Based on the detailed analysis of the third coke oven in BaoSteel, a feedbackcontrol strategy of longitudinal temperature and finished carbonization time of coke ovens wasproposed and it was applied to the third coke ...Based on the detailed analysis of the third coke oven in BaoSteel, a feedbackcontrol strategy of longitudinal temperature and finished carbonization time of coke ovens wasproposed and it was applied to the third coke oven in BaoSteel. As a result, the ratio of theinstance that the absolute deviation of the longitudinal temperature is within +- 7 deg C and thefinished carbonization time within +- 10 min is more than 80 percent, having acquired the patentsaving effect of an energy consumption lowered by 2.92 percent. At the same time, it can provide anexample for the same coke ovens inside and outside the nation.展开更多
Taking a specific production process as an example, this paper introduces the design of multi slot and unequal temperature PID controller based on single chip microcomputer. The mathematical implementation method...Taking a specific production process as an example, this paper introduces the design of multi slot and unequal temperature PID controller based on single chip microcomputer. The mathematical implementation method of PID algorithm and the design method of the hardware and software are discussed, The principle diagram of the hardware circuit implementing the control algorithm and the features of the software possessed are also presented.展开更多
In order to deliver medical products (medicines, vaccines, blood packs, etc.) in time for needed areas, a method of transporting goods using drones is being studied. However, temperature-sensitive medical products may...In order to deliver medical products (medicines, vaccines, blood packs, etc.) in time for needed areas, a method of transporting goods using drones is being studied. However, temperature-sensitive medical products may decay due to outside temperature changes. The time required to transport over the distance may vary a lot as well. As a result, the likelihood of the goods deteriorating is very high. There is a need for a study on cargo bay to prevent this and to protect the medical goods. In this paper, in order to protect the temperature sensitive medical goods, the inside cargo bay is equipped with the cooling fan device and the electric heating elements. These elements can be monitored and controlled according to the user’s discretion. By using the web server built inside the cloud server, the temperature can be controlled in real-time from anywhere without the limitation of distance. We built the proposed device, and installed it on the drone cargo bay. The test results show that the cargo bay can be temperature-controlled, and the setting can be maintained over a great distance. The user can watch the temperature variations during the transport and ascertain the goodness of the medical supply with the data. It is expected that such development can greatly enhance the utility of the drone operations, especially for the medical supply transport applications.展开更多
We study the thermal effect on skin exposed to an electromagnetic beam of time-dependent power. We consider two types of beam power time schedules. In the controlled temperature exposure, the skin surface temperature ...We study the thermal effect on skin exposed to an electromagnetic beam of time-dependent power. We consider two types of beam power time schedules. In the controlled temperature exposure, the skin surface temperature is increased quickly to a prescribed level using a high beam power;then the surface temperature is maintained at the prescribed level by adjusting the beam power adaptively. In the constant power exposure, the applied beam power is relatively low and stays unchanged over the time. We start both types of exposures at the same time and compare their internal temperatures of skin when they have the same surface temperature. In a non-dimensionalized formulation, we show that at the moment when both exposure types reach the same prescribed surface temperature level, the controlled temperature exposure has a higher internal temperature at all depths. This conclusion is mathematically rigorous and is independent of skin material properties.展开更多
Any change in technical or environmental conditions of observations may result in bias from the precise values of observed climatic variables. The common name of these biases is inhomogeneity (IH). IHs usually appear ...Any change in technical or environmental conditions of observations may result in bias from the precise values of observed climatic variables. The common name of these biases is inhomogeneity (IH). IHs usually appear in a form of sudden shift or gradual trends in the time series of any variable, and the timing of the shift indicates the date of change in the conditions of observation. The seasonal cycle of radiation intensity often causes marked seasonal cycle in the IHs of observed temperature time series, since a substantial portion of them has direct or indirect connection to radiation changes in the micro-environment of the thermometer. Therefore the magnitudes of temperature IHs tend to be larger in summer than in winter. A new homogenisation method (ACMANT) has recently been developed which treats in a special way the seasonal changes of IH-sizes in temperature time series. The ACMANT is a further development of the Caussinus-Mestre method, that is one of the most effective tool among the known homogenising methods. The ACMANT applies a bivariate test for searching the timings of IHs, the two variables are the annual mean temperature and the amplitude of seasonal temperature-cycle. The ACMANT contains several further innovations whose efficiencies are tested with the benchmark of the COST ES0601 project. The paper describes the properties and the operation of ACMANT and presents some verification results. The results show that the ACMANT has outstandingly high performance. The ACMANT is a recommended method for homogenising networks of monthly temperature time series that observed in mid- or high geographical latitudes, because the harmonic seasonal cycle of IH-size is valid for these time series only.展开更多
Combining oven controlled technique,digital compensation,high-resolution frequency difference measurement and self-calibration technique,a new design method of precise oven controlled crystal oscillator（OCXO） is pro...Combining oven controlled technique,digital compensation,high-resolution frequency difference measurement and self-calibration technique,a new design method of precise oven controlled crystal oscillator（OCXO） is proposed.Fine compensation is made in the vicinity of the crystal temperature inflection point by using the non-real-time temperature compensation strategy,and self-calibration system is integrated in the crystal.The method improves the digital compensated phase noise,simplifies the traditional OCXO development system,reduces the cost and shortens the developing cycle.Experiment results show that with a standard reference signal and self-calibration updated data,the oscillator can work stable and achieve its best performence.The performance index of crystal oscillator had an improvement with one to two orders of magnitude on the basis of original technical index.The method is widely used in the improvement of high-end crystal oscillator and atomic clock.展开更多
The real-time measurement of welding temperature field by colorimetric method is described, and with the data acquired from it closed-loop control system of the parameters of temperature field is developed and tested....The real-time measurement of welding temperature field by colorimetric method is described, and with the data acquired from it closed-loop control system of the parameters of temperature field is developed and tested. Experimental results prove that it has high measurement speed (time of a field within 0.5 s) and good dynamic response quality. Weld penetration can be controlled satifactorily under unstable welding condition.展开更多
文摘Based on the detailed analysis of the third coke oven in BaoSteel, a feedbackcontrol strategy of longitudinal temperature and finished carbonization time of coke ovens wasproposed and it was applied to the third coke oven in BaoSteel. As a result, the ratio of theinstance that the absolute deviation of the longitudinal temperature is within +- 7 deg C and thefinished carbonization time within +- 10 min is more than 80 percent, having acquired the patentsaving effect of an energy consumption lowered by 2.92 percent. At the same time, it can provide anexample for the same coke ovens inside and outside the nation.
