A Novel Method of Auxiliary Power Supply Used in Wide-Range High Voltage Input DC-DC Converter

In high voltage input DC-DC converter, auxiliary winding of isolation transformer is usually used to supply power for control circuit. Due to the wide-range of input voltage, the variable output voltage of auxiliary winding will cause a series of problems, such as variable drive pulse amplitude, increased driver switching devices loss and drive transformer core saturation. This paper analyzes the influence of variable output voltage of auxiliary winding in detail. A novel method is proposed to solve the problem of large variation range of auxiliary winding output voltage, which is adding a buck converter between the auxiliary winding and the control circuit. A dual switch forward convert has been designed with 300 V - 800 V input and 24 V/5 A output. The results show that this method is effective by comparing the different results of using buck converter or not.

Power management unit chip design for automobile active-matrix organic light-emitting diode display module

A power management unit （PMU） chip supplying dual panel supply voltage, which has a low electro-magnetic interference （EMI） characteristic and is favorable for miniaturization, is designed. A two-phase charge pump circuit using external pumping capacitor increases its pumping current and works out the charge-loss problem by using bulk-potential biasing circuit. A low-power start-up circuit is also proposed to reduce the power consumption of the band-gap reference voltage generator. And the ring oscillator used in the ELVSS power circuit is designed with logic devices by supplying the logic power supply to reduce the layout area. The PMU chip is designed with MagnaChip＇s 0.25 μ high-voltage process. The driving currents of ELVDD and ELVSS are more than 50 mA when a SPICE simulation is done.

DC Traction Power Supply System Based on Modular Multilevel Converter Suitable for Energy Feeding and De-icing

A novel DC traction power supply system suitable for energy feeding and de-icing is proposed in this paper for an urban rail transit catenary on the basis of the full bridge submodule (FBSM) modular multilevel converter (MMC). The FBSM-MMC is a novel type of voltage source converter (VSC) and can directly control the output DC voltage and conduct bipolar currents, thus flexibly controlling the power flow of the urban rail transit catenary. The proposed topology can overcome the inherent disadvantages of the output voltage drop in the diode rectifier units, increase the power supply distance and reduce the number of traction substations. The flexible DC technology can coordinate multiple FBSM-MMCs in a wide area and jointly complete the bidirectional control of catenary power flow during the operation of the electric locomotive, so as to realize the local consumption and optimal utilization of the recovered braking energy of the train. In addition, the FBSM-MMCs can also adjust the output current when the locomotive is out of service to prevent the catenary from icing in winter. The working modes of the proposed topology are illustrated in detail and the control strategy is specially designed for normal locomotive operations and catenary de-icing. Simulation cases conducted by PSCAD/EMTDC validate the proposed topology and its control strategy.

Multi-converter Approach to Higher Power Density DC-DC Converter for 380 V DC Distribution System

Multi-converter approach based on the series and parallel connection topology of modular power converters has been proposed to realize higher power density DC-DC converter. The availability of the proposed approach has been verified through the design consideration and the experiment. The design consideration for two DC-DC converters has been carried out by utilizing the power converter exact loss simulator, and the design parameters to maximize their power densities have been extracted taking the trade-off between the conversion efficiency and the power density into account. The prototypes of a 2,400 W, 256-384 V boost chopper using SiC-MOSFETs and a 300 W, 32-48 V GaN-FETs boost chopper have been also developed based on the design. The SiC chopper achieved the efficiency of 97.8% and the power density of 12,8 W/cm3, and the GaN chopper accomplished 98.9% and 18.6 W/cm3 in the experiment. These results show the validity of the design and the availability of the proposed approach. The multi-converter approach enables the cost reduction of the modular power converters, and contributes to realizing the widespread use of power electronics converters in the future 380 V DC distribution system.

Validation of Full-Converter Wind Power Plant Generic Model Based on Actual Fault Ride-Through Measurements

Modeling and validation of full power converter wind turbine models with field measurement data are rarely reported in papers. In this paper an aggregated generic dynamic model of the wind farm consisting of full power converter wind turbines is composed and the model validation based on actual field measurements is performed. The paper is based on the measurements obtained from the real short circuit test applied to connection point of observed wind farm. The presented approach for validating the composed model and fault ride-through （FRT） capability for the whole wind park is unique in overall practice and its significance and importance is described and analyzed.

