Synthesis of energetic coordination polymers based on 4-nitropyrazole by solid-melt crystallization in non-ionization condition

Based on the theory of crystallization,a solvent-free solid-liquid phase crystallization method called solid-melt crystallization was designed to prepare energetic coordination polymers.Two target compounds[Cu(NPyz)_(4)NO_(3)]·NO_(3)(ECPs-1)and Cu(NPyz)_(4)(ClO_(4))_(2)(ECCs-2)were prepared through programmed heating and cooling by using 4-nitropyrazole(NPyz),(Cu(NO_(3))_(2)·5H_(2)O and Cu(ClO_(4))_(2)·5H_(2)O) as raw materials.In addition,crystallization pre-experiments and annealing experiments also verified the feasibility of the method.Their structures were confirmed by IR,elemental analysis,single-crystal X-ray diffraction and powder X-ray diffraction.The physicochemical properties and sensitivity test results showed that ECCs-2 has better thermal stability(T_(d)=221℃),while ECPs-1 is less sensitive to mechanical stimuli(IS=12 J,FS=240 N).Calculations based on EXPLO5 and the Kamlet-Jacobs equation showed that ECCs-2 has more considerable detonation performance(P=25.2 GPa,D=7.5 km/s).In comparison,the more intuitive results from the HN test,flame test,thermal resistance test and lead plate explosion test revealed that ECCs-2 has an“acceptable”detonation performance.The laser detonation test also showed that ECCs-2 is a promising excellent laser detonation material(E=408 mJ,P=24 W,τ=17 ms).

Encapsulation of lipases on coordination polymers and their catalytic performance in glycerolysis and esterification

In this study,lipases of CALB(Candida antarctica lipase B),TLL(Thermomyces lanuginosa lipase),RML(Rhizomucor miehei lipase),CALA(Candida antarctica lipase A)and LU(Lecitase?Ultra)were encapsulated into the nucleotidehybrid metal coordination polymers(CPs)for diacylglyerols(DAG)preparation.Guanosine 5'-monophosphate(GMP)and adenosine 5'-monophosphate(AMP)were used as coordinating molecules,and metal ions of Fe^(3+),Ba^(2+),Mn^(2+),Ni^(2+)and Cr^(3+)were applied to prepare matrix.Results indicated that,besides Ba^(2+)with AMP,all other metal ions can coordinate with AMP and GMP to generate CPs.In addition,the AMP/Ni was amorphous when standing temperature was 4℃,while it was crystalline when standing temperature was from 30 to 180℃.DAG content from 47.55%to 64.99%was obtained from glycerolysis by CALB@GMP/Ba,RML@GMP/Ba,TLL@GMP/Ba,RML@GMP/Mn and TLL@GMP/Mn.Additionally,CALB@GMP/Fe showed selectivity towards DAG formation in the esterification and DAG content up to 61.88%was obtained.

Efficient catalytic conversion of carbohydrates into 5-ethoxymethylfurfural over MIL-101-based sulfated porous coordination polymers

In this work, a series of MIL-101-SO3H（x） polymeric materials were prepared and further used for the first time as efficient heterogeneous catalysts for the conversion of fructose-based carbohydrates into 5-ethoxymethylfurfural（EMF） in a renewable mixed solvent system consisting of ethanol and tetrahydrofuran（THF）. The influence of –SO3H content on the acidity as well as on the catalytic activity of the porous coordination polymers in EMF production was also studied. High EMF yields of 67.7% and 54.2% could be successively obtained from fructose and inulin in the presence of MIL-101-SO;H（100） at 130 °C for 15 h.The catalyst could be reused for five times without significant loss of its activity and the recovery process was facile and simple. This work provides a new platform by application of porous coordination polymers（PCPs） for the production of the potential liquid fuel molecule EMF from biomass in a sustainable solvent system.

