In order to enhance the yield and quality of cashew,it is essential to implement high-yield cultivation techniques effectively throughout the production process.Additionally,pest control measures should be employed to...In order to enhance the yield and quality of cashew,it is essential to implement high-yield cultivation techniques effectively throughout the production process.Additionally,pest control measures should be employed to provide technical support for the industrialized development of cashew.展开更多
The article mainly studies the application strategy of automatic addressable single-lamp control technology in tunnel lighting.It encompasses an introduction to this technology,an analysis of the tunnel lighting syste...The article mainly studies the application strategy of automatic addressable single-lamp control technology in tunnel lighting.It encompasses an introduction to this technology,an analysis of the tunnel lighting system using automatic addressable single-lamp control technology,and outlines the main development direction for this technology in modern tunnel lighting.The aim is to offer insights that can inform the rational deployment of this technology,thereby enhancing the lighting control effectiveness in modern tunnels and meeting their specific lighting requirements more effectively.展开更多
China's infrastructure has gradually achieved large-scale development,and transportation construction has also shifted from east to west,transitioning from plains to mountainous areas.High-fill embankments of diff...China's infrastructure has gradually achieved large-scale development,and transportation construction has also shifted from east to west,transitioning from plains to mountainous areas.High-fill embankments of different sizes in mountainous areas are unavoidable,and the settlement of high-fill embankments is usually the most concerned issue in high-fill projects.According to the current research of highway projects,most of the high embankments in mountainous areas are soil-rock mixed embankments or rock-filled embankments,and their post-construction settlements are directly related to construction technology and the type of filler used.In this paper,the problems in the settlement control of earth-filled embankment and related factors are analyzed in detail.The settlement control technology of high-fill embankment in high-cold and high-altitude areas is also discussed,so as to ensure the overall quality of high-fill embankment.展开更多
The phenolic emulsifiers used in emulsified asphalt of micro-surfacing, which was the most important tools in the road maintenance, were investigated by control technology. Many factors influencing this reaction were ...The phenolic emulsifiers used in emulsified asphalt of micro-surfacing, which was the most important tools in the road maintenance, were investigated by control technology. Many factors influencing this reaction were studied and three kinds of phenolic emulsifiers were prepared without catalyst in ethanol. The performance was researched that 2-({2-[2-(2-Amino-ethylamino)-ethylamino]-ethyl-amino}-methyl)-4- nonyl-phenol (abbreviated as TETA) could be used in micro-surface. With addition of 0.5 % demulsifier, the mixing time was extended to 120 seconds obviously, and the cohesion torque (60 min) was 2.8 N*m, which satisfied the opening traffic time shorter than 1 h. The wet track abrasion (6 d) was lower than 807 g/m2, with interracial modifier added, but the load wheel was increased with interfacial modifier increasing. When the TETA: demulsifier: interracial modifier =3:1:3, excellent performance was obtained and the experimental results met the International Slurry Surfacing Association (ISSA) standard. The synthesis process of this emulsifier is simple and the performance used in micro-surface was excellent, so this kind of emulsifier could have a better application future.展开更多
To ameliorate the defects of insufcient support resistance of traditional roadside flling bodies for gob-side entry retaining(GER),overcome the inability to adapt to the deformation of surrounding rock,and isolate the...To ameliorate the defects of insufcient support resistance of traditional roadside flling bodies for gob-side entry retaining(GER),overcome the inability to adapt to the deformation of surrounding rock,and isolate the goaf efectively,a new type of high-water material as a roadside flling body for GER technology with double roadways was proposed.The instability analysis and control technology of GER with double roadways by flling high-water material into a gently inclined coal seam were studied.The basic mechanical properties of the new high-water material were investigated through laboratory experiments,and their main advantages were identifed.The reasonable width of the roadside flling wall of a high-water material was obtained by combining ground pressure observation and theoretical calculations.The distribution characteristics of the stress and plastic zone of surrounding rock of GER after being stabilized by the disturbance of the working face were studied using numerical simulations,and the failure range of GER by flling with high-water material was revealed.Based on this,a coupling control technology of anchor cables and bolts+single props+metal mesh+anchor bolts is proposed.Through the coupling methods of arranging borehole peeping and observing the convergences of surrounding rock,the results demonstrate that GER with double roadways by flling with a 1.8-m-wide high-water material has a good control efect.The above research will play an active role in promoting the application of high-water materials in GER roadside flling.展开更多
