Evaluation of Three Harvest Control Rules for Bigeye Tuna(Thunnus obesus) Fisheries in the Indian Ocean

The stock of Bigeye tuna(Thunnus obesus) in the Indian Ocean supports an important international fishery and is considered to be fully exploited. The responsible management agency, the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission(IOTC), does not have an explicit management decision-making framework in place to prevent over-fishing. In this study, we evaluated three harvest control rules, i) constant fishing mortality(CF), from 0.2 to 0.6, ii) constant catch(CC), from 60000 to 140000 t, and iii) constant escapement(CE), from 0.3 to 0.7. The population dynamics simulated by the operating model was based on the most recent stock assessment using Stock Synthesis version Ⅲ(SS3). Three simulation scenarios(low, medium and high productivity) were designed to cover possible uncertainty in the stock assessment and biological parameters. Performances of three harvest control rules were compared on the basis of three management objectives(over 3, 10 and 25 years): i) the probability of maintaining spawning stock biomass above a level that can sustain maximum sustainable yield(MSY) on average, ii) the probability of achieving average catches between 0.8 MSY and 1.0 MSY, and iii) inter-annual variability in catches. The constant escapement strategy(CE=0.5), constant fishing mortality strategy(F=0.4) and constant catch(CC=80000) were the most rational among the respective management scenarios. It is concluded that the short-term annual catch is suggested at 80000 t, and the potential total allowable catch for a stable yield could be set at 120000 t once the stock had recovered successfully. All the strategies considered in this study to achieve a ‘tolerable' balance between resource conservation and utilization have been based around the management objectives of the IOTC.

RULED SURFACE MACHINING BY 4-AXES SIMULTANEOUS CONTROL WIRE-EDM

On the tasis of study in the mathematical model of 3-dimensional ruled surface (RS),this paper introduces a new concept of distance paramcter (DP) and also puts forward that themethod of modeling a RS depends on not only two boundary curves but also DP. According toabove theory, the formulas to calculate corresponding point coordinates to any kind of top and bot-tom profile of a workpiece and formulas to calcuate the maximum inclination angle of ruling linehave been obtained. Then a different top and bottom RS mathining method including profile withline-are combination as well as parametric curves has been achieved by 4-axes simultancous con-trol programming proposed.

The Optimized Disign of the Fuzzy Controller(Ⅰ)——The predigested disquisition of rules of fuzzy control

To improve the ability and precisions of the fuzzy control,this thesis points out the adjusted fuzzy control method,realizes the precision of the fuzzy quantity, and reduces the number of the fuzzy control rules,so that it can predigest the process of disigns and realize the methods without influencing the idiocratic control,which are on the base of the domain flexing.

Deducing Complete Selection Rule Set for Driver Nodes to Guarantee Network’s Structural Controllability

Structural controllability is critical for operating and controlling large-scale complex networks. In real applications, for a given network, it is always desirable to have more selections for driver nodes which make the network structurally controllable. Different from the works in complex network field where structural controllability is often used to explore the emergence properties of complex networks at a macro level,in this paper, we investigate it for control design purpose at the application level and focus on describing and obtaining the solution space for all selections of driver nodes to guarantee structural controllability. In accord with practical applications,we define the complete selection rule set as the solution space which is composed of a series of selection rules expressed by intuitive algebraic forms. It explicitly indicates which nodes must be controlled and how many nodes need to be controlled in a node set and thus is particularly helpful for freely selecting driver nodes. Based on two algebraic criteria of structural controllability, we separately develop an input-connectivity algorithm and a relevancy algorithm to deduce selection rules for driver nodes. In order to reduce the computational complexity,we propose a pretreatment algorithm to reduce the scale of network's structural matrix efficiently, and a rearrangement algorithm to partition the matrix into several smaller ones. A general procedure is proposed to get the complete selection rule set for driver nodes which guarantee network's structural controllability. Simulation tests with efficiency analysis of the proposed algorithms are given and the result of applying the proposed procedure to some real networks is also shown, and these all indicate the validity of the proposed procedure.