Two Coordination Polymers Containing Linear Co(Ⅱ)-Trinuclear and Cu(Ⅱ)-Chain Assembled from 4-Fluorocinnamic Acid and N-Donor Ligand

Two new coordination polymers,named {[Co3（pfca）6（phen）2]·2H2O}n（1） and[Cu（pfca）2（4,4＇-bpy）（H2O）]n（2）（Hpfca = 4-fluorocinnamic acid and 4,4-bpy = 4,4-bipyridine）,were hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis,IR spectroscopy,thermogravimetric analysis（TGA）,and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.Complex 1 crystallizes in the triclinic crystal system,space group P1 with a = 10.939（3）,b = 12.430（4）,c = 13.815（4） A,α=78.436（3）,β= 70.261（3）,γ= 80.268（3）°,V= 1721.8（9） A^3,Dc = 1.508 g/cm^3,Mr= 1564.06,Z = 1,F（000） = 799,μ= 0.802 mm^（-1）,the final R = 0.0432 and wR = 0.1015 for 13250 observed reflections with I 2σ（I）.Complex 2 is of monoclinic system,space group P2／lc with a =15.4985（14）,b = 15.8424（14）,c = 10.9528（10） A,β= 107.1600（10）°,V= 2569.6（4） A^3,Dc = 1.468g/cm^3,Mr = 568.02,Z = 4,F（000） = 1164,μ= 0.906 mm^（-1）,the final R = 0.0371 and wR = 0.0842 for 18183 observed reflections with I〉 2σ（I）.Complex 1 features linear Co（Ⅱ）-trinuclear units,which are assembled into a final 3D supramolecular structure through π…π stacking interactions and F-H weak interactions.Complex 2 consists of 1D polymeric Cu（Ⅱ）-chains that are further cohered together by extensive H-bonds.

Cluster-based Magnetic Porous Coordination Polymers

The creation of a porous magnet is a long-sought academic goal since magnetism and porosity are hostile to one another. While long-range magnetic ordering needs spin carriers of short separation through short bridges, porosity relies on the use of extended connecting ligands. Here, we will give a survey of the cluster-based magnetic porous coordination polymers, i.e., 0-D MPCPs, according to their functional subunits： （1） nanoporous spin crossover materials with single metal nodes; （2） metal-radical approach with rigid organic radical ligands and single metal nodes; （C） PCPs with rigid organic ligands and metal oligomer nodes; （D） PCPs with metal complex linkers and polymetal cluster nodes; （E） PCPs with organo-polymetal cluster linkers and single metal nodes. The assembly from clusters can provide a reasonable route to resolve the hostility between magnetism and porosity. This assembly’s merits are obvious： the pore benefits from the big cluster according to ＂Scale Chemistry＂, and the functional framework inherits interesting physical properties from the clusters with a large ground spin S.

Three Lanthanide Coordination Polymers Based on Novel Rigid Tetracarboxylate Ligand:Syntheses,Crystal Structures,and Luminescence Properties

Three lanthanide coordination polymers [Ln（bcpb）0.5（NO3）（DEF）2] （Ln = Y （1）, Tb （2）, Eu （3）, H4bcpb = 2,5-bis（2,4-dicarboxyphenyl） pyridine and DEF = N,N-diethylformamide）） have been solvothermally synthesized under hydrothermal conditions with a novel Hnbcpb ligand and trivalent lanthanide nitrates. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that compounds 1-3 are isostructural and crystallize in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n. Crystal data for 1： C20H26N409Y, Mr = 555.36, a = 13.022（9）, b = 17.778（12）, c = 10.861（8） A, β= 100.208（3）°, V = 2475（3） A3, Z = 4; Crystal data for 2： C20H26N4OgTb, Mr = 625.37, a = 13.0476（4）, b = 17.8037（7）, c = 10.9398（3） A, β = 100.008（4）°, V = 2496.4（12） A3, Z = 4; Crystal data for 3： C20H26N409Eu, Mr = 618.41, a = 13.055（4）, b = 17.833（5）, c = 10.893（3）A, β = 100.133（4）°, V= 2496.4（12） A3, Z = 4. The compounds were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis （TGA）, IR spectroscopy, and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. Compounds 1-3 all feature 2D networks with -ABAB- fashions. The luminescent properties of compounds 1-3 and free H4bcpb ligand were investigated at room temperature. The results show that the H4bcpb ligand can efficiently transfer energy to the Tb（III） ions, while the energy is not fully transferred from the H4bcpb ligand to the Eu（III） ions.

