Inclined Window Solar Box Cooker with One External Reflector Designed for the Mediterranean Latitudes

Off-grid solar cooking in the developed and developing regions of the world is becoming one response to climate change that causes wood-fuel shortages and an increase in cost of coal, gas, and electricity production and their transportation. This paper examines a series unloaded temperature and loaded (food) performance metrics for an inclined window solar box cooker (SBC) designed for Mediterranean latitudes (35.31˚N, 24.31˚E). Solar radiation analysis using two different computer software platforms (SunCalc and Autodesk Revit® with insight plug-in software) is used to date and time-stamp the solar box cooker solar input power. Performed sensible heat tests demonstrate that the solar cooker can reach unloaded internal temperatures of 120˚C at a solar irradiance of 192 W, and a first figure of merit of 0.08 to 0.105. Food cooking metrics is performed on: whole eggs-without water, and the following with water;White medium-grain rice, rice pudding, pastitsio #2 pasta and Brown small lentils. The analytical metrics reveals that their required cooking power is 13 to 53 W;cooking energy of 94 to 210 kJ and energy density is 0.2 to 0.6 kJ⋅g−1. Using day and time-stamped computed solar input power the food cooking power efficiency varies between 6% to 8.9% for three whole eggs-without water, and 16% to 35.5% for rice, pasta, and lentils cooked in water. For water-stressed communities in traditional desert and emerging drought regions a mass-based wastewater/product metrics is used to help drive the water efficiency of the solar cooking process.

基于Cook距离的阻尼多道奇异谱分析分离绕射波

地震绕射是提升小尺度不规则地质体成像横向分辨率的重要手段。常规地震记录中的绕射波会被能量强的反射波掩盖,因此需要分离出绕射波并成像。阻尼多道奇异谱分析是一种秩约束类的去噪方法,其原理为地震数据经过Hankel变换后做奇异值分解,反射波和绕射波分别对应着数值较大和较小的奇异值。然而该算法依赖人工确定反射波场的秩,不适用于海量地震数据处理。为了克服人工选择奇异值的问题,提出使用Cook距离作为自动计算反射波场秩的解决方案。将Cook距离和阻尼多道奇异谱分析算法相结合以实现反射和绕射波分离。模拟共炮检距道集和叠后实际数据实验表明,该方法能够有效获得高质量绕射波场。

宫腔镜下冷刀分离术联合COOK球囊治疗宫腔粘连患者的临床效果

目的探讨宫腔镜下冷刀分离术联合COOK球囊治疗宫腔粘连(IUA)患者的临床效果。方法84例IUA患者随机分为两组,对照组采用宫腔镜下冷刀分离术治疗,观察组采用宫腔镜下冷刀分离术联合COOK球囊治疗,比较两组的炎性因子水平、宫腔再次粘连发生率。结果观察组术后1个月的血清IL-4、IL-6、IL-8水平均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。随访期间,观察组的宫腔再次粘连发生率为4.76%,显著低于对照组的19.05%(P<0.05)。结论宫腔镜下冷刀分离术联合COOK球囊治疗IUA患者能够明显减轻其炎性反应,降低宫腔再次粘连发生率。

基于Johnson-Cook本构模型的1060铝动态力学性能参数识别及验证

为了建立1060铝材料动态本构模型,利用万能材料试验机和霍普金森拉杆装置,对1060铝试件在25~300℃范围内的准静态力学性能和0.01~4 922 s^(-1)拉伸应变率范围内的动态拉伸力学性能进行试验,基于试验结果和J-C本构模型,拟合得到了材料的J-C本构模型,并结合1060铝薄板结构的冲击变形试验和数值仿真对J-C本构模型的准确性进行验证。结果表明:在拉伸载荷作用下,当应变率从准静态向高应变率转变时,1060铝表现出明显的应变硬化特征和应变率敏感性,真实应力随应变率的升高而增大,而材料在高应变率区则表现出较低的应变率敏感性;材料表现出显著的温度热软化效应,其塑性屈服强度随着温度升高而显著降低;利用建立的J-C本构模型对薄板结构的冲击变形进行仿真,仿真与试验结果偏差为2.01%~8.86%。可见,本文建立的J-C本构模型可以表征1060铝材料的动态力学行为。

Nutrition impacts of non-solid cooking fuel adoption on under-five children in developing countries

