The Effect of Procrastination on Physical Exercise among College Students—The Chain Effect of Exercise Commitment and Action Control

Background:Exercise procrastination is prevalent among college students,causing decline in physical fitness.It is imperative to investigate the mechanism affecting college students’physical activity behaviors.This study was aimed at investigating the effect of procrastination on college students’physical exercise behavior,and the chain mediation effects of exercise commitment and action control(AC),to provide a theoretical basis for interventions targeting physical exercise behavior among college students.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted using convenience sampling.The General Procrastination Scale,Exercise Commitment Scale,Action Control Scale,and Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 questionnaires were used.Participants were 581 college students(age 19.27±0.94 years;243 males and 338 females).Statistical methods of regression analysis and structural equation modeling(SEM)were applied.Results:Procrastination,exercise commitment,and action control were found to be significant predictors of physical exercise behavior.Among these predictors,exercise commitment and action control showed full mediation effects in the relationship between procrastination and physical exercise behavior,and explained 25.48%and 30.77%of the total variance,respectively.The chain mediation effect of exercise commitment-action control was significant,accounting for 22.60%of the total variance,and the total indirect effect was 79.33%.Conclusion:Therefore,higher procrastination was associated with less participation in physical exercise behavior among college students.Improvements in exercise commitment and volitional decision-making ability for physical exercise behavior promoted physical exercise behavior,and increased exercise commitment promoted volitional decision-making ability among the students.The chain reaction effect of exercise commitment and action control also buffered the negative effects of procrastination on physical exercise behavior,thereby increasing physical exercise behavior among college students.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists:Exploring the mechanisms from glycemic control to treatment of multisystemic diseases

This editorial takes a deeper look at the insights provided by Soresi and Giannitrapani,which examined the therapeutic potential of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease.We provide supplementary insights to their research,highlighting the broader systemic implications of GLP-1RAs,synthesizing the current understanding of their mechanisms and the trajectory of research in this field.GLP-1RAs are revolutionizing the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and beyond.Beyond glycemic control,GLP-1RAs demonstrate cardiovascular and renal protective effects,offering potential in managing diabetic kidney disease alongside renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors.Their role in bone metabolism hints at benefits for diabetic osteoporosis,while the neuroprotective properties of GLP-1RAs show promise in Alzheimer's disease treatment by modulating neuronal insulin signaling.Additionally,they improve hormonal and metabolic profiles in polycystic ovary syndrome.This editorial highlights the multifaceted mechanisms of GLP-1RAs,emphasizing the need for ongoing research to fully realize their therapeutic potential across a range of multisystemic diseases.

Deadlock-free Supervisor Design for Robotic Manufacturing Cells With Uncontrollable and Unobservable Events

In this paper,a deadlock prevention policy for robotic manufacturing cells with uncontrollable and unobservable events is proposed based on a Petri net formalism.First,a Petri net for the deadlock control of such systems is defined.Its admissible markings and first-met inadmissible markings(FIMs)are introduced.Next,place invariants are designed via an integer linear program(ILP)to survive all admissible markings and prohibit all FIMs,keeping the underlying system from reaching deadlocks,livelocks,bad markings,and the markings that may evolve into them by firing uncontrollable transitions.ILP also ensures that the obtained deadlock-free supervisor does not observe any unobservable transition.In addition,the supervisor is guaranteed to be admissible and structurally minimal in terms of both control places and added arcs.The condition under which the supervisor is maximally permissive in behavior is given.Finally,experimental results with the proposed method and existing ones are given to show its effectiveness.

Action Control of Soccer Robots Based on Simulated Human Intelligence

A multi-modal action control approach is proposed for an autonomous soccer robot when the bottom hardware is unchangeable. Different from existing methods, the proposed control approach defines actions with the principle of ＂perception-planning-action＂ inspired by human intelligence. Character extraction is used to divide the perception input into different modes. Different control modes are built by combining different control methods for the linear velocity and angular velocity. Based on production rules, the motion control is realized by connecting different perceptions to the corresponding control mode. Simulation and real experiments are conducted with the middle-sized robot Frontier-I, and the proposed method is compared with a proportional-integral-derivative （PID） control method to display its feasibility and performance. The results show that the multi-modal action control method can make robots react rapidly in a dynamic environment.