Interesting Weak Interactions in Three Silver Coordination Polymers Based on Tetrafluorobenzenedicarboxylate and Benzonitrile Ligands

The assembly reactions of o- （or m-, or p-） tetrafluorobenzenedicarboxylic acid （denoted as o-H2L, m-H2L and p-HzL, respectively）, benzonitrile and Ag＋ ion led to three compounds： [Ag2（PhCN）2（o-HL）2]n （1）, [Ag2（PhCN）2（m-HL）2]n （2） and [Ag2（PhCN）2（p-L）], （3）. 1 and 2 feature a 1D coordination chain, while 3 bears a 2D net structure. A variety of weak interactions are observed in the compounds. Strong nwrinteractions connect the 1D chains into a 3D supramolecular network in 1. Hydrogen bonds connect the chains into layers in 2. Three types of interesting π-π interactions also assemble the 2D layers into a 3D overall structure in 3.

Construction of a Set of Cadmium(Ⅱ) Coordination Polymers with Atza and 2,2′-Bipy or 1,10-Phen Ligands (Atza=5-Aminotetrazole-1-acetato Anion)

Reactions of CdX2（X=NO3-, ClO4-） with Hatza （atza=5-aminotetrazole-1-acetato anion） and 2,2′-bipyridine （2,2′-bipy） or 1,10-phenanthroline （1,10-phen） in a methanol/aqueous solution produced a set of new Cd（Ⅱ） coordination polymers, {[Cd（atza）（H2O）（2,2′-bipy）]ClO4}n （1）, {[Cd（atza）（H2O）（1,10-phen）]ClO4 }n （2）, {[Cd（atza）（H2O）（2,2′-bipy）]NO3}n （3） and {[Cd（atza）2 （1,10-phen）]·0.5H2O}n （4）. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that each Cd（Ⅱ） ion has a distorted octahedral coordination geometry in 1-4, and the Cd（Ⅱ） ion centers are connected through the tridentate atza bridging ligands to form a 2D layer （1-3） or ID chain （4） structure. The fluorescent properties of 2 and 4 are also discussed.

Effect of Substituent Groups on the Syntheses of Two Ag Coordination Polymers Based on Tetrazole-yl Acylamide

Two novel Ag coordination polymers based on tetrazole-yl acylamide, Ag（NTAA） （1, H-NTAA = N-（1H-tetrazol-5-yl）acetamide） and Ag（NTPA） （2, H-NTPA = N-（1H-tetrazol- 5-yl）propionamide） have been synthesized under solvothermal conditions and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 features a 3-connected 4.82-fes network and compound 2 displays a ladder-like chain. The different structures between 1 and 2 are mainly related with the substituent groups oftetrazole-yl acylamide.

Synthesis and Structure of Ag(I)- Containing Coordination Polymers Based on Quaternary Ammonium Template Reagent

A novel coordination polymer [(C8H20N)(Ag2I3)]n ([C8H20N]+ = tetraethyl ammo- nium (TEA)) was synthesized by the reaction of AgI and C8H20NI at room temperature with pH = 6.5, and structurally characterized by means of X-ray single-crystal diffraction. It crystallizes in orthorhombic, space group Pna21 with a = 7.3323(9), b = 18.250(2), c =12.5294(15) ?, C6.33H16.16NAg2I3, Mr = 702.76, V = 1676.6(4) ?3, Z = 4, Dc = 2.784 g/cm3, F(000) = 1256.6, μ(MoKα) = 7.828 mm-1, the final R = 0.0529 and wR = 0.1586 for 1189 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I). X-ray analysis shows that the [Ag2I3]n- chain is built up by AgI4 tetrahedron and in combination with quaternary ammonium cations ([C8H20N]+) by static attractive forces to form the so-called organic-inorganic hybrid material.