Kiwifruit root rot is an important root disease of kiwifruit, which has occurred increasingly in recent years. The disease leads to the death of whole kiwifruit plant under severe condition, and has become an importan...Kiwifruit root rot is an important root disease of kiwifruit, which has occurred increasingly in recent years. The disease leads to the death of whole kiwifruit plant under severe condition, and has become an important disease restricting kiwi fruit industry development. The characteris-tics, occurrence, etiology and symptoms of kiwifruit root rot were introduced in the paper, and the prevention and control technology against the dis-ease were put forward from the aspects of agriculture, biology and chemistry.展开更多
After systematic monitoring and field survey in orchard for three years from 2009 to 2011, it was found that Bactrocera dorsalis occurred for more than three generations each year on the north shore of the middle and ...After systematic monitoring and field survey in orchard for three years from 2009 to 2011, it was found that Bactrocera dorsalis occurred for more than three generations each year on the north shore of the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River, with overlapping generations; the activity peak of adults was from mid August to late September; the occurrence in citrus orchard in hilly and mountainous area was severe; the average insect-fruit rate in October reached 0.20% - 15.88% ; B. dorsalis had sporadic occurrence in other orchards. The integrated control measures of plowing in winter to kill pupae, removing insect-fruits, boycott- ing on the ground, trapping by sex attraetants and spraying pesticides could basically control the damage of B. dorsalis.展开更多
Surface roughness considerably influences the stamping and coating performance of the automotive plates;however,the surface roughness of the automotive plates is transferred from the roll during the rolling process.Th...Surface roughness considerably influences the stamping and coating performance of the automotive plates;however,the surface roughness of the automotive plates is transferred from the roll during the rolling process.Therefore,the variation and control technology regarding the roughness of the automotive plates and rolls has drawn increasing attention from researchers in China and around the globe.In this study,the research methods,analytical techniques,prediction models,transfer rules,and control technologies regarding the surface roughness of the automotive plates and rolls were reviewed.Among these,an online measurement system for automotive-plate and roll surface roughness has been applied to the production lines of Germany,China,Belgium,Holland,Austria,and other countries and has achieved remarkable results.Online measurement and timely feedback regarding the automotive-plate and roll surface roughness are needed to ensure favorable conditions for the establishment of automotive-plate roughness-control measurement.展开更多
In order to actively develop green ecological strawberry, the authors have studied integrated microecological prevention and control technologies of strawberry continuous cropping diseases, including increasing soil b...In order to actively develop green ecological strawberry, the authors have studied integrated microecological prevention and control technologies of strawberry continuous cropping diseases, including increasing soil biomass and solar high temperature disinfection during strawberry greenhouse leisure period in summer, biological fertilizer (agent) treatment before colonization, root irrigation treatment with biocontrol agent, as well as appropriate amount of fulvic acid and cytex after colonization, forming a supporting technical system for the microecological prevention and control of soil-borne diseases in facilities. The demonstration application in production shows that the technology has the functions of restoring and enhancing soil biological fertility, enriching beneficial microbial flora, antagonizing harmful bacteria, significantly promoting the growth and development of strawberry, reducing the incidence of soil-borne diseases, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, promoting the early ripening and high yield of strawberry, significantly improving the quality and flavor of strawberry, reducing the risk of pesticide residues, and boosting consumer confidence, which further improves the economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit, with good application prospect in production.展开更多
The grouted bolt,combining rock bolting with grouting techniques,provides an effective solution for controlling the surrounding rock in deep soft rock and fractured roadways.It has been extensively applied in numerous...The grouted bolt,combining rock bolting with grouting techniques,provides an effective solution for controlling the surrounding rock in deep soft rock and fractured roadways.It has been extensively applied in numerous deep mining areas characterized by soft rock roadways,where it has demonstrated remarkable control results.This article systematically explores the evolution of grouted bolting,covering its theoretical foundations,design methods,materials,construction processes,monitoring measures,and methods for assessing its effectiveness.The overview encompassed several key elements,delving into anchoring theory and grouting reinforcement theory.The new principle of high pretensioned high-pressure splitting grouted bolting collaborative active control is introduced.A fresh method for dynamic information design is also highlighted.The discussion touches on both conventional grouting rock bolts and cable