Numerical investigation of particle deposition on converging slot-hole film-cooled wall

Numerical research on the dilute particles movement and deposition characteristics in the vicinity of converging slot-hole(console) was carried out, and the effect of hole shape on the particle deposition characteristics was investigated. The EI-Batsh deposition model was used to predict the particle deposition characteristics. The results show that the console hole has an obvious advantage in reducing particle deposition in comparison with cylindrical hole, especially under higher blowing ratio. The coolant jet from console holes can cover the wall well. Furthermore, the rotation direction of vortices near console hole is contrary to that near cylindrical hole. For console holes, particle deposition mainly takes place in the upstream area of the holes.

User growth and penetration modeling for converged heterogeneous network

To evaluate the trail potential of converged heterogeneous network （CHN） market, the logistic method for adoption modeling of CHN is used. User growth ＆ penetration have been taken as two variants to find saturation condition in market. Model is continuous in time but modifications are done for discrete recurrence equation, commonly known as logistic map. Dynamic and static phases are taken into consideration while penetration decay is not covered in this model.

Towards electronic-photonic-converged thermo-optic feedback tuning

As Moore’s law approaching its end,electronics is hitting its power,bandwidth,and capacity limits.Photonics is able to overcome the performance limits of electronics but lacks practical photonic register and flexible control.Combining electronics and photonics provides the best of both worlds and is widely regarded as an important post-Moore’s direction.For stability and dynamic operations considerations,feedback tuning of photonic devices is required.For silicon photonics,the thermooptic effect is the most frequently used tuning mechanism due to the advantages of high efficiency and low loss.However,it brings new design requirements,creating new design challenges.Emerging applications,such as optical phased array,optical switches,and optical neural networks,employ a large number of photonic devices,making PCB tuning solutions no longer suitable.Electronic-photonic-converged solutions with compact footprints will play an important role in system scalability.In this paper,we present a unified model for thermo-optic feedback tuning that can be specialized to different applications,review its recent advances,and discuss its future trends.

An Open Architecture for Converged Internet of Things

An open architecture for converged Internet of Things (IoT) is proposed in this paper.By using this model,the various and huge amount of data can be converted into converged data and then encapsulated as service packages.Moreover,a Representational State Transfer (REST) platform has been implemented in the lab environment.The merit of this architecture is the enhancement of data efficiency.Experimental results are provided to show the benefits of the proposed architecture.

Towards Converged Millimeter-Wave/Terahertz Wireless Communication and Radar Sensing

Converged communication and radar sensing systems have attained increasing attention in recent years.The development of converged radar-data systems is reviewed,with a special focus on millimeter/terahertz systems as a promising trend.Firstly,we present historical development and convergence technology concept for communication-radar systems,and highlight some emerging technologies in this area.We then provide an updated and comprehensive survey of several converged systems operating in different microwave and millimeter frequency bands,by providing some selective typical communication and radar sensing systems.In this part,we also summarize and compare the system performance in terms of maximum range/range resolution for radar mode and Bit Error Rate(BER)/wireless distance for communication mode.In the last section,the convergence of millimeter/terahertz communication-radar system is concluded by analyzing the prospect of millimeter-wave/terahertz technologies in providing ultrafast data rates and high resolution for our smart future.

An Approach for Telecom Operators to Achieve Converged Telecom and Internet Services

This article discusses a possible approach for telecom operators to achieve converged telecom and Internet services. It involves integrally developing telecom networks and Internet businesses through the convergence of their instant news and social networking services. Some background, benefits for telecom operators, and possible challenges are analyzed. A new service convergence approach such as this can also facilitate triple-screen and multi-screen convergence in the future.

Simulations of a two-stream backward-wave oscillator with a slot-hole structure

We study a two-stream backward-wave oscillator with a slot-hole structure at short millimeter waves with the help of a three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation. In order to increase the interaction region of the electron beam, the efficiency and the output power, a slot-hole loaded rectangular waveguide structure used as the high-frequency system is proposed. Based on the mechanism of the backward-wave oscillator, a slow-wave oscillator with a frequency of 0.14 THz is designed. The simulations show that the output power and the efficiency of the oscillator can be enhanced due to the coupling between the two beams through the slot holes. The interaction efficiency is 5.18%, and the starting current density is below 5 A. cm^-2 for the two beams. These attractive results indicate that, based on the two-stream backward-wave oscillator, we can get short millimeter wave sources with high power and low current density.

Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Resource Allocation in HPC/AI Converged Cluster

As the complexity of deep learning(DL)networks and training data grows enormously,methods that scale with computation are becoming the future of artificial intelligence(AI)development.In this regard,the interplay between machine learning(ML)and high-performance computing(HPC)is an innovative paradigm to speed up the efficiency of AI research and development.However,building and operating an HPC/AI converged system require broad knowledge to leverage the latest computing,networking,and storage technologies.Moreover,an HPC-based AI computing environment needs an appropriate resource allocation and monitoring strategy to efficiently utilize the system resources.In this regard,we introduce a technique for building and operating a high-performance AI-computing environment with the latest technologies.Specifically,an HPC/AI converged system is configured inside Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology(GIST),called GIST AI-X computing cluster,which is built by leveraging the latest Nvidia DGX servers,high-performance storage and networking devices,and various open source tools.Therefore,it can be a good reference for building a small or middlesized HPC/AI converged system for research and educational institutes.In addition,we propose a resource allocation method for DL jobs to efficiently utilize the computing resources with multi-agent deep reinforcement learning(mDRL).Through extensive simulations and experiments,we validate that the proposed mDRL algorithm can help the HPC/AI converged cluster to achieve both system utilization and power consumption improvement.By deploying the proposed resource allocation method to the system,total job completion time is reduced by around 20%and inefficient power consumption is reduced by around 40%.

QoS Issues in Converged Networks

The convergence of telecom networks requires an improved Quality of Service (QoS) solution. The introduction of the QoS resource control architecture based on the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) framework is a way to solve QoS problems in the converged networks. Services,QoS guarantee,resource control and accounting functions are integrated into this IMS-based QoS control architecture. It is a solution to the problems currently facing the fixed network operators,helping them offer more QoS-guaranteed multimedia services such as 3D games,and make a transition from bandwidth providers to genuine telecom services providers.

ZTE Converged FDD/TDD Solution Wins GTI Innovation Award

27 February 2013, Shenzhen-ZTE Corporation today announced that its converged FDD/TDD solution the Global TD-LTE Initiative （GTI） Innovation Award at the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona. GTI Night is held each year to recognize outstanding achievements in telecommunications. This year＇ was selected by a GTI steering committee comprising multiple operators. GTI Night 2013 was attended than 30 global operators and several industry partners. has won s winner by more

IMS and Converged Service Network

The current telecom target network architecture with IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) as the core lacks the actual verification of existing large-scale networks and faces the stiff competition from Internet technologies. In the process of promoting the commercial usage of IMS services, the Service Delivery Platform (SDP) is evolving into a more convergent and open Service Delivery Environment (SDE) and will become the mainstream of the next generation Telecom Service Network. ZTE’s concept of the Converged Service Network (CSN) is to integrate various network service capabilities to realize the unification of data, service, capability and management and thus the fast provisioning of various Value-Added Services (VASs), which helps the carriers to maintain a leading position in the value chain, meeting the telecom carriers ’ requirements for service network development.

ZTE Launches zVOA to Empower Converged Voice and Multimedia Services

ZTE Corporation launched its zVOA solution on February 21. This solution enables operators to deploy a unified control network for voice, video and multimedia services over any existing mobile and fixed access network infrastructure.

Complete Convergenceand Complete Moment Convergence for Weighted Sums of ANA Random Variables

In this paper,we investigate the complete convergence and complete moment conver-gence for weighted sums of arrays of rowwise asymptotically negatively associated(ANA)random variables,without assuming identical distribution.The obtained results not only extend those of An and Yuan[1]and Shen et al.[2]to the case of ANA random variables,but also partially improve them.