From Chain to Layer Structure: Zn^(II) Coordination Polymers Derived from Diphenic Acid

Three Zn^Ⅱ coordination polymers, [Zn（py）（H2O）（dpa）]n 1, [Zn2（4,4’-bipy）2（dpa）2]n 2 and [Zn（bpe）（H2O）2（Hdpa）2]n 3 （py=pyridine, H2dpa=diphenic acid, 4,4＇-bipy-4,4＇-bipyridine, bpe = 1,2-bis（4-pyridyl）ethane）, were synthesized and characterized by X-ray single-crystal structure determination. 1 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group C2/c with a = 23.014（3）, b = 8.7184（13）, c = 18.091（3）A° ,8 = 95.964（3）°, V=3610.2（9）A°^3, Z=8, C19H15NO5Zn, Mr=402.69, Dc=1.482 g/cm^3, F（000）=1648, μ（MoKa）=1.389 mm^-1 the final R=0.0431 and wR = 0.1120 for 4239 observed reflections with 1〉2σ（I）. 2 crystallizes in orthorhombic, space group Fddd with a=23.1613（5）, b=24.0324（6）, c=29.4785（1）A°, V= 16408.4（5） A°3, Z=32, C24H16N2O4Zn, Mr=461.76, Dc=1.495 g/cm^3, F（000）=7552, μ（MoKa）=1.232 mm^-1, the final R=0.0542 and wR=0.1724 for 3632 observed reflections with 1〉2σ（I）. 3 crystallizes in orthorhombic, space group C2/c with a=19.142（4）, b = 13.862（3）, c = 15.625（3） A°,β=122.404（3）°, V= 3500.3（11）A°^3, Z=8, C2oHiTNO5Zn0.50, Mr=384.03, Dc=1.457 g/cm^3,F（000）=1592,μ（MoKα）=0.766 mm^-1, the final R=0.0400 and wR=0.1210 for 4024 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I）.

Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Two Co(II) Coordination Polymers with 4,4'-(Hexafluoroisopropylidene)bis(benzoic acid)

Two new one-dimensional zigzag chain coordination polymers, [Co（hfipbb）（2,2＇- bpy）（H2O）2]n 1 and [Co（hfipbb）（1,10-phen）（H2O）], 2, have been synthesized under hydrother- mal reactions from COCl2.6H20, 4,4＇-（hexafluoroisopropylidene）bis（benzoic acid） and 2,2＇ -bipyridine or 1,10-phenanthroline ligands, respectively. Single-crystal X-ray analyses revealed that the zigzag chains of 1 and 2 are linked into three-dimensional supramolecular networks by both O-H…O hydrogen-bonds and π…π stacking interactions. Crystal data for 1： CzTHajCoF6N2Os Mr = 641.38, orthorhombic, space group Pnna, a = 9.3820（19）, b = 27.366（6）, c = 10.106（2）A, V = 2594.8（9）A3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.642 g/cm3, F（000） = 1300,/t = 0.752 mm-l, R = 0.0311 and wR = 0.0924. Crystal data for 2： C29H18CoF6N2O5, Mr = 647.38, monoclinic, space group P21/n, a = 7.7626（16）, b = 29.446（6）, c = 11.281（2）A,β= 93.98（3）°, V= 2572.3（9）A3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.672 g/cm3, F（000） = 1308,μ= 0.757 mm-1, R = 0.0403 and wR = 0.0820.

Two Ni^Ⅱ/Cu^Ⅱ Coordination Polymers Based on Pyridyl-carboxylate Ligand:Synthesis,Crystal Structures and Magnetic Properties

Under hydrothermal conditions, the reactions of NiII/CuII ions with 3-（6-aminpyri- dinium-3-yl） benzoate （HL） afford two compounds [NiL2]n （1） and [CuL2（H2O）]n （2）. On the basis of X-ray diffraction analysis of the two compounds, the results show that compound 1 features one-dimensional （1D） double-strand coordination arrays, while 2 presents the 63-hcb layers. Both compounds are further constructed into a 3D supramolecular structure with the aid of weak secondary interactions. Thermal stabilities and magnetic properties of compounds 1 and 2 were also investigated.