bolts,as well as innovative grouted rock bolts and cables characterized by their high pretension,strength,and sealing hole pressure.An examination of the merits and demerits of standard inorganic and organic grouting materials versus the new inorganic–organic composite materials,including their specific application conditions,was conducted.Additionally,the article presents various methods and instruments to assess the support effect of grouting rock bolts,cable bolts,and grouting reinforcement.Furthermore,it provides a foundation for understanding the factors influencing decisions on grouted bolting timing,the sequence of grouting,the pressure applied,the volume of grout used,and the strategic arrangement of grouted rock bolts and cable bolts.The application of the high pretensioned high-pressure splitting grouted bolting collaborative control technology in a typical kilometer-deep soft rock mine in China—the soft coal seam and soft rock roadway in the Kouzidong coal mine,Huainan coal mining area,was introduced.Finally,the existing problems in grouted bolting control technology for deep soft rock roadways are analyzed,and the future development trend of grouted bolting control technology is anticipated.展开更多
Automatic control technology is the basis of road robot improvement,according to the characteristics of construction equipment and functions,the research will be input type perception from positioning acquisition,real...Automatic control technology is the basis of road robot improvement,according to the characteristics of construction equipment and functions,the research will be input type perception from positioning acquisition,real-world monitoring,the process will use RTK-GNSS positional perception technology,by projecting the left side of the earth from Gauss-Krueger projection method,and then carry out the Cartesian conversion based on the characteristics of drawing;steering control system is the core of the electric drive unmanned module,on the basis of the analysis of the composition of the steering system of unmanned engineering vehicles,the steering system key components such as direction,torque sensor,drive motor and other models are established,the joint simulation model of unmanned engineering vehicles is established,the steering controller is designed using the PID method,the simulation results show that the control method can meet the construction path demand for automatic steering.The path planning will first formulate the construction area with preset values and realize the steering angle correction during driving by PID algorithm,and never realize the construction-based path planning,and the results show that the method can control the straight path within the error of 10 cm and the curve error within 20 cm.With the collaboration of various modules,the automatic construction simulation results of this robot show that the design path and control method is effective.展开更多
Rectangular section control technology (RSCT) was introduced to achieve high-precision profile control during silicon steel rolling. The RSCT principle and method were designed, and the whole RSCT control strategy w...Rectangular section control technology (RSCT) was introduced to achieve high-precision profile control during silicon steel rolling. The RSCT principle and method were designed, and the whole RSCT control strategy was developed. Specifically, RSCT included roll contour design, roiling technology optimization, and control strategy development, aiming at both hot strip mills (HSMs) and cold strip mills (CSMs). Firstly, through the high-performance variable crown (HVC) work roll optimization design in the upper-stream stands and the limited shifting technology for schedule-free rolling in the downstream stands of HSMs, a hot strip with a stable crown and limited wedge, :local spot, and single wave was obtained, which was suitable for cold rolling. Secondly, an approximately rectangular section was obtained by edge varying contact (EVC) work roll contour design, edge-drop setting control, and. closed loop control in the upper-stream, stands of CSMs. Moreover, complex-mode flatness control was realized by coordinating multiple shape-control methods in the downstream stands of CSMs. In addition, the RSCT approach was applied in several silicon-steel production plants, where an outsicanding performance and remarkable economic benefits were observed.展开更多
This study examines the development of the fluid and control technology of hydraulic wind turbines. The current state of hydraulic wind turbines as a new technology is described, and its basic fluid model and typical ...This study examines the development of the fluid and control technology of hydraulic wind turbines. The current state of hydraulic wind turbines as a new technology is described, and its basic fluid model and typical control method are expounded by comparing various study results. Finally, the advantages of hydraulic wind turbines are enumerated. Hydraulic wind turbines are expected to become the main development direction of wind turbines.展开更多
