Analysis of Microbial Contamination Factors and Critical Control Points in the Process of Hog Slaughter and Production

In order to provide a reference for the further study of microbial contamination in the pork production process. Microbial contamination of pigs came from three slaughterhouses were detected, and critical control points in the progress of hog slaughter and processing were analyzed. The results showed that microbial con- taminatian existed in the entire slaughter and processing progress, including shower and assassination bloodletting, separation of the internal organs, chopping boards, workshop environment, personal hygiene of the operators, etc. , which should be paid more attention to. The results indicated that reasonable protection measures should be carried out, disinfection awareness of the operators should be improved, and regular disinfection should be ruled under the condition of continu- ous operation.

Construction Project Management and Construction Quality Control Strategy

With the gradual acceleration of the urbanization process,the construction industry has been developing rapidly.As the key link to ensure the quality and safety of the project,construction management and construction quality control are of great significance to enhance the competitiveness of construction enterprises and realize sustainable development.In this paper,the effective strategy of construction management and the effective strategy of construction quality control will be discussed in depth,aiming at providing useful management and quality control strategies for construction enterprises.

On the Innovation,Design,Construction,and Experiments of OMEGA-Based SSPS Prototype:The Sun-Chasing Project

This study systematically introduces the development of the world’s first full-link and full-system ground demonstration and verification system for the OMEGA space solar power satellite(SSPS).First,the OMEGA 2.0 innovation design was proposed.Second,field-coupling theoretical models of sunlight concentration,photoelectric conversion,and transmitting antennas were established,and a systematic optimization design method was proposed.Third,a beam waveform optimization methodology considering both a high beam collection efficiency and a circular stepped beam shape was proposed.Fourth,a control strategy was developed to control the condenser pointing toward the sun while maintaining the transmitting antenna toward the rectenna.Fifth,a high-efficiency heat radiator design method based on bionics and topology optimization was proposed.Sixth,a method for improving the rectenna array’s reception,rectification,and direct current(DC)power synthesis efficiencies is presented.Seventh,high-precision measurement technology for high-accuracy beam-pointing control was developed.Eighth,a smart mechanical structure was designed and developed.Finally,the developed SSPS ground demonstration and verification system has the capacity for sun tracking,a high concentration ratio,photoelectric conversion,microwave conversion and emission,microwave reception,and rectification,and thus satisfactory results were obtained.

Best bounds on the distance between 3-direction quartic box spline surface and its control net

We present the best bounds on the distance between 3-direction quartic box spline surface patch and its control net by means of analysis and computing for the basis functions of 3-direction quartic box spline surface.Both the local bounds and the global bounds are given by the maximum norm of the first differences or second differences or mixed differences of the control points of the surface patch.

Automatic Fast and Robust Technique to Refine Extracted SIFT Key Points for Remote Sensing Images

The scale-invariant feature transform(SIFT)ability to automatic control points(CPs)extraction is very well known on remote sensing images,however,its result inaccurate and sometimes has incorrect matching from generating a small number of false CPs pairs,their matching has high false alarm.This paper presents a method containing a modification to improve the performance of the SIFT CPs matching by applying sum of absolute difference(SAD)in different manner for the new optical satellite generation called near-equatorial orbit satellite(NEqO)and multi-sensor images.The proposed method leads to improving CPs matching with a significantly higher rate of correct matches.The data in this study were obtained from the RazakSAT satellite covering the Kuala Lumpur-Pekan area.The proposed method consists of three parts:(1)applying the SIFT to extract CPs automatically,(2)refining CPs matching by SAD algorithm with empirical threshold,and(3)evaluating the refined CPs scenario by comparing the result of the original SIFT with that of the proposed method.The result indicates an accurate and precise performance of the model,which showed the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach.

NN adaptive pole placement method for sintering finish point control

A neural network model with a special structure, which is divided into linearand nonlinear parts, was proposed for identification of a nonlinear system. In this model, thenonlinear part of the object is treated as a measured disturbance, and is compensated by a feedforward method; an adaptive pole placement algorithm is used to control the linear part of theobject. The simulation results show that the identification efficiency and accuracy are improvedwhen the new controller is applied to sintering finish point control.