This paper examines the nutrition impacts of using non-solid cooking fuel on under-five children in developing countries.We draw on data from more than 1.12 million children in 62 developing countries from the Demographic and Health Surveys(DHS).Results from both fixed effects(FE)and instrumental variable(IV)estimates show that using non-solid cooking fuel significantly improves the nutrition outcomes of under-five children.Compared with their peers from households mainly using solid fuel,children from households mainly using non-solid fuel exhibit a lower probability of experiencing stunting(by 5.9 percentage points)and being underweight(by 1.2 percentage points).Our further investigation provides evidence for several underlying mechanisms,such as improved indoor air quality,induced reduction in children’s respiratory symptoms,benefits on maternal health,and reduction in maternal time spent on fuel collection or cooking.Heterogenous analyses suggest that the nutrition benefits of using non-solid cooking fuel are more prominent among boys,children above three years old,and those from households of lower socioeconomic status,rural areas,and Southeast Asia.

超声振动软化Johnson-Cook模型建立及薄管卷边实验验证

为准确描述轻质薄壁构件在超声振动辅助成形中的变形行为,以TU1无氧铜和316L不锈钢为对象,开展超声振动法向激励辅助单向拉伸试验。考虑超声振动软化效应,通过引入新的超声软化函数,建立一种超声振动Johnson-Cook模型。开发自定义子程序将模型嵌入有限元软件进行模拟,且与单向拉伸试验和卷边试验进行对比验证。结果表明:数值模型可有效捕捉材料超声振动软化行为,平均绝对比例误差最低可达0.97%。虽然不同材料对超声振动的敏感性不同,但其超声软化率与超声能场密度均符合一种Allometricl函数关系。

葡萄糖酸钙联合COOK球囊和缩宫素在延期妊娠引产中的效果研究

为研究葡萄糖酸钙联合COOK球囊及缩宫素在延期妊娠引产中的效果,以2022年7月—12月在南宁市妇幼保健院住院的80例延期妊娠引产产妇为研究对象,其中对照组(40例)采用COOK球囊、缩宫素引产,观察组(40例)采用葡萄糖酸钙、COOK球囊、缩宫素引产.研究显示,观察组在产程时间、阴道分娩率、并发症发生率方面显著优于对照组(P<0.05).这表明,在延期妊娠引产中联合应用葡萄糖酸钙、COOK球囊、缩宫素具有较好的引产效果.

Dietary cooking oils and cardiometabolic measurements in an elderly Chinese population

OBJECTIVE To investigate three features of dietary cooking oil intake,namely,the consumption,cooking style,and composition of fatty acids in relation to several cardiometabolic measurements in an elderly Chinese population.METHODS The elderly(≥65 years)participants for this study were recruited from two community health centers in the urban area of Shanghai.A questionnaire was administered to collect information on dietary oil consumption(low,medium and high)and cooking styles(fry or stir-fry vs.others)and the composition of fatty acids(poly-unsaturated vs.mono-unsaturated).The cardiometabolic measurements included anthropometry,blood pressure,fasting plasma glucose and serum lipids.RESULTS The 1186 study participants had a mean age of 70.9±5.4 years.The mean dietary oil consumption was 35.0 g/d,being low(<25 g/d),medium(25-49 g/d)and high(≥50 g/d)in 485,467 and 234 participants,respectively.The proportion of the fry or stir-fry cooking style and oils rich in mono-unsaturated fatty acids was 30.4%and 27.4%,respectively.Both before and after adjustment for sex,age,current smoking and alcohol intake,dietary oil consumption was significantly(P≤0.02)and positively associated with the prevalence of treated hypertension and fasting plasma glucose concentration.With similar adjustments as above and additional adjustment for dietary oil consumption,the fry or stir-fry cooking style was significantly(P≤0.048)and positively associated with body mass index,but inversely with systolic and diastolic blood pressure and serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and the dietary intake of oils rich in mono-unsaturated fat acids was significantly(P≤0.02)and positively associated with diastolic blood pressure,serum triglycerides,total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia.CONCLUSIONS This study showed that both the consumption and composition of fatty acids of the dietary oils mattered with regard to several cardiometabolic measurements in an elderly Chinese population.