Based on the activity level and technical information of coal-fired power-generating units(CFPGU)obtained in China from 2011 to 2015,we,1)analyzed the time and spatial distribution of SO_(2) and NOx emission performan...Based on the activity level and technical information of coal-fired power-generating units(CFPGU)obtained in China from 2011 to 2015,we,1)analyzed the time and spatial distribution of SO_(2) and NOx emission performance of CFPGUs in China;2)studied the impact of installed capacity,sulfur content of coal combustion,and unit operation starting time on CFPGUs’pollutant emission performance;and 3)proposed the SO_(2) and NOx emission performance standards for coal-fired power plants based on the best available control technology.Our results show that:1)the larger the capacity of a CFPGU,the higher the control level and the faster the improvement;2)the CFPGUs in the developed eastern regions had significantly lower SO_(2) and NOx emission performance values than those in other provinces due to better economic and technological development and higher environmental management levels;3)the SO_(2) and NOx emission performance of the Chinese thermal power industry was significantly affected by the single-unit capacity,coal sulfur content,and unit operation starting time;and 4)based on the achievability analysis of best available pollution control technology,we believe that the CFPGUs’SO_(2) emission performance reference values should be 0.34 g/kWh for active units in general areas,0.8 g/kWh for active units in high-sulfur coal areas,and 0.13 g/kWh for newly built units and active units in key areas.In addition,the NOx emission performance reference values should be 0.35 g/kWh for active units in general areas and 0.175 g/kWh for new units and active units in key areas.展开更多
On the basis of the theory of continuous compaction technology, we put forward the vibratory compaction value (VCV) index measured by a roller compactor, in order to evaluate the quality of continuously compacted su...On the basis of the theory of continuous compaction technology, we put forward the vibratory compaction value (VCV) index measured by a roller compactor, in order to evaluate the quality of continuously compacted subgrade. The relationships between the VCV index and the currently used indexes K30, Evd, Ev1 and Ev2, were explored by analyzing the experimental data collected from two test sections on the Beijing - Shanghai High-Speed Railway. The result shows that the VCV index has a linear relationship with the currently used indexes.展开更多
The First UMN-CAS Bilateral Seminar was successfully con- cluded with all the goals met. The meeting in Xi'an was informative, stimulating and enjoyable, thanks to the local host, Prof. Junji Cao, and his capable sta...The First UMN-CAS Bilateral Seminar was successfully con- cluded with all the goals met. The meeting in Xi'an was informative, stimulating and enjoyable, thanks to the local host, Prof. Junji Cao, and his capable staff. The Bilateral Seminar was organized by Prof. David Y.H. Pui of the University of Minnesota and Prof. Junji Cao of the Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sci- ences. It was attended by approximately 100 delegates from the University of Minnesota (UMN), the Center for Filtration Research (CFR), the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and other famous Chinese universities. We are grateful for the opening remarks given by UMN President Eric hai Li on behalf of President Kaler and CAS Vice President Jing- Chunli Bai.展开更多
[Objectives]The paper was to screen and identify the control effect of resistant rootstock on jujube witches broom disease.[Methods]The seeds or branches of disease-free plants were collected from wild jujube bushes i...[Objectives]The paper was to screen and identify the control effect of resistant rootstock on jujube witches broom disease.[Methods]The seeds or branches of disease-free plants were collected from wild jujube bushes infected by witches broom disease,and 5434 seedlings were obtained by sowing or cutting.The virus was inoculated by grafting diseased bark.After 6 years of preliminary screening,40 plants with resistance to jujube witches broom disease were obtained.Taking these resistant plants as the rootstocks,the susceptible variety‘long red jujube’was grafted at a height of 40 cm.When the plants grew to appropriate thickness,diseased bark was grafted to‘long red jujube’and rootstock to transmit the virus.After 18 years of observation and judgment,4 rootstock strains with high resistance or immunity to jujube witches broom disease were finally determined,namely 90801,90803,90806 and 908011.The susceptible variety‘long red jujube’was grafted to 4 rootstocks and inoculated the virus through diseased bark grafting method.[Results]The resistant rootstock had obvious disease resistance effect.When the branches of 90801 and 90803 rootstocks were grafted to the trunk of diseased trees,the symptoms of jujube witches broom disease gradually alleviated till disappeared.[Conclusions]Using germplasm with high resistance or immunity to jujube witches broom disease as rootstock can effectively prevent the spread of jujube witches broom disease,and bridging the trunk of diseased trees with branches from resistant rootstock has certain therapeutic effect.展开更多
This article expounds the vital role undertaken by telemetry in monitoring and assessment in flood control in China. By analyzing the data from their surveys, the authors give an all-round exposition of problems in th...This article expounds the vital role undertaken by telemetry in monitoring and assessment in flood control in China. By analyzing the data from their surveys, the authors give an all-round exposition of problems in the country’s drive for disaster reduction and propose countermeasures in the fight against the possible flood problems in the future.展开更多
基金Supported by 2024 Major Facility System Operating Costs of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs"Ledong Cashew Germplasm Resource Nursery Operating Cost of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs"2023-2024 Agricultural Germplasm Resource Conservation Project"Research on Collection,Conservation and Utilization of Cashew Germplasm Resources".