Study of Sliding Mode Control of DC-DC Buck Converter

In this paper, a robust sliding mode controller for the control of dc-dc buck converter is designed and analyzed. Dynamic equations describing the buck converter are derived and sliding mode controller is designed. A two-loop control is employed for a buck converter. The robustness of the sliding mode controlled buck converter system is tested for step load changes and input voltage variations. The theoretical predictions are validated by means of simulations. Matlab/Simulink is used for the simulations. The simulation results are presented. The buck converter is tested with operating point changes and parameter uncertainties. Fast dynamic response of the output voltage and robustness to load and input voltage variations are obtained.

A new complete model of switch-mode plasma cutting power supply

A complete model of switch-mode plasma cutting power supply and its simulation are developed. The full bridge isolated pulse width modulation (PWM) buck converter in continuous conduction mode (CCM) for high watt plasma power supply is approached. Reduced ripple current and improved power factor are achieved in the plasma power supply. With a PID control strategy, circuit responses become more stable and faster with low overshoot during load and current changing. The converter achieved high efficiency under 3 to 15kW load conditions.

ANALYSIS OF FORWARD-FLYBACK CONVERTER EMPLOYING TWO SWITCHES AND TWO TRANSFORMERS

A novel forward-flyback converter employing two switches and two transformers is presented. Two diodes of the primary side enable the voltage stress of two switches to be clamped at the input voltage ,which is lower than that of a conventional forward-flyback converter. Two transformers offer the following advantages. Firstly, the turns of primary transformer winding are reduced to half of that of a conventional forward-flyback converter with a single transformer; Secondly, the use of two transformers enables the smaller low-profile cores to be utilized, thus facilitating a low-profile design. The unequal condition of turn ratios is compared with the equal condition of turn ratios. When two turn ratios are unequal, the power distribution between the two transformers can be easily designed. Finally, experimental results verify the above analyses.

Analysis and design of over-current limit control strategies applied in aeronautical power supplies

Some Over-Current Limit Control strategies are analyzed and designed to meet the demands of high reliability and rapid dynamic response in the aeronautical power supply applications. The control schemes are both effective in DC-DC converters and DC-AC converters. Controller models are set up, and the over-current limit operation principles of analogy and digital control are analyzed too. An 800VA aeronautical power supply bas been constructed to verify the performance of the proposed control strategy in various cases such as the sudden load change and the constant load. The analysis and experiments confirm the advantages of the proposed over-current limit strategies as follows： simple,effective and reliable.

Control strategy optimization for energy efficiency and harmonic mitigation in multi-series converters

To provide electrical power for the Research System of Superconducting Magnets(RSSMs)including the background field superconducting magnet and the tested superconducting objects,the high power phase-controlled converter will be used to develop the power supply system.However, because of its inner nonlinear feature, the current harmonics and the reactive power are injected into the AC power supply system. To improve the quality of the power supply system for RSSMs, an improved synchronous control strategy is suggested for the superconducting magnet power supply system, which comprises four series-connected six-pulse converters fed by a phase-shifting transformer, respectively. According to the proposed control strategy, the basic unit is two 12-pulse converters and the control method will be changed in terms of loadfluctuations which are represented by the per unit value of converter output voltage. As a result,harmonic is greatly reduced but the power factor is also high.

Analysis and Design of a Kind of Improved Parallel Resonant Converters

Traditional transformer in high-voltage power supplies has many disadvantages such as high turn’s ratio, large volume and great design difficulties. Parallel resonant converters (PRCs) are widely used in high-voltage power supplies. A kind of high-voltage circuit topology can be formed by combining PRCs and voltage-doubler rectifier, which is called parallel resonant dual voltage converters (PRDVCs). In PRDVCs both voltage-doubler rectifier and transformer can boost voltage, which reduced turn’s ratio and volume of the transformer, making it easier to produce. Thus it not only realizes the high-voltage output, but also realizes the miniaturization of high-voltage power supply. Three modes of the converters were researched and simulated. Converting conditions of three modes were given. At last, PRDVCs was used to design a 5000V/50mA high-voltage power supply. The waveforms and results of the experiment were given, which validated the feasibility of the converters and its conversion efficiency might be improved to 93%.