针刺联合COOK双球囊对足月妊娠催产及新生儿结局的影响

目的 观察针刺联合COOK双球囊对足月妊娠催产及新生儿结局的影响。方法 对100例足月妊娠催产患者展开回顾性研究,根据催产方法的不同将其分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组给予COOK双球囊催产,观察组在对照组基础上给予针刺合谷、三阴交催产。观察两组产程、宫颈Bishop评分、视觉模拟量表(visual analog scale, VAS)评分、宫颈扩张耗时、分娩方式的变化,并比较两组临床疗效及新生儿不良结局。结果 观察组总有效率(96.0%)高于对照组(78.0%)(P<0.05)。观察组第一、第二、第三产程及总产程均短于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后宫颈Bishop评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组治疗1 h后、6 h后、12 h后及胎儿娩出后VAS评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组宫颈扩张2 cm、4 cm、6 cm、8 cm和10 cm耗时均短于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组经阴道分娩率(84.0%)高于对照组(62.0%)(P<0.05)。观察组新生儿不良结局总发生率(2.0%)低于对照组(16.0%)(P<0.05)。结论 针刺联合COOK双球囊可有效缩短足月妊娠催产产妇产程,促进宫颈扩张,减轻分娩疼痛感,提高经阴道分娩率,改善新生儿结局。

Genome-Wide Association Study of Cooked Rice Textural Attributes and Starch Physicochemical Properties in indica Rice

Rice cooking and eating qualities(CEQ)are mainly determined by cooked rice textural parameters and starch physicochemical properties.However,the genetic bases of grain texture and starch properties in rice have not been fully understood.We conducted a genome-wide association study for apparent amylose content(AAC),starch pasting viscosities,and cooked rice textural parameters using 279 indica rice accessions from the 3000 Rice Genome Project.We identified 26 QTLs in the whole population and detected single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)with the lowest P-value at the Waxy(Wx)locus for all traits except pasting temperature and cohesiveness.Additionally,we detected significant SNPs at the SUBSTANDARD STARCH GRAIN6(SSG6)locus for AAC,setback(SB),hardness,adhesiveness,chewiness(CHEW),gumminess(GUM),and resilience.We subsequently divided the population using a SNP adjacent to the Waxy locus,and identified 23 QTLs and 12 QTLs in two sub-panels,WxT and WxA,respectively.In these sub-panels,SSG6 was also identified to be associated with pasting parameters,including peak viscosity,hot paste viscosity,cold paste viscosity,and consistency viscosity.Furthermore,a candidate gene encoding monosaccharide transporter 5(OsMST5)was identified to be associated with AAC,breakdown,SB,CHEW,and GUM.In total,39 QTLs were co-localized with known genes or previously reported QTLs.These identified genes and QTLs provide valuable information for genetic manipulation to improve rice CEQ.

Trans-PRK for recurrent epithelial corneal erosion induced by cooking oil accidentally after EVO ICL

Dear Editor,We report a case with trans-photorefractive keratectomy(PRK)for recurrent epithelial corneal erosion caused by cooking oil after EVO-implantable contact lens(ICL)(EVO Visian ICL;STAAR Surgical AG,Switzerland),which should be distinguished from postoperative complications of EVO-ICL.Most corneal burns are classified as chemical and thermal burns,referring to direct contact injury to the cornea.

基于全局响应面算法的Q235B钢的Johnson-Cook模型参数最优

This study investigates the mechanical properties of Q235B steel through quasi-static tests at both room temperature and elevated temperature.The initial values of the Johnson-Cook model parameters are determined using a fitting method.The global response surface algorithm is employed to optimize and calibrate the Johnson-Cook model parameters for Q235B steel under both room temperature and elevated temperature conditions.A simulation model is established at room temperature,and the simulated mechanical performance curves for displacement and stress are monitored.Multiple optimization algorithms are applied to optimize and calibrate the model parameters at room temperature.The global response surface algorithm is identified as the most suitable algorithm for this optimization problem.Sensitivity analysis is conducted to explore the impact of model parameters on the objective function.The analysis indicates that the optimized material model better fits the experimental values,aligning more closely with the actual test results of material strain mechanisms over a wide temperature range.

COOK球囊联合催产素和人工破膜在足月宫颈条件不成熟孕妇引产中应用效果对比研究

目的对比分析COOK球囊联合催产素和人工破膜在足月宫颈条件不成熟孕妇引产中的应用价值。方法选取2019年3月至2022年3月于龙泉市人民医院待产的85例足月宫颈条件不成熟孕妇作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为球囊组(n=42)和人工破膜组(n=43),球囊组采用COOK球囊联合催产素引产,人工破膜组采用人工破膜引产。对比两组促宫颈成熟效果、产妇应激水平、产程及分娩结局。结果球囊组引产后24 h的Bishop评分高于人工破膜组(P<0.05),且促宫颈成熟总有效率高于人工破膜组(P<0.05);球囊组血清儿茶酚胺(CA)、皮质醇(Cor)水平均低于人工破膜组(P<0.05);球囊组第一产程、第二产程均较人工破膜组短(P<0.05);球囊组转剖宫产率及不良事件发生率均较人工破膜组低(P<0.05)。结论相较于人工破膜,COOK球囊联合催产素促宫颈成熟效果更佳,可减轻产妇应激反应,缩短产程,降低剖宫产率及不良事件发生率。

