In Vitro Study on the Soothing and Oil Control Efficacy of P-Hydroxyacetophenone

p-Hydroxyacetophenone(p-HAP)was used as preservatives in cosmetics recently,their new efficacy was rarely reported.Here,We evaluate the soothing and oil control efficacy of p-HAP in vitro cells,providing a new efficacy basis for its application in cosmetics.The content of nitric oxide(NO),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)were determined in LPS-induced RAW264.7 and lipid contents were determined in testosterone-induced SZ95.The results revealed that p-HAP attenuated pro-inflammatory cytokines,such as NO,TNF-αand IL-6(P<0.01).Simultaneously,0.05mg/mL of p-HAP also inhibited the formation of lipid droplets in human sebocytes,with 17.64%of inhibition(P<0.001).These findings may be beneficial in the application of p-HAP as an efficacy ingredient in cosmetics,which may have a soothing and oil control efficacy according to the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lipid contents.

Control Scheme Discussion for Bottom Oil Slurry System of FCCU Fractionator

流化催化裂化装置（FCCU）分馏塔底油浆系统的控制效果对整个装置的平稳安全运行具有重要意义。近年来国内新建了许多大型FCCU，既包含国内各设计院自己的技术，也有部分引进国外的工艺包，其分馏塔底油浆系统的控制方案也有多种形式。总结了近年来国内新建FCCU常用的三种较为典型的油浆系统控制方案，阐述了各方案的特点，对其进行了简要的对比和分析。在此基础上尝试性地提出了这三种方案的适用场合，方便设计人员根据每个项目的特点设计合理的控制方案，达到最佳控制效果。

Based on the PLC technology automation design of on-board pump station oil temperature control system

Vehicle hydraulic pump station, often work environment is poor, the environment temperature difference is very big, the natureof the hydraulic oil is affected by temperature is very big, a lot of damage, PLC automatic control scheme and design of pumping station, the oiltemperature automatic control system realized the automation of the oil temperature control, greatly improving the pump station of the outdoorenvironment to adapt to the performance.

Technology and Practice of Stabiliing Oil Production and Controlling Water Cut in Kalamkas Oilfield in Central Asia

In this paper, by in-depth geological research of Kalamkas Oilfield in Central Asia, the geological body has been re-ascertained; combined with fine study of reservoir engineering, based on the understanding of the distribution of remaining oil horizontal wells have been given full play to stabilizing oil production and controlling water cut, reducing the producing pressure drop, improving well productivity and other advantages, and the development and deployment has been optimized; horizontal wells have been applied to solve problems such as old well casing damages, shutting down wells, low-productivity and low- efficiency wells, and high water cut wells to improve the utilization rate of old wells; through separate layer system improved injection production pattern, adjustment wells have been optimized and deployed, and part measures wells have been preferably selected to tap the residual oil improve the degree of reserves control realize the stabilization of oil production and control of water cut in an old oilfield, and further improve the development effects.

Paleozoic Composite Petroleum System of North Africa:Hydrocarbon Distribution and Main Controlling Factors

North Africa, which is one of the main oil and gas producing regions in the world, is best known for its subsalt Paleozoic-Triassic reservoirs and Paleozoic source rocks. Hydrocarbon abundance varies greatly from one structural domain to another areally and from one stratigraphic interval to another vertically. Analyses of the essential elements and geological processes of the Paleozoic petroleum system indicate that the distribution of the Lower Silurian shale source rocks, the development of a thick Mesozoic overburden, the presence of the Upper Triassic-Lower Jurassic evaporite seal are the most important factors goveming the distribution of the Paleozoic-sourced hydrocarbons in North Africa. The Mesozoic sequence plays a critical role for hydrocarbons to accumulate by enabling the maturation of the Paleozoic source rocks during the Mesozoic-Paleogene times and preserving the accumulated hydrocarbons. Basins and surrounding uplifts, particularly the latter, with a thick Mesozoic sequence and a regional evaporite seal generally have abundant hydrocarbons. Basins where only a thin Mesozoic overburden was developed tend to have a very poor to moderate hydrocarbon prospectivity.

Radiotracers and Nucleonic Control Systems Applied in Industry—Polish Case

Nuclear and radiation technologies play an important role in Polish power sector, oil industry and mining sector, starting from fossil fuels exploitation, their transport and distribution and finally power generation. Application of environmental isotopes, stable and radioactive, in ground water monitoring in the vicinity of open cast lignite mine, and radon monitor applied for miner’s safety in deep coal mines and nucleonic control systems for ash in coal quality control is often used in mining industry. Other applications of nuclear techniques reviewed, concern the oil industry, oil field recovery, transportation pipelines and refineries. Finally, the application of beta radiation-based gauges for air borne fly ash monitoring and radiation technology for flue gas treatment are the examples of using this technique in power sector equipped with coal and oil fired boilers [1]. The radiotracers techniques were used also in glass industry (determination and optimization parameters of the furnaces), cement industry (test of aggregates for the production of cement and optimization media transport in pipelines), metallurgy of Cu, Pb, Zn (investigation of pyrometallurgy processes and new techniques), cellulose industry, environmental and (mainly hydrological) research etc. [2]. The article is brief review of present status of radiotracer and nucleonic gauges techniques as applied to polish industry.