Application of Statistical Process Control for Setting Action Thresholds as Quality Assurance of Dose Verifications in External Beam Radiotherapy

Purpose: To test the concept of Statistical Process Control (SPC) as a Quality Assurance (QA) procedure for dose verifications in external beam radiation therapy in conventional and 3D Conformal Radiotherapy (3D-CRT) treatment of cervical cancer. Materials and Methods: A study of QA verification of target doses of 198 cervical cancer patients undergoing External Beam Radiotherapy (EBRT) treatments at two different cancer treatment centers in Kenya was conducted. The target doses were determined from measured entrance doses by the diode in vivo dosimetry. Process Behavior Charts (PBC) developed by SPC were applied for setting Action Thresholds (AT) on the target doses. The AT set was then proposed as QA limits for acceptance or rejection of verified target doses overtime of the EBRT process. Result and Discussion: Target doses for the 198 patients were calculated and SPC applied to test whether the action limits set by the Process Behavior Charts could be applied as QA for verified doses in EBRT. Results for the two sub-groups of n = 3 and n = 4 that were tested produced action thresholds which are within clinical dose specifications for both conventional AP/PA and 3D-CRT EBRT treatment techniques for cervical cancer. Conclusion: Action thresholds set by SPC were within the clinical dose specification of ±5% uncertainty for both conventional AP/PA and 3D-CRT EBRT treatment techniques for cervical cancer. So the concept of SPC could be applied in setting QA action limits for dose verifications in EBRT.

On the Generalization of Integrator and Integral Control Action

This paper provides a solution to generalize the integrator and the integral control action. It is achieved by defining two function sets to generalize the integrator and the integral control action, respectively, resorting to a stabilizing controller and adopting Lyapunov method to analyze the stability of the closed-loop system. By originating a powerful Lyapunov function, a universal theorem to ensure regionally as well as semi-globally asymptotic stability is established by some bounded information. Consequently, the justification of two propositions on the generalization of integrator and integral control action is verified. Moreover, the conditions used to define the function sets can be viewed as a class of sufficient conditions to design the integrator and the integral control action, respectively.

中国大气污染防治政策与空气污染治理——基于城市级面板数据的实证研究

2013年颁布实施的《大气污染防治行动计划》是我国首个针对环境突出问题开展综合治理的行动计划;为巩固治理效果,应对动态变化的环境问题,2018年国务院进一步发布了《打赢蓝天保卫战三年行动计划》。研究利用中国258个城市2013年1月至2020年9月日度空气污染数据,实证检验了上述两阶段政策对空气质量的影响,并从不同污染物治理效果、时间和区域异质性等角度分析了政策效应的差异。结果指出:第一,“大气十条”和“蓝天保卫战”均显著降低了AQI、PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_(2)、NO_(2)、CO;第二,相比“大气十条”,“蓝天保卫战”对NO_(2)的减排效应更高,且实现对O_(3)的协同治理;第三,“大气十条”和“蓝天保卫战”对各污染物的减排效应因供暖时期、地区能源资源禀赋呈现出较强的异质性特征。

柔翼结构飞行器智能控制系统关键技术与途径

柔翼结构飞行器具有轻质、空间集成、重复使用、有较大的阻力面积和升力系数等优点,可实现巡航飞行、低速驻空、再入返回、气动减速、定点归航、着陆缓冲等功能,是当前的研究热点。智能控制系统是柔翼结构飞行器飞航与回收着陆系统的核心技术之一,结合智能技术在控制系统中的应用研究与工程实践,对柔翼结构飞行器智能控制系统及其技术特征进行了分析;介绍了刚-柔组合体一体化控制与仿真、环境感知与健康状态在线评估、航迹规划与跟踪飞行控制、集群飞行控制、着陆与缓冲智能控制、智能硬件容错与重构等关键技术。对柔翼结构飞行器智能控制系统的未来发展进行了思考,提出了飞行环境的智能及柔性感知、气动参数的在线识别、多任务模式自主执行及控制系统的演进学习等发展建议,通过对智能控制技术持续不断地研究与实践,为柔翼结构飞行器系统的研制提供强有力的支撑。

瑶药小钻的特征图谱及其安五脂素含量和抗炎活性研究

目的 建立瑶药小钻特征图谱及其主要成分安五脂素含量测定方法,并评价安五脂素抗炎活性。方法 采用高效液相色谱法,以乙腈-0.5%磷酸溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2012版)》建立小钻药材的特征图谱和进行相似度评价,并测定小钻中安五脂素含量。以脂多糖诱导的RAW264.7巨噬细胞为炎症细胞模型,考察安五脂素对细胞上清液中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、IL-6水平的影响。结果 10批小钻样品的特征图谱相似度为0.901~0.994;标定了9个共有峰,指认了3个成分,分别为长南五味子素E、南五味子内酯A、安五脂素;安五脂素的含量为(0.72±0.05)~(1.21±0.03)mg/g(n=3)。0.125~0.5μg/mL的安五脂素可显著降低炎症模型细胞上清液中TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6水平(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论 建立了小钻药材HPLC特征图谱及其安五脂素含量测定方法;安五脂素可能是小钻药材发挥抗炎作用的有效成分。