文摘In order to enhance the yield and quality of cashew,it is essential to implement high-yield cultivation techniques effectively throughout the production process.Additionally,pest control measures should be employed to provide technical support for the industrialized development of cashew.
文摘The article mainly studies the application strategy of automatic addressable single-lamp control technology in tunnel lighting.It encompasses an introduction to this technology,an analysis of the tunnel lighting system using automatic addressable single-lamp control technology,and outlines the main development direction for this technology in modern tunnel lighting.The aim is to offer insights that can inform the rational deployment of this technology,thereby enhancing the lighting control effectiveness in modern tunnels and meeting their specific lighting requirements more effectively.
文摘China's infrastructure has gradually achieved large-scale development,and transportation construction has also shifted from east to west,transitioning from plains to mountainous areas.High-fill embankments of different sizes in mountainous areas are unavoidable,and the settlement of high-fill embankments is usually the most concerned issue in high-fill projects.According to the current research of highway projects,most of the high embankments in mountainous areas are soil-rock mixed embankments or rock-filled embankments,and their post-construction settlements are directly related to construction technology and the type of filler used.In this paper,the problems in the settlement control of earth-filled embankment and related factors are analyzed in detail.The settlement control technology of high-fill embankment in high-cold and high-altitude areas is also discussed,so as to ensure the overall quality of high-fill embankment.
基金Funded by the National Key Basic Research and Development Plan(No.2012CB724601)the Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.BK 2008503)
文摘The phenolic emulsifiers used in emulsified asphalt of micro-surfacing, which was the most important tools in the road maintenance, were investigated by control technology. Many factors influencing this reaction were studied and three kinds of phenolic emulsifiers were prepared without catalyst in ethanol. The performance was researched that 2-({2-[2-(2-Amino-ethylamino)-ethylamino]-ethyl-amino}-methyl)-4- nonyl-phenol (abbreviated as TETA) could be used in micro-surface. With addition of 0.5 % demulsifier, the mixing time was extended to 120 seconds obviously, and the cohesion torque (60 min) was 2.8 N*m, which satisfied the opening traffic time shorter than 1 h. The wet track abrasion (6 d) was lower than 807 g/m2, with interracial modifier added, but the load wheel was increased with interfacial modifier increasing. When the TETA: demulsifier: interracial modifier =3:1:3, excellent performance was obtained and the experimental results met the International Slurry Surfacing Association (ISSA) standard. The synthesis process of this emulsifier is simple and the performance used in micro-surface was excellent, so this kind of emulsifier could have a better application future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52074296,52004286)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2020T130701,2019M650895)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.2022YJSNY18,2022XJNY02)。
文摘To ameliorate the defects of insufcient support resistance of traditional roadside flling bodies for gob-side entry retaining(GER),overcome the inability to adapt to the deformation of surrounding rock,and isolate the goaf efectively,a new type of high-water material as a roadside flling body for GER technology with double roadways was proposed.The instability analysis and control technology of GER with double roadways by flling high-water material into a gently inclined coal seam were studied.The basic mechanical properties of the new high-water material were investigated through laboratory experiments,and their main advantages were identifed.The reasonable width of the roadside flling wall of a high-water material was obtained by combining ground pressure observation and theoretical calculations.The distribution characteristics of the stress and plastic zone of surrounding rock of GER after being stabilized by the disturbance of the working face were studied using numerical simulations,and the failure range of GER by flling with high-water material was revealed.Based on this,a coupling control technology of anchor cables and bolts+single props+metal mesh+anchor bolts is proposed.Through the coupling methods of arranging borehole peeping and observing the convergences of surrounding rock,the results demonstrate that GER with double roadways by flling with a 1.8-m-wide high-water material has a good control efect.The above research will play an active role in promoting the application of high-water materials in GER roadside flling.