ADAPTIVE CONTROLLER AND ITS APPLICATION IN FORCE SYSTEM OF ASYMMETRIC CYLINDER CONTROLLED BY SYMMETRIC VALVE

Partial pressure, system vibration and asymmetric system dynamic performance exit in asymmetric cylinder controller by symmetric valve hydraulic system. To solve this problem in the force control system, model reference adaptive controller is designed using equilibrium point stability theory and output error equation polynomial. The reference model is selected in such a way that it meets the system dynamic performance. Hardware configuration of asymmetric cylinder controlled by asymmetric valve hydraulic system is replaced by intelligent control algorithm, thus the cost is lowered and easy to application. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed adaptive control sheme has good adaptive ability and well solves asymmetric dynamic performance problem. The designed adaptive controller is fairly robust to load disturbance and system parameter variation.

Strike Point Control on EAST Using an Isoflux Control Method

For the advanced tokamak,the particle deposition and thermal load on the divertor is a big challenge.By moving the strike points on divertor target plates,the position of particle deposition and thermal load can be shifted.We could adjust the Poloidal Field（PF） coil current to achieve the strike point position feedback control.Using isoflux control method,the strike point position can be controlled by controlling the X point position.On the basis of experimental data,we establish relational expressions between X point position and strike point position.Benchmark experiments are carried out to validate the correctness and robustness of the control methods.The strike point position is successfully controlled following our command in the EAST operation.

A Newly Proposed Temperature Control Methods of Fuel Gas Shuttle Kiln

A program control was applied in the fuel gas shuttle kiln,and its principle and disadvantge were analyzed.An advanced set point control method,in which the change rate of temperature is the controlled variable,is also described,and the new control system makes the control precision of temperature improved.

On-orbit Geometric Calibration and Preliminary Accuracy Evaluation of GF-14 Satellite

GF-14 satellite is a new generation of sub-meter stereo surveying and mapping satellite in China,carrying dual-line array stereo mapping cameras to achieve 1∶10000 scale topographic mapping without Ground Control Points(GCPs).In fact,space-based high-precision mapping without GCPs is a challenging task that depends on the close cooperation of several payloads and links,of which on-orbit geometric calibration is one of the most critical links.In this paper,the on-orbit geometric calibration of the dual-line array cameras of GF-14 satellite was performed using the control points collected in the high-precision digital calibration field,and the calibration parameters of the dual-line array cameras were solved as a whole by alternate iterations of forward and backward intersection.On this basis,the location accuracy of the stereo images using the calibration parameters was preliminarily evaluated by using several test fields around the world.The evaluation result shows that the direct forward intersection accuracy of GF-14 satellite images without GCPs after on-orbit geometric calibration reaches 2.34 meters(RMS)in plane and 1.97 meters(RMS)in elevation.

Robust Radiometric Normalization of the near Equatorial Satellite Images Using Feature Extraction and Remote Sensing Analysis

Relative radiometric normalization (RRN) minimizes radiometric differences among images caused by inconsistencies of acquisition conditions rather than changes in surface. Scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) has the ability to automatically extract control points (CPs) and is commonly used for remote sensing images. However, its results are mostly inaccurate and sometimes contain incorrect matching caused by generating a small number of false CP pairs. These CP pairs have high false alarm matching. This paper presents a modified method to improve the performance of SIFT CPs matching by applying sum of absolute difference (SAD) in a different manner for the new optical satellite generation called near-equatorial orbit satellite and multi-sensor images. The proposed method, which has a significantly high rate of correct matches, improves CP matching. The data in this study were obtained from the RazakSAT satellite a new near equatorial satellite system. The proposed method involves six steps: 1) data reduction, 2) applying the SIFT to automatically extract CPs, 3) refining CPs matching by using SAD algorithm with empirical threshold, and 4) calculation of true CPs intensity values over all image’ bands, 5) preforming a linear regression model between the intensity values of CPs locate in reverence and sensed image’ bands, 6) Relative radiometric normalization conducting using regression transformation functions. Different thresholds have experimentally tested and used in conducting this study (50 and 70), by followed the proposed method, and it removed the false extracted SIFT CPs to be from 775, 1125, 883, 804, 883 and 681 false pairs to 342, 424, 547, 706, 547, and 469 corrected and matched pairs, respectively.