基于措施优先级的失效模式和效应分析在结直肠术手术部位感染防控中的应用

目的评估结直肠手术后手术部位感染(SSI)防控措施执行的过程风险,探讨基于措施优先级的失效模式和效应分析(FMEA)的应用效果。方法应用基于措施优先级的FMEA评估结直肠手术后SSI防控措施执行的整个流程,对是否采取优化措施进行优先级排序,比较FMEA实施前后结直肠手术SSI防控措施依从项达标率、SSI发病率。结果评估后SSI高优先级防控措施7项,中优先级22项,对中优先级措施加强控制,重点对高优先级措施制定进一步的预防和可探测措施。改进后再评价结果显示,7项高优先级措施降至中优先级;16项中优先级措施降至低优先级。SSI防控措施执行达标率由77.15%(2566/3326)提高至92.47%(3096/3348),SSI发病率由6.04%(58/960)降至2.54%(60/2364)。结论运用基于措施优先级的FMEA可对结直肠手术SSI防控过程进行有效风险评估,并结合现状针对性采用预防性风险控制措施,可降低结直肠手术SSI发病率。

小偏差永磁同步电机双矢量模型预测控制

传统的永磁同步电机双矢量模型预测控制的合成电压矢量与参考电压矢量的偏差较大,且存在计算量大、开关频率高的缺点,在实际工况中难以实现良好的控制性能。为了解决上述问题,提出一种小偏差永磁同步电机双矢量模型预测控制策略,通过分析参考电压矢量的变化规律,构造新的电压矢量选择表,将电压矢量的选择范围从六个降为三个,减小计算量的同时也降低了开关频率;针对传统的作用时间计算方法存在的问题,提出基于偏差最小原则的作用时间计算方法,并详细证明了该方法的优越性。仿真和实验结果显示,所提出的方法能够有效减小计算量和降低开关频率,同时具有较好的稳态和动态性能。

基于角色建模的运动员动作动画交互演示方法

为了更好地展示动画交互效果,提升用户的体验感,提出基于角色建模的运动员动作动画交互演示方法。基于人体骨骼模型和骨骼蒙皮实现角色建模,建立三维场景,为人物活动提供虚拟环境。通过PD控制器实现对角色模型的行为控制,虚拟交互技术则实现了动画制作交互式演示。实验结果表明:该研究方法能够较好地完成人体动作交互演示,并通过交互演示延迟时间验证,证明该方法应用下的交互演示灵敏度实现了研究的预期目标。

蒲公英化学成分和药理作用研究进展及其质量标志物预测分析

蒲公英Taraxaci Herba是我国药食同源中药材之一。蒲公英化学成分类型丰富,药理作用应用广泛,现代研究表明,蒲公英中富含黄酮类、酚酸类、萜类、糖类、甾醇类、脂肪酸类、色素类等多种化学成分,具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、保肝利胆、抑菌、抗氧化、调节免疫等多重作用功效。通过文献汇总,对蒲公英化学成分和药理作用最新研究进展进行整理总结,并运用质量标志物(quality marker,Q-Marker)核心理念,围绕植物亲缘学及化学成分特有性,成分与药性和药效的关系以及化学成分可测性四个角度,并结合分子对接模拟分析方法,对蒲公英质量标志物预测分析。归纳出咖啡酸、绿原酸、芦丁、槲皮素、蒲公英甾醇、蒲公英多糖等成分可作为蒲公英主要的质量标志物的候选成分,为完善蒲公英质量标准提供依据,以期为蒲公英科学合理的质量控制以及后续的深入研究利用提供参考。

“大气污染物和温室气体协同控制”政策的实施效果研究

推动减污降碳协同增效是深入打好污染防治攻坚战,实现碳达峰的必然要求。将《大气污染防治行动计划》和《打赢蓝天保卫战三年行动计划》视为一个连贯政策,运用渐进双重差分法探究了于2015和2018年提出的“大气污染物和温室气体协同控制”政策实施效果。研究表明:“大气污染物和温室气体协同控制”政策显著提高了“SO_(2)-CO_(2)”排放强度协同度和“PM-CO_(2)”排放量(强度)协同度,但该政策对“SO_(2)-CO_(2)”排放量协同度无显著影响。机制分析表明,提升政府监管水平、弱化政企关系以及增强企业绿色创新是政策的主要传导机制。异质性分析表明,政策效果在不同能耗水平的城市中具有显著差异,比起高污染上市公司,高耗能中小企业在污染物和CO_(2)的协同减排措施上仍存在较大改善空间。研究结论对我国优化“持续深入打好蓝天保卫战”相关政策提供启示。

