Improved methods for early diagnosis and non-invasive surrogates for the diagnosis of disease severity in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are becoming the new challenge. Dementia can now be accurately determined through cli...Improved methods for early diagnosis and non-invasive surrogates for the diagnosis of disease severity in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are becoming the new challenge. Dementia can now be accurately determined through clinical evaluation, cognitive screening, basic laboratory evaluation and structural imaging. Magnetic resonance (MRI) techniques are being evaluated as possible surrogate measures to monitor disease progression. The purpose of this work is to correlate the results of combined advanced MR techniques with neuropsychological performance in order to identify a sensible and sensitive imaging approach to quantify neurodegenerative disease progression. One of the most relevant evidences in our study is the degeneration of the fibers of the corpus callosum in the pathogenesis of cognitive disorders in AD patients, as demonstrated by the relationship between altered neuropsychological tests and reduced FA (Fractional Anisotrophy) values of the corpus callosum in such patients. This data is also integrated by the evidence of anatomic reduction of the total volume of the corpus callosum assessed by FreeSurfer, thus supporting the hypothesis that the “brain disconnects” play a key role in the pathogenesis of AD. Statistical evaluation of regression consisting in the identification of different numerical coefficients that are multiplied by the thickness of the right fusiform value or by the volume of left inferoparietal region and left middle-temporal region, allows us to obtain the predictive numeric value of the related neuropsychological test. Combination of non-conventional magnetic resonance imaging, including morphometry, spectroscopy, MD (mean diffusivity) and FA evaluation, could be an alternative to clinic in the evaluation of neurodegeneration in AD.展开更多
Objectives: In this study, we aimed to compare early results of the modified eversion carotid endarterectomy technique with the conventional carotid endarterectomy technique. The modified eversion carotid endarterecto...Objectives: In this study, we aimed to compare early results of the modified eversion carotid endarterectomy technique with the conventional carotid endarterectomy technique. The modified eversion carotid endarterectomy technique consisted of a longitudinal arteriotomy that was begun from the common carotid artery proximally to the origin of external carotid artery. We also avoided applying a carotid shunt during surgery in both techniques. Methods: Each patient was evaluated for coronary artery stenosis and valve replacement indications. Diagnosis of significant coronary artery stenosis or valve disease directed us to a combination of CEA and cardiac surgery (CABG/Valvular). We generally had a tendency to perform these two surgical procedures separately. Patients which had surgery for both at the same session were excluded in this study. As a result, our study included 120 patients and 137 carotid interventions. We performed the modified eversion carotid endarterectomy technique in 61 patients (68 carotid interventions) (Group A) and the conventional CEA technique in 59 patients (69 carotid interventions) (Group B). At follow-up, the patients were evaluated by physical examination and color Doppler USG. Results: There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of demographic data. Statistically significant difference was observed in one operative parameter between Group A and Group B;patchplasty requirements during surgery (12 carotid interventions in group B and 4 carotid interventions in group A, p = 0.036). We recorded temporary tongue deviation in five cases, facial asymmetry in eight cases, hoarseness in four cases, neurocognitive impairment in three cases and transient neurologic in two cases with no significant difference between the groups. There was in one case of permanent neurologic deficit (1 in group B). There were two postoperative deaths (1 in group A and 1 in group B). The death in group A occurred because of subarachnoid haemorrhage and the death in group B occurred because of myocardial infarction. After 6 month follow-up, no restenosis occurred in group A. Restenosis occurred in three patients of group B. Conclusion: The modified eversion technique for carotid endarterectomy decrease the incidence of patchplasty applications and postoperative restenosis by avoiding internal carotid artery manipulation and sewing. Besides, it is easy and possible to remove plaques completely from internal carotid artery via the modified arteriotomy line.展开更多
AIM To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on minimally vs conventional invasive techniques for harvesting grafts for living donor liver transplantation. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochr...AIM To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on minimally vs conventional invasive techniques for harvesting grafts for living donor liver transplantation. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched comprehensively for studies comparing MILDH with conventional living donor hepatectomy (CLDH). Intraoperative and postoperative outcomes (operative time, estimated blood loss, postoperative liver function, length of hospital stay, analgesia use, complications, and survival rate) were analyzed in donors and recipients. Articles were included if they: (1) compared the outcomes of MILDH and CLDH; and (2) reported at least some of the above outcomes. RESULTS Of 937 articles identified, 13, containing 1592 patients, met our inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. For donors, operative time [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 20.68, 95% CI: -6.25-47.60, p = 0.13] and blood loss (WMD = -32.61, 95% CI: -80.44-5.21, p = 0.18) were comparable in the two groups. In contrast, analgesia use (WMD = -7.79, 95% CI: -14.06-1.87, p = 0.01), postoperative complications [odds ratio (OR) = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.44-0.89, p = 0.009], and length of hospital stay (WMD): -1.25, 95% CI: -2.35-0.14, p = 0.03) significantly favored MILDH. No differences were observed in recipient outcomes, including postoperative complications (OR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.66-1.31, p = 0.68) and survival rate (hr = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.27-3.47, p = 0.95). Funnel plot and statistical methods showed a low probability of publication bias. CONCLUSION MILDH is safe, effective, and feasible for living donor liver resection with fewer donor postoperative complications, reduced length of hospital stay and analgesia requirement than CLDH.展开更多