Low power and high speed explicit-pulsed double-edge triggered level converting flip-flop

Variable supply voltage-clustered voltage scaling （VS-CVS） scheme can be very effective in reducing power consumption of CMOS circuits without degrading system performance. Level converting flip-flops （LCFFs） are key elements in the CVS scheme. In this paper, a new explicit-pulsed double-edge triggered level converting flip-flop （nEP-DET-LCFF） is proposed, which employs double-edge triggering technique, dynamic structure, explicit pulse generator, conditional discharge technique and proper arrangement of stacked nMOS transistors to efficiently perform latching and level converting functions simultaneously. The proposed nEP-DET-LCFF combines merits of both conventional explicit-LCFFs and implicit-LCFFs. Simulation shows the proposed nEP-DET-LCFF has improvement of 19.2% -46% in delay, and 19.4% - 52.9% in power-delay product （PDP） as compared with the published LCFFs.

Grid-Connected Emergency Back-Up Power Supply

This paper documents design and modeling of a grid-connected emergency back-up power supply for medium power applications. Back-up power supplies are very important in regard to support electrical loads in the events of grid power outage. However, grid-integration of a back-up power supply substantiates continual power transfer to the loads, especially to the critical loads, which should not suffer from power interruptions. Therefore, design and circuit modeling of switching converters based reliable grid-tied emergency back-up power supply are presented in this paper. There are a rectifier-link boost derived battery charging circuit and a 4-switch push-pull power inverter circuit which are controlled by high frequency pulse width modulation (PWM) signals. This paper presents a state averaging model and Laplace domain transfer function of the charging circuit and a switching converter model of the power inverter circuit. A changeover relay based transfer switch controls the power flow towards the utility loads. During off-grid situations, loads are fed power by the proposed inverter circuit and during on-grid situations, battery is charged by an ac-link rectifier-fed boost converter. However, there is a relay switching circuit to control the charging phenomenon of the battery. The proposed design is simulated in PLECS and the simulation results corroborate the reliability of the presented framework.

模块化多电平中压直流变换器的高可靠自供电架构研究

随着大容量中压直流配电技术的迅速发展,模块化多电平直流变换器受到工业界和学术界的广泛关注。然而,实现高可靠的辅助供电是实现直流变换器在中压直流配电场景中应用的关键技术瓶颈之一。为此,提出一种面向模块化多电平中压直流变换器的高可靠自供电系统架构。该架构实现主控制器、子模块等辅电系统的中压直联馈电,从而无需额外低压直流电源,并且大幅提升系统启动速度。基于此架构设计,模块化多电平直流变换器的子模块控制器和旁路开关辅助供电均实现3倍冗余,提高系统容错运行的能力。在子模块电容预充电阶段,提出一种基于辅助电源自主控制的子模块电容均压方法,保证模块化多电平直流变换器可靠预充电。最终通过实验验证所提辅助供电系统架构的可行性。

直流稳压电源的设计

随着人类的生活水平和科学技术的进步,电力系统在人们的生活中的作用日益突出。当今社会电子设备的应用越来越广泛,对其电源的使用要求越来越高。通过开关电源、线性电源和反激式电源的基本原理,分析了DC/DC变换器中的调制方法,从电源在便携式设备中的应用需求出发,在总结分析现有技术的基础上,通过系统设计、电路原理图设计和PCB布局设计,进行电路板的性能验证,结果表明所设计的直流电源适应于便携式设备,性能稳定,满足设计要求,为同类产品的设计提供参考。

