结带为有利储层发育带。该结果为研究区致密油藏勘探提供指导。

渤东凹陷新生代伸展-走滑叠合断裂时空差异演化模式及控藏效应

以三维地震精细解释为基础,通过构造剖面恢复,系统分析了渤东凹陷新生代伸展-走滑叠合断裂的时空差异演化特征及控藏作用。研究结果表明:(1)渤东凹陷新生代广泛发育以NNE向为主干、NE向为派生、NW向为叠加的伸展-走滑叠合断裂体系,可划分为强伸展-弱走滑断裂和强走滑-弱伸展断裂2类;整体具有深浅分层、南北分段的特征,纵向上,古近系主要发育强伸展-弱走滑断裂,断裂大而稀,新近系—第四系主要发育强走滑-弱伸展断裂,断裂小而密;平面上,同一断裂在不同段的构造组合样式存在差异。(2)研究区新生代伸展-走滑叠合断裂的演化主要表现为北部断裂活动强度“早强晚弱”,中部断裂继承性持续发育,南部断裂活动强度“早弱晚强”;演化模式分为初始断陷(孔店组—沙四段沉积期)、强烈断陷(沙三段—东营组沉积期)和走滑坳陷(馆陶组—平原组沉积期)3个阶段,初始断陷阶段,NNE—NE向强伸展与弱走滑叠合,NE向强伸展-弱走滑断裂为主控,NW向先存断裂活化,分割凹陷;强烈断陷阶段,NNE—NE向强伸展与弱走滑叠合,NNE向强伸展-弱走滑断裂变为主控,NW向断裂活动减弱或停止;走滑坳陷阶段,NNE向强走滑与弱伸展叠合,断裂不控制沉积,但对地层展布具有调整作用。(3)研究区伸展-走滑叠合断裂的发育演化与油气成藏密切相关,整体具有“早期伸展控源、晚期走滑控运、多期叠加控圈”的特征,东部斜坡带是油气运聚的有利区。

Advances and problems in hydrocarbon exploration in the Tazhong area, Tarim Basin

Located in the middle of the Tarim Basin, Tazhong is a typical area of compound reservoirs rich in oil and gas found in the Carboniferous, Silurian and Ordovician strata. The proved, probable and possible reserves （3P reserves） in the area amount to 5×108 tons, so it is of great significance to study the advances and problems in hydrocarbon exploration in the Tazhong area. On the basis of exploration history and analysis of scientific problems, we outline eight achievements： distribution characteristics of reservoirs, stages of reservoir formation, different sources of oil and gas and their respective contributions, the effective regional caprock and reservoir-caprock combinations dominating the vertical distribution of hydrocarbon reservoirs, the control of the Tazhong Palaeo-uplift on reservoir formation and establishing geologic models, structure balance belts influencing the reconstruction and residual potential of reservoirs after accumulation, the rules and mechanisms of fractures controlling oil and gas, and the types of favorable reservoirs and their characteristics of controlling oil and gas distribution. We further point out the main problems about the oil and gas exploration in the Tazhong area and put forward some relevant proposals.

Reservoir controlling differences between consequent faults and antithetic faults in slope area outside of source: A case study of the south-central Wenan slope of Jizhong Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, East China

The control effects of different occurrence faults on oil and gas accumulation and distribution in the outer slope area of oil and gas reservoirs were studied taking the south-central Wen’an slope of the Jizhong depression in the Bohai Bay Basin as an example.Based on 3D seismic data and the distribution of oil and water,the controlling differences between consequent fault and antithetic fault were analyzed and compared from the formation and evolution rule of faults and the formation mechanism of fault traps,including development positions of the consequent fault traps and antithetic fault traps,oil and gas distribution horizon adjusted by fault and formation period of fault traps.The differences between consequent faults and antithetic faults in controlling reservoirs have three main aspects:(1)Consequent fault traps and antithetic fault traps are in different positions,the consequent fault traps are at the segmented growing point in the hanging wall of"hard-linkage"faults,while the antithetic fault traps are developed in the position with the largest throw in the footwall because of tilting action;(2)The two kinds of faults result in different oil and gas distribution vertically,oil and gas adjusted by consequent faults is distributed in a single layer or multi-layers,while oil and gas adjusted by antithetic faults occur in single layers;(3)The two kinds of fault traps are formed in different periods,the consequent fault traps are formed at the time when the related faults enter the stage of"hard-linkage",while the antithetic fault traps are formed at the beginning of the fault active period.