基金Supported by Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Resources Research and Utilization in Liupanshui(5202020170203)College Students Program of Liupanshui Normal University(LPSSY-DXS17054)
文摘Kiwifruit root rot is an important root disease of kiwifruit, which has occurred increasingly in recent years. The disease leads to the death of whole kiwifruit plant under severe condition, and has become an important disease restricting kiwi fruit industry development. The characteris-tics, occurrence, etiology and symptoms of kiwifruit root rot were introduced in the paper, and the prevention and control technology against the dis-ease were put forward from the aspects of agriculture, biology and chemistry.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Project of Science and Technology Department of Anhui Province in 2009"Research Topic on Bactrocera dorsalis"(09020303037)
文摘After systematic monitoring and field survey in orchard for three years from 2009 to 2011, it was found that Bactrocera dorsalis occurred for more than three generations each year on the north shore of the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River, with overlapping generations; the activity peak of adults was from mid August to late September; the occurrence in citrus orchard in hilly and mountainous area was severe; the average insect-fruit rate in October reached 0.20% - 15.88% ; B. dorsalis had sporadic occurrence in other orchards. The integrated control measures of plowing in winter to kill pupae, removing insect-fruits, boycott- ing on the ground, trapping by sex attraetants and spraying pesticides could basically control the damage of B. dorsalis.
文摘Surface roughness considerably influences the stamping and coating performance of the automotive plates;however,the surface roughness of the automotive plates is transferred from the roll during the rolling process.Therefore,the variation and control technology regarding the roughness of the automotive plates and rolls has drawn increasing attention from researchers in China and around the globe.In this study,the research methods,analytical techniques,prediction models,transfer rules,and control technologies regarding the surface roughness of the automotive plates and rolls were reviewed.Among these,an online measurement system for automotive-plate and roll surface roughness has been applied to the production lines of Germany,China,Belgium,Holland,Austria,and other countries and has achieved remarkable results.Online measurement and timely feedback regarding the automotive-plate and roll surface roughness are needed to ensure favorable conditions for the establishment of automotive-plate roughness-control measurement.
基金Supported by Key Research and Development Program of Zhenjiang City(NY2020017)Independent Innovation Project of Agricultural Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province(CX[21]2019).