Development of Geological Data Warehouse

Data warehouse (DW), a new technology invented in 1990s, is more useful for integrating and analyzing massive data than traditional database. Its application in geology field can be divided into 3 phrases: 1992-1996, commercial data warehouse (CDW) appeared; 1996-1999, geological data warehouse (GDW) appeared and the geologists or geographers realized the importance of DW and began the studies on it, but the practical DW still followed the framework of DB; 2000 to present, geological data warehouse grows, and the theory of geo-spatial data warehouse (GSDW) has been developed but the research in geological area is still deficient except that in geography. Although some developments of GDW have been made, its core still follows the CDW-organizing data by time and brings about 3 problems: difficult to integrate the geological data, for the data feature more space than time; hard to store the massive data in different levels due to the same reason; hardly support the spatial analysis if the data are organized by time as CDW does. So the GDW should be redesigned by organizing data by scale in order to store mass data in different levels and synthesize the data in different granularities, and choosing space control points to replace the former time control points so as to integrate different types of data by the method of storing one type data as one layer and then to superpose the layers. In addition, data cube, a wide used technology in CDW, will be no use in GDW, for the causality among the geological data is not so obvious as commercial data, as the data are the mixed result of many complex rules, and their analysis always needs the special geological methods and software; on the other hand, data cube for mass and complex geo-data will devour too much store space to be practical. On this point, the main purpose of GDW may be fit for data integration unlike CDW for data analysis.

Hierarchical adaptive stereo matching algorithm for obstacle detection with dynamic programming

An adaptive weighted stereo matching algorithm with multilevel and bidirectional dynamic programming based on ground control points （GCPs） is presented. To decrease time complexity without losing matching precision, using a multilevel search scheme, the coarse matching is processed in typical disparity space image, while the fine matching is processed in disparity-offset space image. In the upper level, GCPs are obtained by enhanced volumetric iterative algorithm enforcing the mutual constraint and the threshold constraint. Under the supervision of the highly reliable GCPs, bidirectional dynamic programming framework is employed to solve the inconsistency in the optimization path. In the lower level, to reduce running time, disparity-offset space is proposed to efficiently achieve the dense disparity image. In addition, an adaptive dual support-weight strategy is presented to aggregate matching cost, which considers photometric and geometric information. Further, post-processing algorithm can ameliorate disparity results in areas with depth discontinuities and related by occlusions using dual threshold algorithm, where missing stereo information is substituted from surrounding regions. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm, we present the two groups of experimental results for four widely used standard stereo data sets, including discussion on performance and comparison with other methods, which show that the algorithm has not only a fast speed, but also significantly improves the efficiency of holistic optimization.

Impact of GCP distribution on the rectification accuracy of Landsat TM imagery in a coastal zone

The purpose is to explore the effect of the spatial distribution of ground control points （GCPs） on the accuracy of imagery rectification. Both area-distributed and linearly distributed GCPs were used to rectify a Landsat TM image of a coastal zone. Rectification accuracy was checked against 99 independent points over the intertidal mudflats with no ground control. Results indicate that the root-mean-square error of residuals over these areas is several times larger than its GCPs-measured counterpart. If the GCPs are spatially dispersed over an area, residuals fluctuate but increase steadily with distance to the source of control in easting （R^2= 0. 827）. in northing they fluctuate around 150 m until 15 km, beyond which they rise steadily at a small range of fluctuation. These residuals are less predictable from distance to the source of control than in easting （R^2= 0.517 ）. If the GCPs are distributed along a control line, residuals rise with distance to it linearly and predictably （R^2 = 0. 877） in the direction perpendicular to it. In a direction parallel to it, the distance has little impact on rectification residuals.