Syntheses,Crystal Structures and Luminescent Properties of Two Lanthanide Coordination Polymers Based on Bifunctional Ligand

Two lanthanide coordination polymers, [Eu（HL）（L）（H2O）2]n（1） and [Tb（H0.5L）2]n（2）, based on bifunctional 5-（1H-imidazol-1-yl） isophthalic acid（H2L）, are hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by both single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction analyses, and FT-IR. In compound 1, the basic inorganic building unit of the coordination network is the dinuclear [Eu2（COO）6] cluster. Each [Eu2（COO）6] cluster connects four HL^- ligands and each HLligand links two [Eu2（COO）6] clusters, resulting in a 2D coordination layer. The adjacent 2 D layers are further connected via neighboring inter-layer hydrogen bonds to give a 3D supramolecular structure. In compound 2, the Tb^3＋ is coordinated to six oxygen atoms. Each Tb^3＋ ion connects six ligands and each ligand links three Tb^3＋ ions, leading to a 3D coordination polymeric network which exhibits remarkably high thermal stability up to 500℃. Furthermore, due to the successful incorporation of Tb^3＋, compound 2 displays characteristic luminescent emission in the solid state at room temperature. The combination of high thermal stability and fluorescent property of compound 2 would make it as a promising light-emitting material.

A Pair of 3D Homochiral Coordination Polymers with Open Channels Constructed by Lactic Acid Derivative Ligands and In-situ Formed Anions

With the help of in-situ formed CH_3COO- anion, a pair of 3D homochiral coordination polymers with open channels were constructed by the assembly of lactic acid derivative ligands, 1.4-DIB ligands and Cd（II） ions, namely [Cd3（（R）-CIA）2（CH3CO2）_2（1.4-DIB）2（H2O）2]·x（Guest）（1-D） and [Cd3（（S）-CIA）2（CH3CO2）2（1.4-DIB）2（H2O）2]·x（Guest）（1-L）. They contain 1D interesting ladder-like Cd-（R）-CIA（3-） chains and exhibit SHG-active behavior and photoluminescent property.

Synthesis and Structures of Three Erbium(Ⅲ) Dicarboxylate Coordination Polymers

Three polymeric erbium(Ⅲ) complexes [Er(oba)(Hoba)(H 2O) 2]H 2O (A),[Er 2(oba) 3(H 2O) 4] (B), [Er 2(oba) 3(2,2′ bpy) 2] (C) (H 2oba=4,4′ oxybis(benzoic acid), 2,2′ bpy = 2,2′ bipyridine) were hydrothermally synthesized by altering the metal/carboxylate ratios or in the presence of an additional chelate 2,2′ bpy ligand, and characterized by single crystal X ray diffraction. The results show that different metal/carboxylate ratios can influence the polymeric structures and the presence of 2,2′ bpy ligand alters the topology of the framework from two dimensional to three dimensional.

Two-dimensional bimetallic coordination polymers as bifunctional evolved electrocatalysts for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction and urea oxidation reaction

Two-dimensional coordination polymers(CPs) have aroused tremendous interest as electrocatalysts because the catalytic performance could be fine-tuned by their well-designed coordination layers with highly accessible and active metal sites.However,it remains great challenge for CP-based catalysts to be utilized for electrocatalytic oxidation reactions due to their inefficient activities and low catalytic stabilities.Herein,we applied a mixed-metal strategy to fabricate two-dimensional Co_xNi_(1-x)-CPs with dual active sites for electrocatalytic water and urea oxidation.By metal ratio regulation in the twodimensional layer,an optimized Co_(2/3)Ni_(1/3)-CP exhibits a water oxidation performance with an overpotential of 325 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2) and a Tafel slope of 86 mV dec^(-1) in alkaline solution for oxygen evolution reaction.Importantly,a lower potential than that of commercial RuO_(2) is observed over20 mA cm^(-2).Co_(2/3)Ni_(1/3)-CP also displays a potential of 1.381 V at 10 mA cm^(-2) for urea oxidation reaction and a Tafel slope of 124 mV dec^(-1).This mixed-metal strategy to maximize synergistic effect of different metal centers may ultimately lead to promising electrocatalysts for small molecule oxidation reaction.