文摘In order to actively develop green ecological strawberry, the authors have studied integrated microecological prevention and control technologies of strawberry continuous cropping diseases, including increasing soil biomass and solar high temperature disinfection during strawberry greenhouse leisure period in summer, biological fertilizer (agent) treatment before colonization, root irrigation treatment with biocontrol agent, as well as appropriate amount of fulvic acid and cytex after colonization, forming a supporting technical system for the microecological prevention and control of soil-borne diseases in facilities. The demonstration application in production shows that the technology has the functions of restoring and enhancing soil biological fertility, enriching beneficial microbial flora, antagonizing harmful bacteria, significantly promoting the growth and development of strawberry, reducing the incidence of soil-borne diseases, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, promoting the early ripening and high yield of strawberry, significantly improving the quality and flavor of strawberry, reducing the risk of pesticide residues, and boosting consumer confidence, which further improves the economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit, with good application prospect in production.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52304141 and 52074154)。
文摘The grouted bolt,combining rock bolting with grouting techniques,provides an effective solution for controlling the surrounding rock in deep soft rock and fractured roadways.It has been extensively applied in numerous deep mining areas characterized by soft rock roadways,where it has demonstrated remarkable control results.This article systematically explores the evolution of grouted bolting,covering its theoretical foundations,design methods,materials,construction processes,monitoring measures,and methods for assessing its effectiveness.The overview encompassed several key elements,delving into anchoring theory and grouting reinforcement theory.The new principle of high pretensioned high-pressure splitting grouted bolting collaborative active control is introduced.A fresh method for dynamic information design is also highlighted.The discussion touches on both conventional grouting rock bolts and cable bolts,as well as innovative grouted rock bolts and cables characterized by their high pretension,strength,and sealing hole pressure.An examination of the merits and demerits of standard inorganic and organic grouting materials versus the new inorganic–organic composite materials,including their specific application conditions,was conducted.Additionally,the article presents various methods and instruments to assess the support effect of grouting rock bolts,cable bolts,and grouting reinforcement.Furthermore,it provides a foundation for understanding the factors influencing decisions on grouted bolting timing,the sequence of grouting,the pressure applied,the volume of grout used,and the strategic arrangement of grouted rock bolts and cable bolts.The application of the high pretensioned high-pressure splitting grouted bolting collaborative control technology in a typical kilometer-deep soft rock mine in China—the soft coal seam and soft rock roadway in the Kouzidong coal mine,Huainan coal mining area,was introduced.Finally,the existing problems in grouted bolting control technology for deep soft rock roadways are analyzed,and the future development trend of grouted bolting control technology is anticipated.
文摘Automatic control technology is the basis of road robot improvement,according to the characteristics of construction equipment and functions,the research will be input type perception from positioning acquisition,real-world monitoring,the process will use RTK-GNSS positional perception technology,by projecting the left side of the earth from Gauss-Krueger projection method,and then carry out the Cartesian conversion based on the characteristics of drawing;steering control system is the core of the electric drive unmanned module,on the basis of the analysis of the composition of the steering system of unmanned engineering vehicles,the steering system key components such as direction,torque sensor,drive motor and other models are established,the joint simulation model of unmanned engineering vehicles is established,the steering controller is designed using the PID method,the simulation results show that the control method can meet the construction path demand for automatic steering.The path planning will first formulate the construction area with preset values and realize the steering angle correction during driving by PID algorithm,and never realize the construction-based path planning,and the results show that the method can control the straight path within the error of 10 cm and the curve error within 20 cm.With the collaboration of various modules,the automatic construction simulation results of this robot show that the design path and control method is effective.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51304017)National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the 12th Five-year Plan of China(2012BAF04B02)Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of China(FRF-SD-12-013B)
文摘Rectangular section control technology (RSCT) was introduced to achieve high-precision profile control during silicon steel rolling. The RSCT principle and method were designed, and the whole RSCT control strategy was developed. Specifically, RSCT included roll contour design, roiling technology optimization, and control strategy development, aiming at both hot strip mills (HSMs) and cold strip mills (CSMs). Firstly, through the high-performance variable crown (HVC) work roll optimization design in the upper-stream stands and the limited shifting technology for schedule-free rolling in the downstream stands of HSMs, a hot strip with a stable crown and limited wedge, :local spot, and single wave was obtained, which was suitable for cold rolling. Secondly, an approximately rectangular section was obtained by edge varying contact (EVC) work roll contour design, edge-drop setting control, and. closed loop control in the upper-stream, stands of CSMs. Moreover, complex-mode flatness control was realized by coordinating multiple shape-control methods in the downstream stands of CSMs. In addition, the RSCT approach was applied in several silicon-steel production plants, where an outsicanding performance and remarkable economic benefits were observed.
文摘This study examines the development of the fluid and control technology of hydraulic wind turbines. The current state of hydraulic wind turbines as a new technology is described, and its basic fluid model and typical control method are expounded by comparing various study results. Finally, the advantages of hydraulic wind turbines are enumerated. Hydraulic wind turbines are expected to become the main development direction of wind turbines.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan(No.2016YFC0208400).