Full Digital Smart Fuze on Air Target

The intelligent fuzing is a kind of perfect way to optimize detonation location.The fuze can autonomously configure the warhead detonation mode to optimize the desired effects against the target.For the air target,the fuze can sense the impact in the impact mode then detonate the warhead on impact,otherwise,it will operate in the proximity mode and detonate at a closest approach to the target.The anti-jamming ability is also added on fuze＇s full digital signal processing platform.The method for burst point＇s controlling is analyzed and the digital intelligent fuze system based on system on programmable chip（SOPC） is designed.

Methodology for Extraction of Tunnel Cross-Sections Using Dense Point Cloud Data

Tunnel deformation monitoring is a crucial task to evaluate tunnel stability during the metro operation period.Terrestrial Laser Scanning(TLS)can collect high density and high accuracy point cloud data in a few minutes as an innovation technique,which provides promising applications in tunnel deformation monitoring.Here,an efficient method for extracting tunnel cross-sections and convergence analysis using dense TLS point cloud data is proposed.First,the tunnel orientation is determined using principal component analysis(PCA)in the Euclidean plane.Two control points are introduced to detect and remove the unsuitable points by using point cloud division and then the ground points are removed by defining an elevation value width of 0.5 m.Next,a z-score method is introduced to detect and remove the outlies.Because the tunnel cross-section’s standard shape is round,the circle fitting is implemented using the least-squares method.Afterward,the convergence analysis is made at the angles of 0°,30°and 150°.The proposed approach’s feasibility is tested on a TLS point cloud of a Nanjing subway tunnel acquired using a FARO X330 laser scanner.The results indicate that the proposed methodology achieves an overall accuracy of 1.34 mm,which is also in agreement with the measurements acquired by a total station instrument.The proposed methodology provides new insights and references for the applications of TLS in tunnel deformation monitoring,which can also be extended to other engineering applications.

Optimal combination of the correction model and parameters for the precision geometric correction of UAV hyperspectral images

Nowadays,with the rapid development of quantitative remote sensing represented by high-resolution UAV hyperspectral remote sensing observation technology,people have put forward higher requirements for the rapid preprocessing and geometric correction accuracy of hyperspectral images.The optimal geometric correction model and parameter combination of UAV hyperspectral images need to be determined to reduce unnecessary waste of time in the preprocessing and provide high-precision data support for the application of UAV hyperspectral images.In this study,the geometric correction accuracy under various geometric correction models(including affine transformation model,local triangulation model,polynomial model,direct linear transformation model,and rational function model)and resampling methods(including nearest neighbor resampling method,bilinear interpolation resampling method,and cubic convolution resampling method)were analyzed.Furthermore,the distribution,number,and accuracy of control points were analyzed based on the control variable method,and precise ground control points(GCPs)were analyzed.The results showed that the average geometric positioning error of UAV hyperspectral images(at 80 m altitude AGL)without geometric correction was as high as 3.4041 m(about 65 pixels).The optimal geometric correction model and parameter combination of the UAV hyperspectral image(at 80 m altitude AGL)used a local triangulation model,adopted a bilinear interpolation resampling method,and selected 12 edgemiddle distributed GCPs.The correction accuracy could reach 0.0493 m(less than one pixel).This study provides a reference for the geometric correction of UAV hyperspectral images.

高校餐饮食品安全管理体系研讨

梳理了当前高校餐饮食品安全管理体系有关研究,将高校餐饮食品安全管理体系从提出主体和管理思想两个维度进行分类。从提出主体看,归纳为“政府行政”“国际认证”“行业或企业自律”三类。从管理思想看,归纳为“以评促建”“过程管理”“现场管理”三类。不同的食品安全管理体系均可提升高校餐饮食品安全管理水平,各有优劣。各高校可依据省情、校情,社会化程度差异等的不同,选择适宜的食品安全管理体系,或将不同类别的管理体系结合运用,确保高校餐饮食品安全。同时,各高校应加强有关对各类食品安全管理体系存在的问题和改进方式的探索研究。