Citrus-based essential oils could be used for dengue vector mosquitoes control

Dear Editor The mosquitoes Aedes aegypli(I,) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse)(Diptera:Culicidae) are important vectors of dengue fever in tropical and subtropical parts of the world. Chemical control has been considered as an effective tool for their management in different areas of the world.However, injudicious use of the chemicals result in environmental pollution,ill effects to humans and other animals,and the development of insecticide resistance,which ultimately limits the efficacy of many insecticides!’].Essential oils can be used for mosquito control with no harmful effects to the ecosystem and non-target organisms.Essentials oils from different plants have been found very

Primary Investigation of Diseases and Pests on Oil Camellia (Camellia oleifera Abel) in Guangxi Province of China and Suggestions for Prevention and Control

The occurrence condition of pests and diseases in major production areas of oil camellia（Camellia oleifera Abel）in Guangxi Province of China was preliminarily investigated from 2010 to 2012.The investigation results showed that there were seven species of major pests on oil camellia in Guangxi Province,including six species of leaf pests,one species of branch pest and one species of fruit pest;there were seven species of major diseases on oil camellia.It was the first report that Mytilaspis camelliae（Hoke）and Empoasca pivisuga Matumura could damage C.oleifera.The occurrence status of pests and diseases on oil camellia in Guangxi Province was summarized,and suggestions for prevention and control against pests and diseases were also put forward.

和利时MACS-K系列DCS在润滑油生产过程中的应用

中国石化润滑油济南分公司采取和利时MACS-K系列DCS与引进SMB技术相结合的方式,设计了一套完整的控制系统,实现了自动计量、自动球扫、实时显示、实时报警、趋势分析、报表打印、设备控制方式的无扰切换等功能,从而保证了润滑油的高质量生产。

“双碳”背景下中国海上石油污染防治法律制度的体系化构建

实现碳达峰碳中和已成为中国经济发展和社会转型的重要目标,同时对生态环境法治建设中法律目标确定与法律制度建设提出了新要求。海洋作为地球系统中最大的碳库,在提升生态系统碳汇能力方面扮演着重要的角色。随着海上石油开发利用活动的日益增加,海上勘探、开采、运输及相关作业性活动造成的污染事件频发,推进海洋生态环境污染治理的法治化已成为全球生态环境保护的必然选择。海上石油污染防治法律制度具备一般污染防治法律制度的特征与表现形式,但因其法律关系主体的复杂性、规范内容的不确定性、制度适用的局限性而具有自身的特殊性。海洋环境污染的治理具有天然的国际性,而多极化的时代背景使得全球海洋污染治理更具挑战性。各国的海上石油污染治理体系虽然不同,但通过比较研究发现,其法律制度的构建多依托并服务于国家战略,强调价值理念的引导作用,以及在明确法律责任的基础上侧重构建跨界治理法律实施体系。中国海上石油污染防治的法治建设因法律规范水平与海洋治理需求之间存在明显张力,目前面临着技术性、衔接性、功能性等多重困境。这就亟须理顺多要素法律规范层级制度构建的生成思路,从内容框定、制度衔接、救济保障三个层面系统构建中国海上石油污染防治法律制度体系,包括推进国家责任基础上硬法与软法统筹的法律体系建设,建立跨界合作视域下的海上石油污染风险防范与监管制度,构建以整体性治理为导向的法律救济制度,以期实现对全球海洋污染治理格局变化的积极回应与全球海洋污染治理共识的有效聚合。

输油气站场工控系统网络安全防护探讨

本文围绕输油气站场工控系统的网络安全防护需求,基于美国国家标准与技术研究所(NIST)的网络安全框架,研究探讨了输油气站场工控系统的网络安全防护措施与建议,以期为输油气站场工控系统运营者开展网络安全管理工作提供参考依据。

基于SCADA-DCS通讯技术的油气开采数据自动化采集与控制系统

设计基于SCADA-DCS通讯技术的油气开采数据自动化采集与控制系统。系统以SCADA服务器为上层监控服务器,通过与井站现场仪器仪表实时通信,监控整个开采过程。当油气缓冲罐液位越限时,SCADA服务器自动下达指令至原油处理站DCS,启动基于智能PID的油泵控制器,调节油泵变频器,控制油气液位不溢出。系统使用SCADA-DCS通讯技术的MODBUS通信协议,并根据通信中断优先级分配方法,确保对中断处理时间要求高的通信请求能实时响应。实验结果表明,该系统能提升油气液位控制和紧急信息通讯效率。