大功率高能脉冲激光电源设计

根据YAG激光器对大功率高能量脉冲电源的应用需求,设计了一种大功率脉冲激光电源,可实现高脉冲能量重复频率输出及充电电压灵活调控。前级充电网络采用串联LC谐振变换器,后级脉冲形成网络选择晶闸管触发LC放电电路。最终,研制了1台7 kW实验样机,最大重复频率10 Hz,最高充电电压2.2 kV,可实现单脉冲最高700 J电能输出,满足大功率高能脉冲输出的应用需求,实验测试结果验证了设计的可行性。

机载130 mJ激光照射器的脉冲驱动电源设计

针对机载130 mJ激光照射器对脉冲驱动电源的实际使用需求,设计了一款高可靠性、宽温度范围、小型化的脉冲驱动电源。采用了基于超低ESR储能单元的前级低功率充电、后级高功率脉冲放电的技术方案。详细设计中,防反及缓启电路采用双PMOS管的方式;BOOST升压式充电电路选用具有开关频率可调、逐周期电流限制的控制芯片CYT5022JVS;储能单元由多只超低ESR的高分子固态铝电解电容器并联构成;放电电路开关管选用两只2.3 mΩ导通内阻的IRF150P220并联来降低发热功率。为保证宽温工作范围,采用电压补偿的方式来解决高、低温下储能单元容值变化的问题。测试表明,驱动电源能够输出峰值160 A、脉宽230μs、频率25 Hz的脉冲电流,激光照射器在照射模式下单脉冲平均能量大于130 mJ,满足系统要求。

EXL-50U磁体线圈电源系统研制

新奥科技发展有限公司(新奥能源研究院)将原有紧凑型聚变研究装置EXL-50升级为EXL-50U,装置仍然是常温托卡马克,其磁场电源系统包括环向场TF(Toroidal Field)电源、中心螺线管CS(Center Solenoid)电源、PF1-10(Poloidal Field)极向场电源,共12套电源,所有电源均由交流脉冲发电机供电,使用相控整流方案。本文主要设计满足EXL-50U高参数需求的磁场电源,设计重点是提升电源能力,制定高参数工况下的保护策略,内容包括控制与保护系统、交流脉冲发电机的供电方案,变压器与变流器设计,最后给出了实际测试获得的各电源实际波形图,展示在中心螺线管击穿的条件下形成等离子体电流的电源工作波形,以验证设计电源的可靠性与可控性。

改进反激拓扑模式下远端稳压电源控制方案

为提高远端稳压电源的供电质量,最大限度的在高可靠性前提下保证发射设备输出电压快速、平稳地达到设定值,提出一种改进反激拓扑模式下远端稳压电源设计方式,并建立相应数学模型。设计了前置论域整定的模糊比例积分微分(PID)控制算法,通过论域整定模型将模糊PID参数直接映射到模糊规则下,消除试凑法偶然性的同时消除了量化因子对误差的放大作用,有效地避免了过度调整的现象;引用模糊逻辑来实时处理远端稳压电源的动态参量值,并根据反模糊映射函数将生成的量化值映射到控制元件。仿真环境模拟结果表明:与模糊PID控制相比,前置论域整定的模糊PID控制算法具有优良稳态性能,调节时间缩短48.1%,响应时间缩短了28.6%并降低到1.4 ms;与此同时,该控制方案能够有效地抵抗突发性干扰,稳压输出时间缩短了45.5%,响应时间缩短到37.5%。实验结果表明:前置整定模糊PID控制算法可以运用到实际工业环境中,与工业环境下传统控制算法比,前置整定模糊PID控制算法可以大幅提高远端稳压电源的供电质量,具备优良的鲁棒性。

一种应用于车载辅助电源的DC-DC变换器

以应用于车载辅助电源模块APM(auxiliary power module)的DC-DC变换器设计为研究对象,提出1种由三电平升压型TL-Boost(three-level Boost)拓扑和半桥LLC谐振拓扑构成的两级式DC-DC变换器拓扑结构,分析其工作原理。前级TL-Boost拓扑将宽范围的输入电压转换为稳定电压,保证了后级半桥LLC谐振拓扑的高效率运行。通过搭建实验平台并进行相关实验,结果验证了所提DC-DC变换器的可行性和正确性。