Controlling Factors and Accumulation Model of Hydrocarbon Reservoirs in the Upper Cretaceous Yogou Formation, Koulele Area, Termit Basin, Niger

Based on the sedimentary and tectonic background of the Termit Basin, this paper focuses on the Upper Cretaceous Yogou Formation and uses organic geochemistry, logging, oil testing and seismic data to analyze the primary control factors of the hydrocarbon accumulation and establish corresponding model in order to predict favorable exploration target zones of hydrocarbon reservoirs. This study demonstrates that the Upper Cretaceous Yogou Formation is a self-generation and self-accumulation type reservoir. The Yogou Formation hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Koulele area are controlled by four factors：（1） the source rock is controlled by a wide range of YS1-YS2 marine shale,（2） the sandstone reservoir is controlled by the YS3 underwater distributary channel and storm dunes,（3） migration of hydrocarbons is controlled by faults and the regional monocline structure, and（4） the accumulation of hydrocarbons is controlled by lateral seal. The structures in the western Koulele area are primarily reverse fault-blocks with large throws, and the structures in the east are dominantly fault-blocks with small throws（co-rotating and reverse） and a fault-nose. In the western Koulele area, where the facies are dominated by storm dunes on a larger scale, it is easier to form lithologic reservoirs of sandstone lens. In the eastern Koulele area, high-quality channel sandstone reservoirs, fault-blocks with small throws, and the monocline structure benefit for the formation of updip pinch out lithologic traps, fault lithologic reservoirs and fault-nose structural reservoirs. Future exploration targets should be focused in the western storm dunes zone and eastern distributary channel sand zone with small fault-blocks.

四川盆地区域不整合特征及其对油气成藏的控制作用

基于露头、地震和钻井等资料,对四川盆地主要区域不整合特征及其对油气成藏的作用进行系统研究。结果表明:(1)四川盆地主要发育6个区域地层不整合,由下至上分别是前震旦系与震旦系之间、震旦系与寒武系之间、前二叠系与二叠系之间、中上二叠统之间、中上三叠统之间以及三叠系与侏罗系之间的不整合,已发现的21个常规大气田(包括致密气)中有16个的形成与区域性不整合有关。(2)区域性地层不整合对四川盆地大气田成藏有重要作用:一是通过风化壳岩溶作用改善不整合面之下储集体的孔渗条件,形成规模岩溶储集层;二是不整合面附近有利于形成良好源储盖组合,为大气田形成提供基础;三是产生地层尖灭和高低不平的古地貌,形成大面积地层圈闭和岩性圈闭群;四是为油气侧向运移提供优势通道;五是有利于油气规模聚集。(3)与区域性不整合相关的领域是四川盆地大气田勘探的重点,前震旦系具备形成大气田的烃源岩、储集层及其良好的配置条件,具有较大勘探潜力,有望成为重要战略接替领域。

南苏丹境内裂谷盆地源上构造-岩性油藏成藏主控因素与成藏模式

以钻井、测井及三维地震资料等为基础,通过岩心分析、连井对比、油气运聚模拟、地震反演及多信息叠合等方法,从油源条件、储-盖组合和输导体系3个方面对南苏丹境内Melut和Muglad 2个裂谷盆地源上构造-岩性油藏成藏的主控因素进行了分析,并探讨了成藏模式。研究结果表明:①Melut和Muglad盆地均发育早白垩世第Ⅰ裂陷期优质烃源岩,厚度大、面积广、有机质类型好、成熟度适中,具有良好的油源条件;Melut盆地古近系Yabus组、新近系Jimidi组和Muglad盆地白垩系Aradeiba组发育三角洲相和河流相沉积,河道和水下分流河道微相砂体的含砂率、砂岩厚度均适中,且不同层序内河道的河型存在垂向演化,发育泛滥平原和水下分流间湾微相局部封隔带,形成多套源上砂泥互层储-盖组合,为形成规模构造-岩性圈闭提供了条件;边界控盆断裂与盆缘斜坡区控凹断裂是沟通主力烃源岩与源上目的层的主要油气垂向运移通道,源上层段发育的多期不整合面和富砂地层形成了多个侧向优势运移路径(输导脊),油源断裂与输导脊耦合控制Melut和Muglad盆地源上构造-岩性油藏的有利区带。②Melut盆地Yabus组、Jimidi组以及Muglad盆地Aradeiba组具备形成源上规模构造-岩性油藏的石油地质条件,成藏模式可分为“断裂垂向运移型”、“断裂垂向运移-不整合面侧向输导型”和“断裂垂向运移-连通砂体侧向输导型”3种。