The inverted pendulum is a classic problem in dynamics and control theory and is widely used as a benchmark for testing control algorithms. It is unstable without control. The process is non linear and unstable with o...The inverted pendulum is a classic problem in dynamics and control theory and is widely used as a benchmark for testing control algorithms. It is unstable without control. The process is non linear and unstable with one input signal and several output signals. It is hence obvious that feedback of the state of the pendulum is needed to stabilize the pendulum. The aim of the study is to stabilize the pendulum such that the position of the carriage on the track is controlled quickly and accurately. The problem involves an arm, able to move horizontally in angular motion, and a pendulum, hinged to the arm at the bottom of its length such that the pendulum can move in the same plane as the arm. The conventional PID controller can be used for virtually any process condition. This makes elimination the offset of the proportional mode possible and still provides fast response. In this paper, we have modelled the system and studied conventional controller and LQR controller. It is observed that the LQR method works better compared to conventional controller.展开更多
Bangcangjingnuo is a new, mid-maturing conventional Japonica type glutinous rice variety bred by Hunan Rice Research Institute and Hunan Wucai Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. In 2017, the Hun...Bangcangjingnuo is a new, mid-maturing conventional Japonica type glutinous rice variety bred by Hunan Rice Research Institute and Hunan Wucai Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. In 2017, the Hunan Crop Variety Examination and Approval Committee approved Bangcangjingnuo. The breeding process of this cultivar was expounded in this study. This cultivar is highly glutinous and waxy, it produces a stable high yield, and it possesses the quality of low temperature resistance. The theoretical yield of Bangcangjingnuo is 8 731.5 kg/hm^2, and the actual output is about 7 422.0 kg/hm^2 according to the 85% discount.Finally, we described the main points of cultivation technique from the perspectives of timely planting and strict seed sterilization.展开更多
There are several caval reconstruction techniques currently in use for orthotopic liver transplantation. These include caval replacement or the conventional technique, performed with or without venovenous bypass, pigg...There are several caval reconstruction techniques currently in use for orthotopic liver transplantation. These include caval replacement or the conventional technique, performed with or without venovenous bypass, piggyback technique with anastomosis with two or three hepatic veins with or without cavotomy and modifications of the piggyback technique including end-to-side and side-to-side cavocaval anastomosis. There are few randomized controlled trials comparing the use of these techniques and our knowledge of their comparability is based on a few multi- and many single-center retrospective and prospective reviews. Although there are advantages and disadvantages for each technique, it is advisable that the surgeon perform the technique with which they have the most the experience and at which they are the most skilled as excellent outcomes can be obtained with any of the caval reconstruction options discussed.展开更多
文摘Improved methods for early diagnosis and non-invasive surrogates for the diagnosis of disease severity in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are becoming the new challenge. Dementia can now be accurately determined through clinical evaluation, cognitive screening, basic laboratory evaluation and structural imaging. Magnetic resonance (MRI) techniques are being evaluated as possible surrogate measures to monitor disease progression. The purpose of this work is to correlate the results of combined advanced MR techniques with neuropsychological performance in order to identify a sensible and sensitive imaging approach to quantify neurodegenerative disease progression. One of the most relevant evidences in our study is the degeneration of the fibers of the corpus callosum in the pathogenesis of cognitive disorders in AD patients, as demonstrated by the relationship between altered neuropsychological tests and reduced FA (Fractional Anisotrophy) values of the corpus callosum in such patients. This data is also integrated by the evidence of anatomic reduction of the total volume of the corpus callosum assessed by FreeSurfer, thus supporting the hypothesis that the “brain disconnects” play a key role in the pathogenesis of AD. Statistical evaluation of regression consisting in the identification of different numerical coefficients that are multiplied by the thickness of the right fusiform value or by the volume of left inferoparietal region and left middle-temporal region, allows us to obtain the predictive numeric value of the related neuropsychological test. Combination of non-conventional magnetic resonance imaging, including morphometry, spectroscopy, MD (mean diffusivity) and FA evaluation, could be an alternative to clinic in the evaluation of neurodegeneration in AD.