Thermal and textural properties of extruded rice affect its cooking performances and the texture of the steamed extruded rice

Extruded rice has increasingly gained popularity in the market due to its convenience and acceptable texture.The objective of this study was to understand how the physicochemical,thermal,and textural properties of the extruded rice affected its cooking properties and texture of the cooked one.It was found that air trapped in the grains during extrusion reduced the transparency of extruded rice.More air trapped in the grains reduced the true density of the extruded rice,which in turn decreased the hardness of extruded rice.A looser internal structure of extruded rice grain,as indicated by the lower true density,resulted in a faster hydration and shorter optimum cooking time.Extruded rices showed two thermal-transition peaks,with peak 1 from 93.3℃ to 112.8℃ and peak 2 from 107.5℃ to 132.5℃.The increased hardness of extruded rice led to increases in its thermaltransition temperatures,longer optimum steaming time,and decreases in its water absorption and cooking loss,which resulted in an increase in the hardness and a reduction in the adhesiveness of the steamed one.This study provides insights into the key factors determining the eating quality of extruded rice,which is beneficial for food scientists in developing premium extruded rice.

Integrated gut microbiota,plasma metabolomics and network pharmacology to reveal the anti-ischemic stroke effect of cooked rhubarb

Background:Cooked rhubarb(CR)is obtained by steaming raw rhubarb(Rheum palmatum L.,Rheum officinale Baill.,or Rheum tanguticum Maxim.ex Balf.)with millet wine.It is used as a traditional Chinese medicine for treating cerebral stroke,where patients often face severe constipation.This study explored the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of CR against ischemic stroke(IS)in rats.We used integrated analysis of gut microbiota,metabolomics,and network pharmacology.Methods:The compounds in CR were identified using LC-MS/MS.The impact of CR on rat middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion(MCAO/R)-induced cerebral infarct size and brain tissue pathology was assessed through 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride and HE staining.Changes in hemorheology were measured by evaluating blood viscosity,and serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine were also determined.Gut microbiota composition was analyzed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing.Serum metabolites were examined using untargeted metabolomics and Spearman correlation analysis.The pseudo-germ-free test was used to determine whether tumour necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-1β(IL-1β)improvement in IS are dependent on gut microbiota.Results:In vivo studies showed CR enhances neurobehavioral function in MCAO/R rats and reduces cerebral infarction area.CR also ameliorates brain and intestinal barrier damage caused by stroke.It also decreased inflammation and oxidative stress in IS rats.Furthermore,CR promotes the growth of Akkermansia and Verrucomicrobia,aiding in intestinal barrier repair.Notably,CR primarily influences the primary bile acid biosynthesis pathway.The pseudo-germ-free experiment and network pharmacology confirmed TNF-αand IL-1βas potential targets.CR relies on gut microbiota for its anti-inflammatory effects to improve IS.Conclusion:Cooked rhubarb offers neuroprotective benefits by enhancing beneficial bacteria abundance and regulating bile acid metabolism.It emerges as a potential therapeutic agent for IS.

分娩球联合COOK球囊促宫颈成熟干预对足月引产产妇的效果

目的:探讨足月引产产妇予以分娩球联合COOK球囊促宫颈成熟干预的效果。方法:选取2021年12月—2023年12月无锡市人民医院收治的132例足月引产产妇作为研究对象,按随机数表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各66例。对照组给予COOK球囊促宫颈成熟干预,观察组给予分娩球+COOK球囊促宫颈成熟干预。观察两组宫颈成熟度、分娩疼痛、心理状况、分娩方式、产程时间以及分娩结局等指标水平变化情况。结果:干预后,观察组Bishop量表中的宫口开大、宫颈管消退、先露位置、宫颈硬度以及宫口位置等评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)与焦虑自评量表(SAS)等评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组自然分娩率以及3个产程耗时均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组产后出血、产褥期感染、产后尿潴留以及新生儿窒息发生率以及新生儿Apgar评分均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:足月引产产妇分娩中实施分娩球联合COOK球囊促宫颈成熟干预,可明显改善产妇负性情绪,并可有效缓解产妇疼痛度,促进宫颈成熟度,还可缩短产程时间,提高自然分娩成功率,改善分娩结局。