文摘Based on the activity level and technical information of coal-fired power-generating units(CFPGU)obtained in China from 2011 to 2015,we,1)analyzed the time and spatial distribution of SO_(2) and NOx emission performance of CFPGUs in China;2)studied the impact of installed capacity,sulfur content of coal combustion,and unit operation starting time on CFPGUs’pollutant emission performance;and 3)proposed the SO_(2) and NOx emission performance standards for coal-fired power plants based on the best available control technology.Our results show that:1)the larger the capacity of a CFPGU,the higher the control level and the faster the improvement;2)the CFPGUs in the developed eastern regions had significantly lower SO_(2) and NOx emission performance values than those in other provinces due to better economic and technological development and higher environmental management levels;3)the SO_(2) and NOx emission performance of the Chinese thermal power industry was significantly affected by the single-unit capacity,coal sulfur content,and unit operation starting time;and 4)based on the achievability analysis of best available pollution control technology,we believe that the CFPGUs’SO_(2) emission performance reference values should be 0.34 g/kWh for active units in general areas,0.8 g/kWh for active units in high-sulfur coal areas,and 0.13 g/kWh for newly built units and active units in key areas.In addition,the NOx emission performance reference values should be 0.35 g/kWh for active units in general areas and 0.175 g/kWh for new units and active units in key areas.
基金The Scientific and Technology Researchand Development Program of Ministry of Railway of China(No.2008G005-A)the Fundamental Research Funds forthe Central Universities (No.SWJTU09BR042)
文摘On the basis of the theory of continuous compaction technology, we put forward the vibratory compaction value (VCV) index measured by a roller compactor, in order to evaluate the quality of continuously compacted subgrade. The relationships between the VCV index and the currently used indexes K30, Evd, Ev1 and Ev2, were explored by analyzing the experimental data collected from two test sections on the Beijing - Shanghai High-Speed Railway. The result shows that the VCV index has a linear relationship with the currently used indexes.
文摘The First UMN-CAS Bilateral Seminar was successfully con- cluded with all the goals met. The meeting in Xi'an was informative, stimulating and enjoyable, thanks to the local host, Prof. Junji Cao, and his capable staff. The Bilateral Seminar was organized by Prof. David Y.H. Pui of the University of Minnesota and Prof. Junji Cao of the Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sci- ences. It was attended by approximately 100 delegates from the University of Minnesota (UMN), the Center for Filtration Research (CFR), the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and other famous Chinese universities. We are grateful for the opening remarks given by UMN President Eric hai Li on behalf of President Kaler and CAS Vice President Jing- Chunli Bai.
基金Jujube Binzhou Comprehensive Test Station of China Agricultural Industry Research System(CARS30-ZZ-23).
文摘[Objectives]The paper was to screen and identify the control effect of resistant rootstock on jujube witches broom disease.[Methods]The seeds or branches of disease-free plants were collected from wild jujube bushes infected by witches broom disease,and 5434 seedlings were obtained by sowing or cutting.The virus was inoculated by grafting diseased bark.After 6 years of preliminary screening,40 plants with resistance to jujube witches broom disease were obtained.Taking these resistant plants as the rootstocks,the susceptible variety‘long red jujube’was grafted at a height of 40 cm.When the plants grew to appropriate thickness,diseased bark was grafted to‘long red jujube’and rootstock to transmit the virus.After 18 years of observation and judgment,4 rootstock strains with high resistance or immunity to jujube witches broom disease were finally determined,namely 90801,90803,90806 and 908011.The susceptible variety‘long red jujube’was grafted to 4 rootstocks and inoculated the virus through diseased bark grafting method.[Results]The resistant rootstock had obvious disease resistance effect.When the branches of 90801 and 90803 rootstocks were grafted to the trunk of diseased trees,the symptoms of jujube witches broom disease gradually alleviated till disappeared.[Conclusions]Using germplasm with high resistance or immunity to jujube witches broom disease as rootstock can effectively prevent the spread of jujube witches broom disease,and bridging the trunk of diseased trees with branches from resistant rootstock has certain therapeutic effect.
文摘This article expounds the vital role undertaken by telemetry in monitoring and assessment in flood control in China. By analyzing the data from their surveys, the authors give an all-round exposition of problems in the country’s drive for disaster reduction and propose countermeasures in the fight against the possible flood problems in the future.