Controllably Coupling Superconducting Charge and Flux Qubits by Using Nanomechanical Resonator

We propose an effective mechanism to couple superconducting charge and flux qubits by using a quantized nanomechanical resonator. The coupling between the charge and flux qubits can be controlled by the external flux of the charge qubit. Under the strong coupling limR, an iSWAP gate can be generated by this scheme. The experimental feasibility in our scheme is also presented.

Controlling of the Polarization States of Electromagnetic Waves Using Epsilon-near-Zero Metamaterials

We demonstrate theoretically that the epsilon-near-zero materials can be utilized to control effectively the polarization conversion of an electromagnetic wave through reflection. The significant feature differing from all other means based on whatever natural materials or metamaterials is that for TM incident wave, the reflected phase is a constant, while for TE wave, the reflected phase is a linear function of the incident angle. The phase difference between them covers the range from -180°to 0°, and the polarization conversions from linear states to elliptical or circular states can be obtained by only adjusting the incident angle. Because no complex structures are employed, our proposal promises a simple approach for manipulating polarization conversion at both terahertz and optical frequencies.

Controllable Fabrication of GeSi Nanowires in Diameter of About 10 nm Using the Top-Down Approach

Ordered GeSi nanowires with a ～ 10nm cross section are fabricated utilizing top-down and Ge condensation techniques. In transmission electron microscopy measurements, the obtained GeSi nanowires exhibit a single-crystal structure and a smooth Ge/SiO2 interface. Due to the linear relationship between the cross-section area and the initial pattern size under the self-limited oxidation condition, the cross-section size of GeSi nanowires can be precisely controlled. The Raman spectra reveal a high Ge fraction （up to 97%） and a biaxial strain of the GeSi nanowires. This top-down technique is promising for fabrication of high-performance GeSi nanowire based optoelectronic devices.

Control Effects of Bacillus subtilis DJ-6 and Pyraclostrobin Alone and in Combination Against Fusarium oxysporum

[Objective] This study was conducted to screen a synergistic biological fungicide complex to control Fusarium wilt, reducing the use of chemical pesticides. [Method] The inhibitory effects of Bacil us subtilis DJ-6 and pyraclostrobin alone or in combination at five ratios against Fusarium oxysporum were detected by mea-suring mycelium growth rate in laboratory tests. The growth promotion and disease control effect of combined or single use of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2 ×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP at 1∶1 000, 1∶2 000 and 1∶3 000 dilutions were detected in field trials. [Result] The EC50 values of combined use of B. subtilis DJ-6 and pyra-clostrobin at ratios of 1∶1, 1∶2, 1∶3, 1∶4 and 1∶5 against F. oxysporum were 5.311 5, 4.008 6, 3.570 6, 3.350 9 and 3.218 9 μg/ml, with the synergistic ratios （SR） of 2.28, 1.77, 1.53, 1.64, 1.11, among which the synergetic effect at 1∶1 was the best. The fungicidal activity of pyraclostrobin was greater than that of B. subtilis DJ-6 in laboratory tests. Field trials revealed that al the 1∶1 000, 1∶2 000 and 1∶3 000 dilu-tions of 20% pyraclostrobin·2×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP in combination, 1∶1 000 dilution of 1 ×1012 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP and 1∶2 000 dilution of 250 g/L pyra-clostrobin EC promoted the growth of strawberry by increasing plant height, leaf petiole, leaf blade area and stem diameter. Among them, the treatments with 1∶1 000 and 1∶2 000 of 20% pyraclostrobin · 2×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP in combina-tion had better effects than other treatments. The control effects of al the treat-ments were measured 30 and 80 d after fungicide application. The control effects of 1∶1 000 dilution of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 in combina-tion were up to 100% and 93.11%, which were higher than those in al other treat-ments. The second highest control effects were found in the treatment with 1∶ 2 000 dilution of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 in combination, they were 92.49% and 86.49%, higher than those in other treatments except the 1∶1 000 dilution of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2 ×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 in combination. The control effects of 1∶3 000 dilution of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 in combination were 82.61% and 72.42%, higher than those in treatment with 1∶1 000 dilution of 1×1012 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP, but lower than those in treat-ment with 1∶2 000 dilution of 25% pyraclostrobin EC. [Conclusion] Al the results re-vealed that the combination use of 20% pyraclostrobin and 2 ×1011 cfu/g B. subtilis DJ-6 WP at 1∶1 000 to 1∶2 000 dilution had better control effect against strawberry Fusarium wilt.