Cook球囊引产后实施心理干预对妊娠结局的影响

目的分析Cook球囊引产后实施心理干预对改善妊娠结局的临床意义。方法本研究选取2022年1月至2023年6月本院实施Cook球囊引产的72例产妇为研究对象,随机分为对照组和试验组,各36例。对照组给予常规护理,试验组在常规护理基础上增加心理干预护理。比较两组产妇的自然分娩率、剖宫产分娩率、产钳分娩率及不良事件发生率,并进行心理状态和护理满意度评分对比。结果试验组自然分娩率高于对照组,不良事件发生率低于对照组(均P<0.05),两组剖宫产分娩率、产钳分娩率相比(均P>0.05)。试验组产程时间短、产后出血量少,心理状态评分低于对照组,护理满意度评分高于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论Cook球囊引产后增加心理干预可以有效改善产妇的妊娠结局,降低不良事件发生率。

足月妊娠产妇宫颈COOK球囊引产结局及影响因素分析

目的探讨足月妊娠产妇应用宫颈COOK球囊引产的结局,分析相关影响因素。方法采用回顾性分析,选取咸阳市妇幼保健院2021年1月至2023年10月收治的196例足月妊娠产妇,均采用宫颈COOK球囊进行引产。产妇年龄(29.48±4.61)岁,体重指数(BMI)(26.52±1.86)kg/m^(2),球囊放置前宫颈Bishop评分(4.03±0.46)分。根据引产结局将产妇分为引产成功组和引产失败组,分析影响引产结局的因素。组间比较采用独立样本t检验、χ^(2)检验,影响因素采用二元logistic回归分析,引产结局预测价值采用受试者操作特征曲线(ROC)进行评估。结果196例足月妊娠产妇中,引产成功145例,引产失败51例(产钳助产10例,药物辅助引产9例,剖腹产32例);引产失败组年龄、新生儿体重及产前BMI>25 kg/m^(2)、初产、球囊放置时间>12 h占比均高于引产成功组(均P<0.05),Bishop评分低于引产成功组(P<0.05),两组孕周、并发症、引产指征、胎膜早破比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄增长、产前BMI>25 kg/m^(2)、初产、新生儿体重增加是影响引产失败的危险因素(均P<0.05),Bishop评分升高为引产成功的有利因素(P<0.05),预测足月妊娠产妇应用宫颈COOK球囊引产失败的曲线下面积为0.812,灵敏度为72.55%,特异度为75.17%。结论足月妊娠产妇应用宫颈COOK球囊引产具有一定的引产失败风险,其中年龄升高、产前BMI>25 kg/m^(2)、初产、新生儿体重升高是足月妊娠产妇引产失败的危险因素。

COOK宫颈双球囊引产失败的影响因素

目的:分析COOK宫颈双球囊引产失败的影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2022年1月至2024年2月该院收治的140例足月单胎妊娠产妇的临床资料。统计COOK宫颈双球囊引产效果,依据是否发生引产失败将其分为发生组和未发生组,采用Logistic回归分析COOK宫颈双球囊引产失败的影响因素。结果:140例产妇COOK宫颈双球囊引产失败30例,设为发生组,其余未发生引产失败,设为未发生组。发生组年龄≥35岁、初产妇、体质量指数>25 kg/m^(2)、一次性球囊放置时间>12 h、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血压等占比均高于未发生组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥35岁、初产妇、体质量指数>25 kg/m^(2)、一次性球囊放置时间>12 h、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血压等均为影响COOK宫颈双球囊引产失败的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论:年龄≥35岁、初产妇、体质量指数>25 kg/m^(2)、一次性球囊放置时间>12 h、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血压等均为影响COOK宫颈双球囊引产失败的危险因素。

宫腔粘连TCRA治疗中COOK球囊支架放置时间对术后复发及妊娠的影响

目的观察宫腔粘连患者TCRA治疗中COOK球囊支架放置时间对患者术后复发及妊娠的影响。方法将我院妇产科2022年1月至2023年1月被确诊IUA且有妊娠需求的患者60例作为研究对象,随机分为短期组与长期组,每组30例。分别比较两组患者的临床疗效、妊娠与复发情况。结果长期组与短期组患者疗效分别为93.33%、70.00%,长期组显著高于短期组(P<0.05);随访期间,长期组妊娠率及复发率均优于短期组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于IUA患者,TCRA治疗中COOK球囊支架放置时间延长至1个月比1周疗效更显著,能够提高妊娠率,减少复发风险。