Assessing Flood Risk Using Reservoir Flood Control Rules

The application of conventional flood operation regulation is restricted due to insufficient description of flood control rules for the Pubugou Reservoir in southern China. Based on the requirements of different flood control objects, this paper proposes to optimize flood control rules with punishment mechanism by defining different parameters of flood control rules in response to flood inflow forecast and reservoir water level. A genetic algorithm is adopted for solving parameter optimization problem. The failure risk and overflow volume of the downstream insufficient flood control capacity are assessed through the reservoir operation policies. The results show that an optimised regulation can provide better performance than the current flood control rules.

Rule-based Fault Diagnosis of Hall Sensors and Fault-tolerant Control of PMSM

Hall sensor is widely used for estimating rotor phase of permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM). And rotor position is an essential parameter of PMSM control algorithm, hence it is very dangerous if Hall senor faults occur. But there is scarcely any research focusing on fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control of Hall sensor used in PMSM. From this standpoint, the Hall sensor faults which may occur during the PMSM operating are theoretically analyzed. According to the analysis results, the fault diagnosis algorithm of Hall sensor, which is based on three rules, is proposed to classify the fault phenomena accurately. The rotor phase estimation algorithms, based on one or two Hall sensor(s), are initialized to engender the fault-tolerant control algorithm. The fault diagnosis algorithm can detect 60 Hall fault phenomena in total as well as all detections can be fulfilled in 1/138 rotor rotation period. The fault-tolerant control algorithm can achieve a smooth torque production which means the same control effect as normal control mode (with three Hall sensors). Finally, the PMSM bench test verifies the accuracy and rapidity of fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control strategies. The fault diagnosis algorithm can detect all Hall sensor faults promptly and fault-tolerant control algorithm allows the PMSM to face failure conditions of one or two Hall sensor(s). In addition, the transitions between health-control and fault-tolerant control conditions are smooth without any additional noise and harshness. Proposed algorithms can deal with the Hall sensor faults of PMSM in real applications, and can be provided to realize the fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control of PMSM.

基于博弈的Web应用程序中访问控制漏洞检测方法

针对工业互联网中程序的访问控制策略隐藏在源码中难以提取,以及用户的访问操作难以触发所有访问路径而导致逻辑漏洞的通用化检测难以实现的问题,将博弈思想应用于访问控制逻辑漏洞检测中,通过分析不同参与者在Web应用程序中对资源页面的博弈结果来识别漏洞,使得不同用户的访问逻辑能被有针对性地获取。实验结果表明,所提方法在开源的11个程序中检测出31个漏洞,其中8个为未公开的漏洞,漏洞检测覆盖率均超过90%。

正压呼吸防护面罩中无刷电机的模糊PID控制

正压呼吸防护面罩是作为医护工作者抗击新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)所使用的个体防护装备。本文忽略呼吸扰动等因素对送风子系统所产生的干扰,以送风子系统中的无刷直流电机为研究对象,建立无刷直流电机的数学模型;在MATLAB/Simulink环境中建立无刷直流电机转速PID控制模型,但由于无刷直流电机存在非线性、时变性等特点,导致PID控制对送风子系统中无刷直流电机的控制效果并不理想。然而,由于模糊控制不需要被控对象的精确模型,所以可以使用模糊PID来完成对送风子系统中无刷直流电机的控制优化。通过仿真实验结果表明:使用模糊PID控制系统的稳定性优于PID控制系统,无刷直流电机控制性能得到提升。