Fuzzy Controller Used to Protect Collision

A FC-1B type fuzzy controller used to protect collision in automobile running has heen devel-oped by Computer Institute, North Technological University. This facility has been authenticatedby specialists. This is a sci-tech fruit which integrates the hardware and software from fuzzy con-trol and artificial intelligence. This technique adopts initiative r-ime ultrasonic range-findingprobe, rapid fuzzy control algorithm, fuzzy discern and fuzzy decision etc. This technique is adapt-

Assessing the Effect of Natural Controls and Land Use Change on Sediment Yield in a Major Andean River:The Magdalena Drainage Basin,Colombia

马格达莱纳河是哥伦比亚安第斯山区的一个世界级的河流网络，该河流年产沙量约为150Mt，是全世界10大主要产沙河流之一。在本研究中，我们探讨主要自然因子和人类活动对马格达莱纳河流域产沙模式的影响，重建该区森林砍伐和农业活动时空模式，探讨土地利用变化与产沙趋势的关系。我们的研究结果表明，整个马格达莱纳河流域的产沙量可以用自然变量（包括径流量和最大河水流量）来解释。这两个因子解释了产沙量58％的变化。含沙率和土地利用的时间分析表明，在过去10～20年里流域侵蚀呈现增加的趋势。许多人类活动的影响，包括森林覆被在20年里减小了近40％．农业和牧场增加了65％、土壤保持差、开矿活动，以及城市化的加速，都促进了该地区域尺度上产沙量的增加。

Fairness in Olympic sports:How can we control the increasing complexity of doping use in high performance sports?

With the Rio Olympics just a few months past,we remember the excitement,the incredible performances,and the controversies.As happens so often,the Olympic Games focus attention not only on athletic achievements but also on how athletes may reach ever-increasing levels of performance.Doping,medical

Citrus-based essential oils could be used for dengue vector mosquitoes control

Dear Editor The mosquitoes Aedes aegypli(I,) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse)(Diptera:Culicidae) are important vectors of dengue fever in tropical and subtropical parts of the world. Chemical control has been considered as an effective tool for their management in different areas of the world.However, injudicious use of the chemicals result in environmental pollution,ill effects to humans and other animals,and the development of insecticide resistance,which ultimately limits the efficacy of many insecticides!’].Essential oils can be used for mosquito control with no harmful effects to the ecosystem and non-target organisms.Essentials oils from different plants have been found very

The Use and Exchange of Biological Control Agents for Food and Agriculture

The report sets out to summarize the past and current situation regarding the practice of biologicalcontrol inrelationtothe use and exchange of genetic resources relevant for BCAs.It considers the twomain categories of biological control:classical and augmentative.Allowing access to BCAs for use inanother country imposes no risk of liability to the source country.Local scientific knowledge abouthabitats,fauna andflora,can be

Creation of radially polarized optical fields with multiple controllable parameters using a vectorial optical field generator

A vectorial optical field generator(VOF-Gen) based on two reflective phase-only liquid crystal spatial light modulators enables the creation of an arbitrary optical complex field. In this work, the capabilities of the VOF-Gen in terms of manipulating the spatial distributions of phase, amplitude, and polarization are experimentally demonstrated by generating a radially polarized optical field consisted of five annular rings, the focusing properties of which are also numerically studied with vectorial diffraction theory. By carefully adjusting the relative amplitude and phase between the adjacent rings, an optical needle field with purely longitudinal polarization can be produced in the focal region of a high numerical aperture lens. The versatile method presented in this work can be easily extended to the generation of a vectorial optical field with any desired complex distributions.

Control of sound radiation from vibrating structure using active constrained layer: Ⅱ. Numerical calculation

The solution to the state response of active constrained layer and the expression of the sound field radiated from the vibrating structure are given, and the damping mechanisms of active constrained layer (ACL) are discussed. Compaxisons are made with the passive constrained layer (PCL) and the traditional active control method in reducing the structural vibration. The numerical results indicate that: using the active constrained layer damping (ACLD) treatment to dissipate energyt not only the vibration amplitude of structtire is reduced, but also the sound radiated from vibrating structure is suppressed

Controlling nonadiabatic spectral redshift of high-order harmonic using two orthogonally polarized laser fields

We investigate the nonadiabatic spectral redshift of high-order harmonic of He driven by two time-delayed orthogonally polarized laser fields. It is found that the nonadiabatic spectral redshift can be observed by properly adjusting the time delay of the two laser fields when the controlling pulse is added in the raising part of the driving pulse in the vertical direction. That is because the controlling pulse in the vertical direction prevents the ionized electrons from returning to the vicinity of parent ions and then reduces the recombination probability. This leads to the high-order harmonic generated mainly in the falling part of the driving pulse. Meanwhile,we also find that the quantity of redshift can be effectively controlled through accommodating the positive time delays. In addition, this scheme can also be used to produce nonadiabatic spectral blueshift.

A Study of the Improvement of Planning Systems for Land Use Control in Agricultural Heritage Sites

The number of GIAHS sites is increasing these days and will continue to do so gradually in East Asian countries including Korea,China and Japan.As a result,conservation of heritage sites is more and more important,especially in Korea.Dealing with issues surrounding land use conflicts are important for conservation of heritages in order to harmonize between conservation and development to prevent reckless development.This study aims to identify measures for land use management and control to allow for sustainable development around agricultural heritage system sites.The results point to the importance of public-private partnerships and local ordinance systems or comprehensive planning of land use controls for agricultural heritage system sites.

USE OF CELL-BASED BIOASSAY FOR THE QUALITY CONTROL OF BOTANICAL THERAPEUTICS

The single most important factor in modernization efforts of traditional oriental medicines is the limited understanding of active compounds responsible for claimed therapeutic effects.Indeed,the unknown identity of biologically active molecules generates major difficulties associated with botanical therapeutics in general.This includes management of raw materials,poor understanding of