文摘Taking a specific production process as an example, this paper introduces the design of multi slot and unequal temperature PID controller based on single chip microcomputer. The mathematical implementation method of PID algorithm and the design method of the hardware and software are discussed, The principle diagram of the hardware circuit implementing the control algorithm and the features of the software possessed are also presented.
文摘In order to deliver medical products (medicines, vaccines, blood packs, etc.) in time for needed areas, a method of transporting goods using drones is being studied. However, temperature-sensitive medical products may decay due to outside temperature changes. The time required to transport over the distance may vary a lot as well. As a result, the likelihood of the goods deteriorating is very high. There is a need for a study on cargo bay to prevent this and to protect the medical goods. In this paper, in order to protect the temperature sensitive medical goods, the inside cargo bay is equipped with the cooling fan device and the electric heating elements. These elements can be monitored and controlled according to the user’s discretion. By using the web server built inside the cloud server, the temperature can be controlled in real-time from anywhere without the limitation of distance. We built the proposed device, and installed it on the drone cargo bay. The test results show that the cargo bay can be temperature-controlled, and the setting can be maintained over a great distance. The user can watch the temperature variations during the transport and ascertain the goodness of the medical supply with the data. It is expected that such development can greatly enhance the utility of the drone operations, especially for the medical supply transport applications.
文摘We study the thermal effect on skin exposed to an electromagnetic beam of time-dependent power. We consider two types of beam power time schedules. In the controlled temperature exposure, the skin surface temperature is increased quickly to a prescribed level using a high beam power;then the surface temperature is maintained at the prescribed level by adjusting the beam power adaptively. In the constant power exposure, the applied beam power is relatively low and stays unchanged over the time. We start both types of exposures at the same time and compare their internal temperatures of skin when they have the same surface temperature. In a non-dimensionalized formulation, we show that at the moment when both exposure types reach the same prescribed surface temperature level, the controlled temperature exposure has a higher internal temperature at all depths. This conclusion is mathematically rigorous and is independent of skin material properties.
文摘Any change in technical or environmental conditions of observations may result in bias from the precise values of observed climatic variables. The common name of these biases is inhomogeneity (IH). IHs usually appear in a form of sudden shift or gradual trends in the time series of any variable, and the timing of the shift indicates the date of change in the conditions of observation. The seasonal cycle of radiation intensity often causes marked seasonal cycle in the IHs of observed temperature time series, since a substantial portion of them has direct or indirect connection to radiation changes in the micro-environment of the thermometer. Therefore the magnitudes of temperature IHs tend to be larger in summer than in winter. A new homogenisation method (ACMANT) has recently been developed which treats in a special way the seasonal changes of IH-sizes in temperature time series. The ACMANT is a further development of the Caussinus-Mestre method, that is one of the most effective tool among the known homogenising methods. The ACMANT applies a bivariate test for searching the timings of IHs, the two variables are the annual mean temperature and the amplitude of seasonal temperature-cycle. The ACMANT contains several further innovations whose efficiencies are tested with the benchmark of the COST ES0601 project. The paper describes the properties and the operation of ACMANT and presents some verification results. The results show that the ACMANT has outstandingly high performance. The ACMANT is a recommended method for homogenising networks of monthly temperature time series that observed in mid- or high geographical latitudes, because the harmonic seasonal cycle of IH-size is valid for these time series only.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10978017)the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Time and Frequency Primary Standards (CAS)+2 种基金the Postdoctoral Grant of China (94469)the Basic and Advanced Technology Research Foundation of Hennan Province (122300410169)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘Combining oven controlled technique,digital compensation,high-resolution frequency difference measurement and self-calibration technique,a new design method of precise oven controlled crystal oscillator（OCXO） is proposed.Fine compensation is made in the vicinity of the crystal temperature inflection point by using the non-real-time temperature compensation strategy,and self-calibration system is integrated in the crystal.The method improves the digital compensated phase noise,simplifies the traditional OCXO development system,reduces the cost and shortens the developing cycle.Experiment results show that with a standard reference signal and self-calibration updated data,the oscillator can work stable and achieve its best performence.The performance index of crystal oscillator had an improvement with one to two orders of magnitude on the basis of original technical index.The method is widely used in the improvement of high-end crystal oscillator and atomic clock.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 59475064) and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province.
文摘The real-time measurement of welding temperature field by colorimetric method is described, and with the data acquired from it closed-loop control system of the parameters of temperature field is developed and tested. Experimental results prove that it has high measurement speed (time of a field within 0.5 s) and good dynamic response quality. Weld penetration can be controlled satifactorily under unstable welding condition.