营商环境法治化三维论

市场秩序稳定公平、规则透明公开、法治公正、投资可预期的营商环境,是投资主体实现投资自由便利制度的核心价值所现。推进政府职能新定位,强化“放管服”,放宽市场主体准入等,是优化营商环境的基本环节。自由度是主体最活跃的动力源和策源地,政府确保“中立地位”,促进主体公平竞争和实施反垄断,维护所有市场主体都享有平等、自由、公平竞争机制。便利度是彰显政府向市场主体提供快速实现自由度的便捷化、快捷化和效率化的社会效应程度,核心在于强化市场主体获得从商活动权利能力的快捷、简便、高效行为状态等。创新度是市场主体实现自由度与便利度融合发展处于动态的追求状态,显现了优化营商环境持续创新的法治动力。政府干预与市场调节有机协同调控,做大主体自由度,提升主体更多便利度,促进营商环境的持续创新优化。自由、便利与创新,已成为优化营商环境的路径选择,创新成为优化营商环境的否定之否定规律。自由度、便利度与创新度的辩证关系价值,成为引导探寻优化营商环境的立足点、突破点和发力点。

A General Attribute and Rule Based Role-Based Access Control Model

Growing numbers of users and many access control policies which involve many different resource attributes in service-oriented environments bring various problems in protecting resource.This paper analyzes the relationships of resource attributes to user attributes in all policies, and propose a general attribute and rule based role-based access control(GAR-RBAC) model to meet the security needs. The model can dynamically assign users to roles via rules to meet the need of growing numbers of users. These rules use different attribute expression and permission as a part of authorization constraints, and are defined by analyzing relations of resource attributes to user attributes in many access policies that are defined by the enterprise. The model is a general access control model, and can support many access control policies, and also can be used to wider application for service. The paper also describes how to use the GAR-RBAC model in Web service environments.

Westgard-西格玛规则在血细胞分析室内质量控制选择上的应用

目的:利用Westgard-西格玛规则帮助临床实验室血细胞分析室内质量控制(IQC)选择恰当的质控规则,以确保室内质控结果合格、有效。方法:选择2021年6月—2021年12月新疆生产建设兵团第四师医院检验科临床实验室的5个项目低、中两个浓度质控水平的IQC数据,计算各项目的不精密度(CV)。根据2021年本临床实验室参加新疆维吾尔自治区临床检验中心全血细胞计数2次室间质量评价的结果,计算5个项目的平均偏倚(Bias)值。根据《临床血液学检验常规项目分析质量要求》(WS/T 406-2012)规定的允许总误差(TEa),计算出各个项目的质量水平西格玛指数(σ),公式为σ=(TEa-|Bias|)/CV。根据Westgard-西格玛规则的要求,对血细胞分析中的白细胞(WBC)、红细胞(RBC)、血红蛋白(HGB)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、血小板(PLT)项目选用相应的质控规则。结果:WBC项目应采用的IQC规则是1_(3S)、2_(2S)、R_(4S)、4_(1S)。RBC项目应采用的IQC规则是1_(3S)、2_(2S)、R_(4S)、4_(1S)、8_(X)。HGB项目应采用的IQC规则是1_(3S)、2_(2S)、R_(4S)、4_(1S)、8_(X)。MCV项目应采用的IQC规则是1_(3S)、2_(2S)。PLT项目应采用的IQC规则是1_(3S)、2_(2S)、R_(4S)、4_(1S)。结论:Westgard-西格玛规则能够帮助临床实验室优化IQC规则和使用质控品浓度水平的个数,甚至每个浓度水平质控品重复测定的次数,使临床实验室IQC规则更实际、实用。