运动经验对短跑起跑过程中神经-肌肉控制策略的影响研究

目的:探究运动经验对起跑时肌肉协同特征的影响,分析不同运动经验下肌肉协同与姿态稳定性之间的关系。方法:采用三维动作捕捉系统、三维测力台和无线表面肌电采集设备同步采集11名高水平短跑运动员和14名短跑初学者在起跑时的运动学、地面反作用力和表面肌电数据。将2组受试者的表面肌电包络线映射至脊髓各节段的α−运动神经元池以获取脊髓水平的运动输出,采用非负矩阵分解和K-Means聚类获取2组受试者的肌肉协同特征。基于非受控流形分析建立各组肌肉协同变异性与质心横向位移波动之间的关系。结果:1)高水平组L1~L3节段的输出在起跑时与低水平存在显著差异(P<0.05),高水平组L4~S3节段的输出在起跑末期显著高于低水平组(P<0.05);2)高水平组的各组肌肉协同的空间结构较为合理,激活时间更为集中(P<0.05);3)高水平组在起跑时各组协同之间的协调程度较高,低水平组的各组肌肉协同仅在预备姿态时具有较好的协调。结论:运动经验可以优化各组肌肉协同间的协调及各协同内部的时空结构。合理调整预备姿态的肌肉激活策略并提高起跑器蹬离技术,有助于促进起跑的运动表现。

构造作用对常规-非常规油气连续聚积耦合成藏控制机制——以川东南平桥地区为例

为探索川东南平桥地区构造作用对常规和非常规气藏成藏过程的动态控制作用及差异,基于地震、地质和包裹体等资料,根据断层相关褶皱理论,系统剖析了该区构造特征及演化过程、常规气藏和非常规气藏动态成藏过程及构造对两者影响的差异性,建立了典型常规—非常规油气连续聚集耦合成藏模式。平桥地区位于川东南SE-NW前展式递进变形带中,受多套滑脱层和江南—雪峰造山带联合控制,发育断展构造和背冲构造。平桥背斜构造形成于燕山期。中燕山期,受江南—雪峰构造体系前展式扩展影响,研究区发生NE向强烈断褶作用。晚燕山期—喜马拉雅期川中隆起阻挡和青藏高原隆升使平桥背斜不断抬升;寒武系筇竹寺组和奥陶系五峰组—志留系龙马溪组烃源岩在早燕山期及以前主要经历了长期的埋藏生烃,中燕山期构造变形扩展至研究区,常规气藏储层(洗象池群)、盖层、油气圈闭及运移均受到影响,气藏保存条件较差。非常规气层被改造成为背斜构造,页岩气向背斜核部聚集,整体保存条件较好。晚燕山期—喜马拉雅期,地层隆升泄压,两类气藏保存条件继续变差。因此,构造作用对常规气藏和非常规气藏成藏控制差异体现在控制方式和改造时间上:中燕山期侧向供烃是常规气藏成藏的关键;晚白垩世构造活动改造和晚燕山期—喜马拉雅期构造抬升影响了页岩气的保存。

方证辨证相关研究的启示

方证辨证即有是证用是方。本研究围绕方证辨证的基本思想,结合临床实际,认为方证辨证在基础层面可以为研究方的适用指征和作用机制、病证发生发展的规律及证的本质提供思路,在应用层面可以为传承中医医家经验、探索符合中医药领域特点的临床疗效评价方法、诊疗指南和临床路径以及中医学教育改革的新模式提供启示。

基于安全控制结构模型的高校实验室安全风险动态评估

为有效评估高校实验室安全风险状态和优化动态安全管理对策,提出一种基于多层安全控制结构模型的高校实验室安全动态评估方法。首先,建立一种多层安全控制结构模型,以确定高校实验室火灾爆炸事故的致因因素和控制缺陷;在此基础上,提出一种基于系统理论的事故模型和贝叶斯网络(BN)相结合的安全动态反馈评价方法,推断计算出高校实验室安全风险状态的概率、分析影响事故的风险因素,识别出高校实验室安全中的关键风险因素。研究表明:基于安全控制结构模型的风险动态评估方法涵盖了传统方法识别的所有风险,同时还能够发现潜在风险;对危险化学品的操作不正确,试验过程违反操作规程以及电气线路出现老化、短路或缺陷等因素是影响高校实验室安全风险的关键风险因素。

“毒品”还是“良药”?电子竞技对大学生执行功能影响的时间剂量效应

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