The populations of urban centers in Congo-Brazzaville have decided to develop various methods of water storage (concrete or masonry underground tanks) for domestic use, due to shortages in the distribution of water th...The populations of urban centers in Congo-Brazzaville have decided to develop various methods of water storage (concrete or masonry underground tanks) for domestic use, due to shortages in the distribution of water through the public network. However, questions remain as to the physico-chemical quality of the water stored in these tanks, when these structures are built in wet and relatively polluted areas. This paper presents a model of pollutant diffusion through the cementitious matrix (concrete) of tank walls simulated at a buried reservoir. The results of the experimental and numerical simulations show that certain concrete parameters, such as porosity, permeability and diffusivity, have a significant influence on the transfer of pollutants through the concrete walls, thus altering the physico-chemical quality of the stored water. The numerical models (1D) used to predict pollutant transfer and the quality of the stored water are consistent with those of the optimal control for identifying the diffusion coefficient. Major ion concentrations appear to be correlated with system porosity and diffusion coefficient. Nevertheless, the identification of the diffusion coefficient from the optimal control method, based on an explicit numerical resolution of a finite volume PDE for the approximation of the experiment, is not consistent with that of the optimal control method.展开更多
By Green＇s function method we show that the water hammer （WH） can be analytically predicted for both laminar and turbulent flows （for the latter, with an eddy vis- cosity depending solely on the space coordinates...By Green＇s function method we show that the water hammer （WH） can be analytically predicted for both laminar and turbulent flows （for the latter, with an eddy vis- cosity depending solely on the space coordinates）, and thus its hazardous effect can be rationally controlled and mini- mized. To this end, we generalize a laminar water hammer equation of Wang et al. （J. Hydrodynamics, B2, 51, 1995） to include arbitrary initial condition and variable viscosity, and obtain its solution by Green＇s function method. The pre- dicted characteristic WH behaviors by the solutions are in excellent agreement with both direct numerical simulation of the original governing equations and, by adjusting the eddy viscosity coefficient, experimentally measured turbulent flow data. Optimal WH control principle is thereby constructed and demonstrated.展开更多
A self-tuning reaching law based sliding mode control(SMC)theory is proposed to stabilize the nonlinear continuous stirred tank reactor(CSTR).T-S fuzzy logic is used to build a global fuzzy state-space linear model.Co...A self-tuning reaching law based sliding mode control(SMC)theory is proposed to stabilize the nonlinear continuous stirred tank reactor(CSTR).T-S fuzzy logic is used to build a global fuzzy state-space linear model.Combing the traits of SMC and CSTR,three fuzzy rules can meet the requirements of controlled system.The self-tuning switch control law which can drive the state variables to the sliding surface as soon as possible is designed to ensure the robustness of uncertain fuzzy system.Lyapunov equation is applied to proving the stability of the sliding surface.The simulations show that the proposed approach can achieve desired performance with less chattering problem.展开更多
由于三容水箱是一个具有多变量、非线性和耦合特征的系统,难以建立精确的数学模型。为此,提出了基于RBF-ARX模型的预测控制策略。RBF-ARX模型是神经网络RBF(Radial Basis Function)和线性自回归ARX(Auto-Regres-sive e Xogenous)模型兼...由于三容水箱是一个具有多变量、非线性和耦合特征的系统,难以建立精确的数学模型。为此,提出了基于RBF-ARX模型的预测控制策略。RBF-ARX模型是神经网络RBF(Radial Basis Function)和线性自回归ARX(Auto-Regres-sive e Xogenous)模型兼容组合的模型,适用于非线性系统的建模。预测控制算法基于此模型预测对象输出变化,并通过闭环控制,使误差最小。该设计首先构建三容水箱系统的RBF-ARX模型,并辨识、优化模型参数。基于此模型设计了系统预测控制器,最后通过实时控制证实了该方法的可行性和有效性。展开更多
文摘The populations of urban centers in Congo-Brazzaville have decided to develop various methods of water storage (concrete or masonry underground tanks) for domestic use, due to shortages in the distribution of water through the public network. However, questions remain as to the physico-chemical quality of the water stored in these tanks, when these structures are built in wet and relatively polluted areas. This paper presents a model of pollutant diffusion through the cementitious matrix (concrete) of tank walls simulated at a buried reservoir. The results of the experimental and numerical simulations show that certain concrete parameters, such as porosity, permeability and diffusivity, have a significant influence on the transfer of pollutants through the concrete walls, thus altering the physico-chemical quality of the stored water. The numerical models (1D) used to predict pollutant transfer and the quality of the stored water are consistent with those of the optimal control for identifying the diffusion coefficient. Major ion concentrations appear to be correlated with system porosity and diffusion coefficient. Nevertheless, the identification of the diffusion coefficient from the optimal control method, based on an explicit numerical resolution of a finite volume PDE for the approximation of the experiment, is not consistent with that of the optimal control method.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Key Project (10532010)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China’s Turbulence Program(2009CB724101)+1 种基金the National Basic Research Program of China(2007CB714600)the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10921202/A0204)
文摘By Green＇s function method we show that the water hammer （WH） can be analytically predicted for both laminar and turbulent flows （for the latter, with an eddy vis- cosity depending solely on the space coordinates）, and thus its hazardous effect can be rationally controlled and mini- mized. To this end, we generalize a laminar water hammer equation of Wang et al. （J. Hydrodynamics, B2, 51, 1995） to include arbitrary initial condition and variable viscosity, and obtain its solution by Green＇s function method. The pre- dicted characteristic WH behaviors by the solutions are in excellent agreement with both direct numerical simulation of the original governing equations and, by adjusting the eddy viscosity coefficient, experimentally measured turbulent flow data. Optimal WH control principle is thereby constructed and demonstrated.
文摘A self-tuning reaching law based sliding mode control(SMC)theory is proposed to stabilize the nonlinear continuous stirred tank reactor(CSTR).T-S fuzzy logic is used to build a global fuzzy state-space linear model.Combing the traits of SMC and CSTR,three fuzzy rules can meet the requirements of controlled system.The self-tuning switch control law which can drive the state variables to the sliding surface as soon as possible is designed to ensure the robustness of uncertain fuzzy system.Lyapunov equation is applied to proving the stability of the sliding surface.The simulations show that the proposed approach can achieve desired performance with less chattering problem.
文摘由于三容水箱是一个具有多变量、非线性和耦合特征的系统,难以建立精确的数学模型。为此,提出了基于RBF-ARX模型的预测控制策略。RBF-ARX模型是神经网络RBF(Radial Basis Function)和线性自回归ARX(Auto-Regres-sive e Xogenous)模型兼容组合的模型,适用于非线性系统的建模。预测控制算法基于此模型预测对象输出变化,并通过闭环控制,使误差最小。该设计首先构建三容水箱系统的RBF-ARX模型,并辨识、优化模型参数。基于此模型设计了系统预测控制器,最后通过实时控制证实了该方法的可行性和有效性。