Valence Bands Convergence in p-Type CoSb_(3) through Electronegative Fluorine Filling

Band convergence is considered to be a strategy with clear benefits for thermoelectric performance,generally favoring the co-optimization of conductivity and Seebeck coefficients,and the conventional means include elemental filling to regulate the band.However,the influence of the most electronegative fluorine on the CoSb_(3) band remains unclear.We carry out density-functional-theory calculations and show that the valence band maximum gradually shifts downward with the increase of fluorine filling,lastly the valence band maximum converges to the highly degenerated secondary valence bands in fluorine-filled skutterudites.

A Finite-Time Convergent Analysis of Continuous Action Iterated Dilemma

Dear Editor,In this letter, a finite-time convergent analysis of continuous action iterated dilemma(CAID) is proposed. In traditional evolutionary game theory, the strategy of the player is binary(cooperation or defection), which limits the number of strategies a player can choose from.

ZTE Launches the World's First Converged Intelligent Videoconferencing Solution at ISE 2014

February 4, 2014--ZTE Corporation has launched the world＇s first converged intelligent videoconferencing solution at Integrated Systems Europe, Amsterdam. The solution transforms existing video conferencing terminals from functional ma- chines into smart machines. Due to restrictions in system convergence, traditional videoconferencing can no longer meet the requirements of rapidly developing technologies and markets. The development of video codec technology and the extensive use of wireless technol- ogies such as LTE are also raising people＇ s expectations for higher video resolution and more flexible video communica- tions. This converged intelligent videoconferencing solution uses an open video communication interface, provides a univer- sal platform, and supports convergence with third-party applications, quickly meeting different user requirements. The sys- tem has pre-installed common conferencing software and supports plug and play USB flash disks and portable hard disks for easy sharing of electronic documents. With integrated functions such as E-whiteboard, data conferencing and muhi- touch, the system supports simple and intuitive operations.

Contract-Based Content Delivery in 5G Converged Networks

Mobile broadcasting services provided by converged networks do aid in satisfying users' demands for popular multimedia content while unicasting services offer personalized experiences for users.We analyze hybrid broadcasting unicasting framework from the perspective of network economics,where content provider(CP) figures out the cooperation of broadcasting and unicasting services providers,as long as their pricing strategies.To this end,a contract-based content delivery scheme is proposed.The profit of CP depends on users' preference and satisfaction for unicasting and broadcasting transmission.CP provides different users with distinctive data packages.The intent is to maximize its own profit.By classifying users into different types,the optimal contract in close form is derived.Numerical results show that the proposed optimal contract is able to generate incentive for users to employ broadcasting transmission,which further benefits both the CP and users.

Call for Papers——Feature Topic Vol.22,No.3,2025 Special Issue of China Communications:Convergence of 6G empowered Edge Intelligence and Generative AI:Theories,Algorithms,and Applications

Generative artificial intelligence(AI),as an emerging paradigm in content generation,has demonstrated its great potentials in creating high-fidelity data including images,texts,and videos.Nowadays wireless networks and applications have been rapidly evolving from achieving“connected things”to embracing“connected intelligence”.Generative AI has been recognized as a fundamentally innovative technology to drive the advancement of intelligent wireless communications and networks.

Dynamic convergent shock compression initiated by return current in high-intensity laser-solid interactions

We investigate the dynamics of convergent shock compression in solid cylindrical targets irradiated by an ultrafast relativistic laser pulse.Our particle-in-cell simulations and coupled hydrodynamic simulations reveal that the compression process is initiated by both magnetic pressure and surface ablation associated with a strong transient surface return current with density of the order of 10^(17) A/m^(2) and lifetime of 100 fs.The results show that the dominant compression mechanism is governed by the plasma β,i.e.,the ratio of thermal pressure to magnetic pressure.For targets with small radius and low atomic number Z,the magnetic pressure is the dominant shock compression mechanism.According to a scaling law,as the target radius and Z increase,the surface ablation pressure becomes the main mechanism generating convergent shocks.Furthermore,an indirect experimental indication of shocked hydrogen compression is provided by optical shadowgraphy measurements of the evolution of the plasma expansion diameter.The results presented here provide a novel basis for the generation of extremely high pressures exceeding Gbar(100 TPa)to enable the investigation of high-pressure physics using femtosecond J-level laser pulses,offering an alternative to nanosecond kJ-laser pulse-driven and pulsed power Z-pinch compression methods.