In-Situ Composition and Luminescence of Europium and Terbium Coordination Polymers/PEMA Hybrid Thick Films

Europium and terbium coordination polymers of pyridine-3-carboxylic acid were in-situ composed with ethyt methacrylate （ EMA ）. With the polymerization of EMA monomer and the formation of europium and terbium coordination polymers of pyridiae- 3-carboxylic acid, the transparent hybrid thick fihns composed of [ Eu（ NIC ）3 ]n （ [ Tb（ NIC）3 ]n ） and poly ethyl mettuwrylate （ PEMA ） have been prepared. The luminescence properties and energy transfer of these polymeric composites were studied with absorption spectra, fluorescent excitation trod emission spectra in detail. All the hybrid thick films composed of terbium coordination polymer show the characteristic strong green emission of terbium ions, which implies the same energy transfer mechanism as the pure complex and the hybrid composite film is a suitable sabstrate for the luminescence of terbium ions. In the range of camposing concentration of luminescent species （0.01,0.025,0.05,0.1 mmol /15 mL EMA ）, emission intensities increase with the increasing of corresponding composing concentration and the concentration quenching effect does not take place.

H_(2)O_(2)-sensitive nanoscale coordination polymers for photoacoustic tumors imaging via in vivo chromogenic assay

Photoacoustic(PA)imaging with much deeper tissue penetration and better spatial resolution had been widely employed for the prevention and diagnosis of many diseases.In this study,a new type of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)T-activated photoacoustic nanoprobe[Mn-AH nanoscale coordination polymer nanodots(NCPs)]was successfully synthesized by a simple one-step method in water phase containing 2,20-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS),horse radish peroxidase(HRP),and manganese ion(Mn^(2+).After modification by polyethylene glycol(PEG),Mn-AH NCPs exhibited excellent stability and biocompatibility for in vivo H_(2)O_(2)-responsive chromogenic assay with great speci¯city and sensitivity.In the presence of H_(2)O_(2),colorless ABTS would be converted by HRP into the oxidized form with strong near-infrared(NIR)absorbance,enabling photoacoustic detection of endogenous H_(2)O_(2).Using H_(2)O_(2)-activated Mn-AH NCPs,we have successfully performed PA imaging and H_(2)O_(2)detection of subcutaneous murine colon CT26 tumor and deep-seated orthotopic bladder tumor.Due to the inherent Mn element existence inside the Mn-AH,this nanoprobe also serves as a good T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)contrast agent simultaneously.Lastly,after accomplishing its imaging functions,the Mn-AH NCPs could be cleared out from the body without any long-term toxicity,providing a new opportunity for cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Two One-dimensional Coordination Polymers Constructed from a Flexible Hinge-like Ligand

By using the flexible hinge-like ligand 2,2＇-bis（3-hydroxy-l,4-naphthoquinone） （H2bhnq）, two isomorphous one-dimensional zigzag chain coordination polymers have been obtained. Single-crystal X-ray analyses revealed that the metal centers in these two complexes are distorted octahedra involving four oxygen atoms of two bhnq2 anions, and two oxygen atoms of two DMF molecules situated in trans positions to one another. Crystal data for [Mn（bhnq）（DMF）2]n 1： C26H22MnN2O8, Mr = 545.40, monoclinic, space group C2/c, a = 14.936（3）, b = 10.362（2）, c = 15.901（3）A., β = 99.86（3）°, V = 2424.7（8）A3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.494 g/cm^3, F（000） = 1124,μ = 0.599 mm^-1, final GOOF = 1.025, R = 0.0654 and wR = 0.1537. Crystal data for [Cd（bhnq）（DMF）2]n 2： C26H22CdN2O8, Mr = 602.86, monoclinic, space group C2/c, a = 14.839（3）, b = 10.493（2）, c = 16.034（3）A, β = 99.40（3）°, V = 2463.1（9）A^3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.626 g/cm^3, F（000） = 1216,μ = 0.941 mm^-1, final GOOF = 1.069, R = 0.0358 and wR = 0.0944.