剖面浮标变体积油囊式浮力调节系统设计

为精准控制剖面浮标的垂向运动,提出一种可精确控制油量的变体积油囊式浮力调节系统,包含外油囊、增压油箱、密封性能良好的电磁球阀和可调节转速的液压泵等组件。采用拉线位移传感器实时采集增压油箱液面位置实现油量监控,并对外油囊体积进行高精度闭环反馈控制;设计极低泄漏量的液压系统,实现系统在待机状态下浮力保持长期稳定。为精确控制浮力调节系统,构建控制系统数学模型,引入比例积分微分(Proportional Integral Differential,PID)控制算法,并采用Simulink进行稳定性仿真。试验结果表明,系统可实现浮力精确控制,最大超调量低于1%,稳定性与响应速度均符合预期,验证了控制策略的可靠性。

管道电流测绘交流恒流源双环控制策略研究

为解决埋地输油管道阻容性负载对恒流源的影响,结合交流恒流源模型,针对传统电压电流双闭环控制在应对阻容性负载时,出现的输出波形失真问题展开研究,提出一种管道电流测绘交流恒流源双环控制策略。在内环控制方面,采用电感电流瞬时反馈和负载电流前馈的PI控制策略;对于外环控制,采用负载电压反馈的PI控制策略。为进一步完善系统性能,运用极点配置法对控制器参数进行设计,以实现更加精准的控制,并通过Matlab进行频域特性分析和Simulink仿真验证。结果表明:经过优化的控制策略能够有效抑制阻容性负载条件下的电压波形畸变,同时在阻性负载和阻容性负载条件下的输出电流均显示出良好的正弦性,总谐波失真率分别为2.26%和3.19%,具备良好的动态性能和鲁棒性,可为埋地输油管道输油系统的检测提供坚实的技术基础。

基于模糊PID控制的石油钻井电机控制系统

为保证石油钻井电机按照指定转速完成钻井作业,设计了基于模糊PID控制的石油钻井电机转速控制系统。系统上位机通过RS-232驱动芯片将控制指令与参数传输至DSP控制模块,DSP控制模块通过中央处理器启动增量式光电编码器跟踪电机实际转速,并结合实际转速调整控制指令后,转换成电机转速控制执行指令下达至电机速度调节器,基于模糊PID控制的电机转速控制方案控制石油钻井电机转速。实验结果表明:采用所设计系统进行控制,不论是空载工况还是负载工况,石油钻井电机都可按照指定转速运行,且转速多次切换均不存在超调问题,切换时间与转速值都与控制指令要求一致。

天然气增压机组润滑补给系统故障分析及改进

某增压站配套发动机润滑油补给系统存在油位自动控制功能异常问题,基于油位控制工作原理,从分析油位控制器平衡管设置、润滑油预热循环管路设计等方面入手,对润滑油补给系统油位控制功能故障,进行了系统研究,提出了针对性的改进措施:将润滑油预热循环管路与润滑油补给管路独立,从而避免预热器回油反压油位控制器;同时将油位控制器原平衡管尺寸增大为1/2 inch,降低因平衡管尺寸过小无法完全平衡油位控制器与曲轴箱间压差的风险。整改后的润滑油补给系统油位控制功能恢复正常,发动机不再出现润滑油低液位停机故障,该实践为增压机组类似补油系统优化改进提供参考借鉴。

国产控制系统在米桑油田的成功应用

为了提升效益、降低成本、使设备国产化、攻克“卡脖子”技术,针对中海油伊拉克有限公司米桑油田DCS控制系统,采用新思想、新技术、新方法,成功使该油田控制系统达到标准化、国产化的目的。实际应用结果表明,该系统实现了标准化设计和国产化应用,有力保障了油田控制系统的正常运行,为同类设备标准化和国产化的应用提供了重要的借鉴意义。

石油化工领域自动化专业过程控制课程群交叉融合教学体系设计

设计一种适合于石油化工类学校自动化专业的过程控制方向课程教学体系。该体系以石油炼化实验平台为依托,将石油炼化这一过程复杂、工艺灵活、形态多样的工程实际问题作为案例贯穿于本科生全阶段学习过程中,使学生循序渐进地掌握系统的专业知识,并具备初步的工程分析与设计等实践能力。教学实践证明该体系效果提升明显,学生的学习能力、团队协作能力、实践能力等均得到显著提升。