文摘Objectives: In this study, we aimed to compare early results of the modified eversion carotid endarterectomy technique with the conventional carotid endarterectomy technique. The modified eversion carotid endarterectomy technique consisted of a longitudinal arteriotomy that was begun from the common carotid artery proximally to the origin of external carotid artery. We also avoided applying a carotid shunt during surgery in both techniques. Methods: Each patient was evaluated for coronary artery stenosis and valve replacement indications. Diagnosis of significant coronary artery stenosis or valve disease directed us to a combination of CEA and cardiac surgery (CABG/Valvular). We generally had a tendency to perform these two surgical procedures separately. Patients which had surgery for both at the same session were excluded in this study. As a result, our study included 120 patients and 137 carotid interventions. We performed the modified eversion carotid endarterectomy technique in 61 patients (68 carotid interventions) (Group A) and the conventional CEA technique in 59 patients (69 carotid interventions) (Group B). At follow-up, the patients were evaluated by physical examination and color Doppler USG. Results: There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of demographic data. Statistically significant difference was observed in one operative parameter between Group A and Group B;patchplasty requirements during surgery (12 carotid interventions in group B and 4 carotid interventions in group A, p = 0.036). We recorded temporary tongue deviation in five cases, facial asymmetry in eight cases, hoarseness in four cases, neurocognitive impairment in three cases and transient neurologic in two cases with no significant difference between the groups. There was in one case of permanent neurologic deficit (1 in group B). There were two postoperative deaths (1 in group A and 1 in group B). The death in group A occurred because of subarachnoid haemorrhage and the death in group B occurred because of myocardial infarction. After 6 month follow-up, no restenosis occurred in group A. Restenosis occurred in three patients of group B. Conclusion: The modified eversion technique for carotid endarterectomy decrease the incidence of patchplasty applications and postoperative restenosis by avoiding internal carotid artery manipulation and sewing. Besides, it is easy and possible to remove plaques completely from internal carotid artery via the modified arteriotomy line.
基金Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou,No.201604020001
文摘AIM To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on minimally vs conventional invasive techniques for harvesting grafts for living donor liver transplantation. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched comprehensively for studies comparing MILDH with conventional living donor hepatectomy (CLDH). Intraoperative and postoperative outcomes (operative time, estimated blood loss, postoperative liver function, length of hospital stay, analgesia use, complications, and survival rate) were analyzed in donors and recipients. Articles were included if they: (1) compared the outcomes of MILDH and CLDH; and (2) reported at least some of the above outcomes. RESULTS Of 937 articles identified, 13, containing 1592 patients, met our inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. For donors, operative time [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 20.68, 95% CI: -6.25-47.60, p = 0.13] and blood loss (WMD = -32.61, 95% CI: -80.44-5.21, p = 0.18) were comparable in the two groups. In contrast, analgesia use (WMD = -7.79, 95% CI: -14.06-1.87, p = 0.01), postoperative complications [odds ratio (OR) = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.44-0.89, p = 0.009], and length of hospital stay (WMD): -1.25, 95% CI: -2.35-0.14, p = 0.03) significantly favored MILDH. No differences were observed in recipient outcomes, including postoperative complications (OR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.66-1.31, p = 0.68) and survival rate (hr = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.27-3.47, p = 0.95). Funnel plot and statistical methods showed a low probability of publication bias. CONCLUSION MILDH is safe, effective, and feasible for living donor liver resection with fewer donor postoperative complications, reduced length of hospital stay and analgesia requirement than CLDH.
文摘The inverted pendulum is a classic problem in dynamics and control theory and is widely used as a benchmark for testing control algorithms. It is unstable without control. The process is non linear and unstable with one input signal and several output signals. It is hence obvious that feedback of the state of the pendulum is needed to stabilize the pendulum. The aim of the study is to stabilize the pendulum such that the position of the carriage on the track is controlled quickly and accurately. The problem involves an arm, able to move horizontally in angular motion, and a pendulum, hinged to the arm at the bottom of its length such that the pendulum can move in the same plane as the arm. The conventional PID controller can be used for virtually any process condition. This makes elimination the offset of the proportional mode possible and still provides fast response. In this paper, we have modelled the system and studied conventional controller and LQR controller. It is observed that the LQR method works better compared to conventional controller.
基金Supported by Three Major Grain Crop Breeding Projects of the Ministry of Science and Technology(2016YFD0102102)Special Funds for the Construction of National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(nycytx-001)+1 种基金Special projects of the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of FinanceScience and Technology Innovation Project of Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2016)~~
文摘Bangcangjingnuo is a new, mid-maturing conventional Japonica type glutinous rice variety bred by Hunan Rice Research Institute and Hunan Wucai Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. In 2017, the Hunan Crop Variety Examination and Approval Committee approved Bangcangjingnuo. The breeding process of this cultivar was expounded in this study. This cultivar is highly glutinous and waxy, it produces a stable high yield, and it possesses the quality of low temperature resistance. The theoretical yield of Bangcangjingnuo is 8 731.5 kg/hm^2, and the actual output is about 7 422.0 kg/hm^2 according to the 85% discount.Finally, we described the main points of cultivation technique from the perspectives of timely planting and strict seed sterilization.
文摘There are several caval reconstruction techniques currently in use for orthotopic liver transplantation. These include caval replacement or the conventional technique, performed with or without venovenous bypass, piggyback technique with anastomosis with two or three hepatic veins with or without cavotomy and modifications of the piggyback technique including end-to-side and side-to-side cavocaval anastomosis. There are few randomized controlled trials comparing the use of these techniques and our knowledge of their comparability is based on a few multi- and many single-center retrospective and prospective reviews. Although there are advantages and disadvantages for each technique, it is advisable that the surgeon perform the technique with which they have the most the experience and at which they are the most skilled as excellent outcomes can be obtained with any of the caval reconstruction options discussed.