走滑断裂不同结构单元输导、运聚特性及其差异控藏模式——以准噶尔盆地乌尔禾沥青矿地区为例

走滑断裂的控藏作用是当前石油地质学研究的热点,但其内部不同结构单元的油气输导、运聚特性和差异控藏作用目前研究较少。文中通过野外地质表征、物性特征测试和二维油气运移物理模拟实验,以准噶尔盆地乌尔禾沥青矿地区走滑断裂为研究对象,结合理论分析、数理统计,明确了走滑断裂体系不同结构单元特征,厘清了走滑断裂不同结构单元的油气输导、运聚特性,构建了走滑断裂不同结构单元的差异控藏模式。研究结果表明:准噶尔盆地乌尔禾沥青矿地区走滑断裂为“核部-滑动破碎带-诱导裂缝带”三元结构型,走滑断裂主动盘滑动破碎带岩石裂缝最发育,其次为被动盘滑动破碎带和主动盘诱导裂缝带;油气在垂向上主要沿张扭性走滑断裂核部和主动盘运移,侧向上走滑断裂被动盘对油气的封闭性较好,以遮挡成藏为主,主动盘对油气的侧向封闭性差,油气可运聚到主动盘裂缝中,总体上走滑断裂以垂向输导为主,侧向上兼具输导和遮挡。“核部-滑动破碎带-诱导裂缝带”三元结构型走滑断裂输导体系及控藏模式的确立,对准噶尔盆地走滑断裂控藏规律认识的进一步完善及油气勘探开发理论的发展具有重要意义。

鄂尔多斯盆地延长组裂缝特征及其控藏作用

为确定断裂发育区油气充注聚集在时间上的持续性和在空间上的有序性,以鄂尔多斯盆地南缘上畛子—转角地区为例,分析裂缝形成期次与油藏分布的关系,探讨裂缝对延长组油藏的控制作用。研究表明,延长组主要发育燕山运动期二幕、燕山运动期三幕和喜马拉雅运动期共3期裂缝,不同期次裂缝对油气运聚的作用不同。近源油藏捕获了烃源岩从低熟到成熟阶段的所有产物,在燕山运动期三幕和喜马拉雅运动期遭到破坏,原油向远源区调整。研究区南部靠近渭北隆起,其裂缝的纵向连通性及砂体发育程度较强,原油在远源储集层中富集;研究区北部原油主要滞留在近源储集层中。因此,裂缝与砂体对接形成的输导网络,可以对油藏起到调整作用,在多期次裂缝的沟通下,近源和远源油藏的资源量立体互补。

冀中坳陷束鹿潜山带油气成藏主控因素与成藏模式

近年来,束鹿潜山带油气勘探取得重大突破,展现出冀中坳陷南部潜山较大的油气勘探潜力。但是,潜山带油气成藏主控因素与成藏模式还未开展系统研究和总结,严重制约了研究区下一步的油气勘探。本论文基于大量的钻井、测录井、地球化学资料、样品测试分析以及盆地模拟的方法,系统剖析了束鹿潜山带不同类型潜山的油气成藏条件,揭示了油气成藏主控因素,并建立了油气成藏模式。结果表明,束鹿潜山带油气成藏主控因素为供烃条件、输导体系以及保存条件,其中供烃条件一定程度上控制了油气成熟度与分布,输导体系控制了油气的运聚和规模,而保存条件控制了原油性质与富集。束鹿潜山带的洼中隆潜山经历了古近系沙河街组二段(Es2)沉积末期—东营期(Ed)和明化镇期(Nm)—现今两期油气充注过程,为近源断层输导断背斜聚集的油气成藏模式;而斜坡带潜山只经历了明化镇期(Nm)—现今一期低熟—正常原油充注过程,为远源不整合输导反向断块-高潜山聚集的油气成藏模式。研究成果可为研究区潜山带油气成藏机理的认识和油气勘探提供科学依据。

川中地区基底断裂对震旦系-古生界沉积控制作用及油气地质意义

近期,川中地区JT1井在震旦系—古生界钻遇多套厚层滩相储层,井旁地震剖面可见基底断裂发育,该井多层系测试均获得油气发现,展示出川中地区立体勘探潜力。利用最新高品质二维和三维地震、重磁、时频电磁、钻测井等资料,分析川中简阳—中江地区基底断裂特征及其对震旦系—古生界地层沉积及成藏的控制作用。研究发现,简阳—中江地区发育众多北西、北东走向基底断裂,基底断裂发育于前震旦系裂谷边界及裂谷内幕隆凹转换带。基底断裂控制了灯影组沉积前隆凹格局,并在兴凯地裂、加里东运动、峨眉地裂等时期不同程度(显性、隐性)继承性活动产生断垒断堑,控制了纵向上大面积震旦系—古生界叠置有利相带区展布:灯影组丘滩体建隆区位于前震旦系隆起高地貌部位,沿北西向和北东向基底断裂分布;二叠系茅口组滩体发育于断垒高地貌处,沿北西向基底断裂分布;二叠系爆发相火山岩主要沿垒堑转换带的基底断裂(火山通道)分布;长兴组滩体沉积于火山岩喷发后形成的火山锥上方,沿北西向基底断裂分布。简阳—中江地区基底断裂不仅控制着德阳—安岳裂陷槽寒武系优质烃源分布,也控制着纵向多层系滩体沉积及古岩溶以形成优质储层,控制储层间致密遮挡带分布,基底断裂作为疏导形成良好源储配置,震旦系—古生界成藏条件佳,立体勘探潜力大。