2020~2022年贵州省临床实验室常规生化项目应用批长度Westgard西格玛规则的室内质量控制策略分析

目的了解2020~2022年贵州省常规生化项目室内质量控制(internal quality control,IQC)情况,并运用分析批长度西格玛规则为常规生化项目选择恰当的IQC策略。方法从参加2020~2022年贵州省临床检验中心常规生化项目第一次室间质量评价(external quality assessment,EQA)计划的实验室中筛选出统一采用英国朗道公司生产的两个浓度水平室内质控品的41家、41家和52家实验室,根据其IQC信息计算变异系数(coefficient of variation,CV),将CV与WS/T403-2012标准等不精密度性能规范进行比较,分析近年来贵州省常规生化项目的IQC情况;每年从中随机抽取15家回报三酰甘油项目结果的实验室并计算σ值,根据分析批长度Westgard西格玛规则流程图为其选择合适的质控策略,计算质量目标指数(quality goal index,QGI)以评价各实验室检测系统的分析性能。结果当月CV中,Ca,TP 2个项目满足WS/T403-2012标准的实验室比例较低,而P,CK,LDH等7个项目通过率均在80%以上,且呈逐年上升趋势;P,CK,LDH等7个项目符合生物医学变异(适当)性能规范的实验室比例均达90%,但Na,Ca,Cl等5个项目比例较低。累积CV中P,CK,LDH等10个项目满足生物医学变异(适当)性能规范的实验室比例在90%以上。对于三酰甘油项目,2020年~2022年分别有2家、5家、13家实验室达到6σ水平;与2020年和2021年相比,2022年σ值变化趋势上升(t=3.855,3.511,P≤0.001),表明这些实验室分析性能越来越好。结论贵州省部分常规生化项目的IQC水平在逐年提升。分析批长度Westgard西格玛规则为贵州省各实验室设计个性化质控规则,提高实验室的检测能力,更好地服务临床。

临床实验室基于功效函数图评价Westgard西格玛规则中统计质量控制程序性能

目的 使用功效函数图对Westgard西格玛规则中统计质量控制程序性能特征进行分析。方法 根据功效函数图绘制原理,开发了临床检验定量测定室内质量控制程序设计软件,使用功效函数图对Westgard西格玛规则中推荐的质量控制程序进行模拟,结合不同西格玛质量水平对Westgard西格玛推荐的质量控制程序进行性能分析。结果 Westgard西格玛规则推荐的质量控制程序,是能满足误差检出概率和假失控概率要求的前提下相对简单的规则。结论 临床检验定量测定室内质量控制程序设计软件验证了Westgard西格玛规则中推荐质量控制程序的性能,Westgard西格玛规则图直观便捷,临床实验室可以用来推荐室内质量控制的质量控制程序。

环孢素A和他克莫司的高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测及其室内质控评价

目的建立环孢素A和他克莫司治疗药物监测的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)质控方法,应用Westgard多规则理论对质控样品进行评估。方法利用HPLC-MS/MS建立人全血中环孢素A和他克莫司的血药浓度检测方法。对治疗药物监测过程中低、中、高3个浓度水平的质控样品进行统计分析,绘制Levery-Jennings和Z分数质控图,应用Westgard多规则理论进行室内质控评估。结果环孢素A和他克莫司的线性范围分别为10.40~1040.00和0.50~49.50 ng·mL^(-1),定量下限分别为10.40和0.50 ng·mL^(-1),提取回收率分别为108.61%~113.24%和101.99%~109.37%,内标归一化的基质因子分别为106.68%~111.27%和95.70%~97.81%,日内和日间的准确度及精密度均小于15.0%,其他参数也均符合生物样本定量分析要求。Levery-Jennings和Z分数质控图显示,2022年第三季度26组质控样品的检测结果提出警告4次(违反12s规则),未出现失控现象。结论建立的环孢素A和他克莫司治疗药物监测室内质控体系能够有效保障血药浓度检测的准确性。

胶西北地区谢家沟金矿床构造控矿规律及找矿方向

谢家沟金矿床位于胶西北招平断裂带的分支断裂上,已进入危机矿山行列,研究谢家沟金矿床的构造控矿规律对于其深部及外围找矿有重要意义。在矿区现场开展构造地质调查,对矿脉及脉岩进行产状测量和统计,结合岩矿分析和同位素测试成果,重新厘定了矿区成矿构造系统。经研究可将成矿构造演化序列分为成矿前、成矿期和成矿后3期。矿区构造控矿规律表现为:矿体在走向上具有明显的NNE向优选方位;矿体总体由SW向NE侧伏;脉组呈左行雁列产出并具有明显的矿化中心;矿化分带与构造蚀变分带具有一致性。本文提出了2个找矿预测靶区,为下一步找矿增储提供参考。

