The influence of low_level noise has not been widely noticed. This paper discovered that low_level and low frequency noise(A_weighted equivalent level L eq <45 dB) causes higher probability of subjective annoyance....The influence of low_level noise has not been widely noticed. This paper discovered that low_level and low frequency noise(A_weighted equivalent level L eq <45 dB) causes higher probability of subjective annoyance. The fuzzy mathematic principle was applied to deal with the threshold level of subjective annoyance from noise in this study; there is preferable relationship between the indoor noise and noise annoyance at low frequency noise level. Study indicated at the same centered noise level, the change of annoyance probability is mainly caused by the change of the frequency spectrum characteristic of the indoor noise. Under low noise level environment, without change of the medium_low frequency noise, the slight increase of medium_high frequency noise level with the help of noise sheltering effect can significantly reduce the noise annoyance. This discovery brings a new resolution on how to improve the environmental quality of working or living places. A noise control model is given in this study according to the acoustic analysis.展开更多
Access and usage control is a major challenge in information and computer security in a distributed network connected environment. Many models have been proposed such as traditional access control and UCONABC. Though ...Access and usage control is a major challenge in information and computer security in a distributed network connected environment. Many models have been proposed such as traditional access control and UCONABC. Though these models have achieved their objectives in some areas, there are some issues both have not dealt with. The issue of what happens to a resource once it has been accessed rightfully. In view of this, this paper comes out with how to control resource usage by a concept known as the package concept. This concept can be implemented both with internet connection and without the internet connection to ensure continual control of resource. It packages the various types of resources with the required policies and obligations that pertain to the use of these different resources. The package concept of ensuring usage control focuses on resource by classifying them into three: Intellectual, sensitive and non-sensitive resources. Also this concept classifies access or right into three as: access to purchase, access to use temporally online and access to modify. The concept also uses biometric mechanism such as fingerprints for authentication to check redistribution of resource and a logic bomb to help ensure the fulfillment of obligations.展开更多
文摘The influence of low_level noise has not been widely noticed. This paper discovered that low_level and low frequency noise(A_weighted equivalent level L eq <45 dB) causes higher probability of subjective annoyance. The fuzzy mathematic principle was applied to deal with the threshold level of subjective annoyance from noise in this study; there is preferable relationship between the indoor noise and noise annoyance at low frequency noise level. Study indicated at the same centered noise level, the change of annoyance probability is mainly caused by the change of the frequency spectrum characteristic of the indoor noise. Under low noise level environment, without change of the medium_low frequency noise, the slight increase of medium_high frequency noise level with the help of noise sheltering effect can significantly reduce the noise annoyance. This discovery brings a new resolution on how to improve the environmental quality of working or living places. A noise control model is given in this study according to the acoustic analysis.
文摘Access and usage control is a major challenge in information and computer security in a distributed network connected environment. Many models have been proposed such as traditional access control and UCONABC. Though these models have achieved their objectives in some areas, there are some issues both have not dealt with. The issue of what happens to a resource once it has been accessed rightfully. In view of this, this paper comes out with how to control resource usage by a concept known as the package concept. This concept can be implemented both with internet connection and without the internet connection to ensure continual control of resource. It packages the various types of resources with the required policies and obligations that pertain to the use of these different resources. The package concept of ensuring usage control focuses on resource by classifying them into three: Intellectual, sensitive and non-sensitive resources. Also this concept classifies access or right into three as: access to purchase, access to use temporally online and access to modify. The concept also uses biometric mechanism such as fingerprints for authentication to check redistribution of resource and a logic bomb to help ensure the fulfillment of obligations.