西非北部塞内加尔盆地油气富集规律与勘探方向

西非北部塞内加尔盆地是位于前寒武系—古生界结晶基底之上的巨型裂谷−被动陆缘叠合盆地。笔者基于地震、典型钻井、测井资料及国际油气商业数据库和勘探的最新成果,结合区域地质背景和盆地构造沉积演化特征,分析盆地油气成藏条件、成藏特征和富集规律,并预测未来勘探方向。研究表明,盆地经历前裂谷、同裂谷和被动陆缘3期构造演化阶段,盆地结构呈“北缓南陡”形态,具体表现为“北部窄陆架缓陆坡、南部宽陆架陡陆坡”特征。盆地发育裂陷期湖相和被动陆缘期海相两套烃源岩,裂陷期烃源岩对盆地深水区白垩系成藏具有重大贡献,被动陆缘期烃源岩在上覆地层较厚时才成熟。盆地可划分为3种油气成藏模式。①陆架区下生上储,断层沟通不整合,陆架三角洲前缘浊积砂岩成藏模式。②斜坡坡脚区下生上储、断砂配置输导、近源供烃成藏模式。③深水−超深水区下生上储,垂向运移,构造−地层型浊积砂岩成藏模式。陆架边缘三角洲前缘砂体、斜坡坡脚处的浊积水道和海底扇、深水区浊积水道和浊积扇是塞内加尔盆地重点勘探领域,深水区大型构造−地层圈闭为盆地最重要的勘探目标。

断层封闭性演化地球化学评价方法及其控藏作用——以准噶尔盆地西北缘红车断裂带为例

断层封闭性评价对油气成藏研究具有重要的指导意义,但是断层封闭性演化和油气动态成藏有机结合的研究却较少。为此,以准噶尔盆地西北缘红车断裂带为例,利用烃源岩生物标志化合物、生烃热模拟产物特征、原油色谱色质、碳同位素、轻烃等地球化学实验分析技术,建立了断层封闭性演化地球化学评价方法,揭示了不同地质历史时期断层封闭性差异演化对油气运聚成藏的控制作用。研究结果表明:①红车断裂带断层侧向封闭性控制了断层上/下盘原油性质差异。②晚三叠世—早侏罗世,断层侧向对油气不封闭,下二叠统风城组烃源岩成熟阶段原油运移至上盘石炭系遭受生物降解形成高密度重质油;晚侏罗世—早白垩世,断层侧向对油封闭,对气不封闭,风城组高成熟原油和中二叠统下乌尔禾组成熟原油在下盘聚集成藏。③不同地质历史时期断层对不同流体封闭性差异是红车断裂带油藏伴生气普遍为干气的主要原因。④断层封闭性演化可以划分为开启、弱封闭、中封闭、强封闭4个演化阶段,分别控制了油气散失、上盘油藏遭受生物降解、下盘油藏聚集天然气散失、晚期干气捕获4个成藏过程,前3个阶段导致成熟—高成熟阶段天然气散失,晚期强封闭阶段干气大规模聚集,形成了重质油、中质油、轻质油、干气并存的油气分布复杂现象。结论认为,建立的断裂封闭性动态演化历程的地球化学评价方法,对复杂地区多源多期油气勘探开发具有重要的指导意义。

渤中西洼新近系馆陶组断裂控藏作用定量评价

为厘清断裂对渤中西洼渤中8-D油田新近系馆陶组油气成藏的控制作用,在断裂系统分析的基础上,利用灰色关联分析法对断裂在油气成藏中的控制作用开展定量研究,并对渤中西洼馆陶组未钻圈闭进行钻探风险评价。结果表明:油源断裂控制了油气富集部位,新近系明化镇组盖层断接厚度控制了油气分布层位,断裂侧向封闭能力控制了断裂圈闭油柱高度。当综合评价指数Q值≥0.8时,馆陶组油气富集,探明储量丰度超过300×10^(4)t/km^(2);当0.5<Q<0.8时,馆陶组油气较为富集,探明储量丰度为(100~300)×10^(4)t/km^(2);当Q≤0.5时,油气丰度较低,探明储量丰度低于100×10^(4)t/km^(2)。定量评价方法应用于该区未钻圈闭,显示渤中8-D油田东南部两个馆陶组未钻圈闭油气富集概率大,钻探风险小,是下一步最有利的勘探目标。