基于决策树C5.0的水库防洪调度研究

水库是一种重要的防洪工程措施,科学的水库防洪调度方式是实现水库设计效益的关键。鉴于常规调度和优化调度存在的不足,以山东省跋山水库为研究对象,提出并评估了一种利用决策树C5.0算法制定水库防洪调度规则的新方法。首先,在根据实测洪水数据构建跋山水库新安江模型的基础上,采用暴雨资料进行洪水模拟;然后,以最大削峰准则为目标进行模拟洪水的优化调度;最后,由跋山水库优化调度方案生成洪水调度数据集,由决策树C5.0算法提取水库调度规则决策树,据此对4场实测洪水进行调度。结果表明:由调度规则决策树制定的调度方案可行,且比实测调度方案更优。以决策树算法制定水库调度规则的过程,可为水库实时防洪调度提供决策支持。

梨蝽象在驻马店的发生特点及综合防治技术

介绍了梨蝽象的形态特征,并从危害情况、生活史、发生规律等方面对其在驻马店地区的发生情况进行了概述,最后提出了农业、物理、生物及药剂方面的综合防治技术措施,以期为果树科技工作者和果农提供科学参考。

大棚杨梅柏牡蛎蚧发生规律及4种杀虫剂的防治效果

兰溪杨梅是农业农村部农产品地理标志产品,随着大棚设施的普及,以柏牡蛎蚧为主的介壳虫呈日益加重趋势。本研究在浙江兰溪大棚杨梅主产区调查了大棚和露天杨梅柏牡蛎蚧的发生规律,并开展了化学防治试验。结果表明,大棚与露天杨梅柏牡蛎蚧一年发生2代,种群数量动态呈现双峰型。大棚杨梅柏牡蛎蚧发生高峰期为3月中旬至下旬,相比于露天柏牡蛎蚧早一个半月左右。不同乡镇和不同栽培方式条件下杨梅柏牡蛎蚧虫口发生量均有显著差异,4个乡镇街道大棚杨梅柏牡蛎蚧平均每叶虫量是露天的5倍之多,其中马涧镇杨梅受害最为严重。药效试验结果表明,20%螺虫·呋虫胺悬浮剂(SC)2000倍液药后15 d和30 d平均药效分别为90.5%和94.4%,防治效果最好,20%螺虫·呋虫胺SC 2500倍液及3000倍液、95%矿物油乳油(EC)50倍液和20%松脂酸钠可溶性粉剂(SP)200倍液30 d药效均在85%上,显著优于65%噻嗪酮可湿性粉剂(WP)2500倍液。建议果农在杨梅柏牡蛎蚧卵孵化高峰期选择矿物油或松脂酸钠进行防治,目前螺虫·呋虫胺还未在杨梅上登记,待进一步测试并登记后,可在实际生产上推广应用。

风电场内多机组输出功率微小波动控制仿真

针对风电场出力的随机性与间歇性,其多机组输出功率的波动不具有规律性,可预见性难度较大,不利于风力发电厂供电的稳定性。为此提出风电场多机组输出功率微小波动控制方法。利用风速模型、风轮模型和传动系统模型,研究风电场多机组动力学,明确机组结构和各模块间的关联性。通过多机组功率变化方程描述功率波动,引入推力系数预测机组输出功率。采用模糊控制算法确定比例与量化因子,确立模糊语言集合,建立模糊控制规则,将平衡指标与功率饱和指标作为首层控制器的输入量,计算功率修正系数,实现功率微小波动控制。实验结果表明,在风速和负载实时变化情况下,储能系统和负载侧功率之和与机组输出功率具有一致性,说明研究方法能够保证风电场多机组输出功率的平稳性。