Influence of childhood trauma on adolescent internet addiction: The mediating roles of loneliness and negative coping styles

BACKGROUND In the information age,the use of the internet and multimedia tools has large effects on the life of middle school students.Improper use of the internet may result in internet addiction(IA).Thus,actively exploring the factors influencing adolescent and the mechanism of addiction as well as promoting adolescent physical and mental health and academic development are priorities that families,schools,and society urgently need to address.AIM To explore the effect of childhood trauma on adolescent IA and to consider the roles of loneliness and negative coping styles.METHODS A total of 11310 students from six junior high schools in Henan,China,completed the child trauma questionnaire,IA test,loneliness scale,and simple coping style questionnaire.In addition,data were collected from 1044 adolescents with child-hood trauma for analysis with IBM SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 28.0;we examined the relationships among childhood trauma,IA,loneliness,and negative coping styles.RESULTS We found that childhood trauma not only directly affected adolescents’IA but also affected IA through loneliness and negative coping styles.CONCLUSION Therefore,this study has theoretical implications regarding adolescent mental health and may inform interventions for IA.

The moderating role of NTSR1 polymorphisms on personality and coping styles among breast cancer patients

Background:Some personality traits could be a predictor for coping styles.The objective of this investigation was to examine the correlation between personality traits and coping mechanisms in the context of gene regulation among breast cancer patients.Material and methods:This cross-sectional study was performed in 2021.A total of 200 breast cancer patients were included in this study.Data were collected using the Trait Coping Style Questionnaire(TCSQ)and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale for Chinese(EPQ-RSC).And individuals’blood was tested for genotype.Results:The findings indicated that there existed an inverse relationship between extraversion and negative coping style while also demonstrating a significant association between extraversion and positive coping style.Neuroticism was positively correlated with negative coping style but negatively with positive coping style.The SNP of NTSR1 only moderated the relationship between neuroticism and negative coping styles in breast cancer patients.Conclusion:The present investigation delves into the correlation between personality traits and coping mechanisms at the molecular level in breast cancer patients.

Effect of continuous nursing on treatment compliance and side effect management of coronary heart disease

BACKGROUND There are relatively few studies on continuing care of coronary heart disease(CHD),and its research value needs to be further clarified.AIM To investigate the effect of continuous nursing on treatment compliance and side effect management in patients with CHD.METHODS This is a retrospective study with patients from January 2021 to 2023.The study was divided into two groups with 30 participants in each group.Self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and Self-rating depression scale(SDS)were used to assess patients'anxiety and depression,and medical coping questionnaire was used to assess patients'coping styles.The pelvic floor dysfunction questionnaire(PFDI-20)was used to assess the status of pelvic floor function,including bladder symptoms,intestinal symptoms,and pelvic symptoms.RESULTS SAS score decreased from 57.33±3.01before treatment to 41.33±3.42 after treatment,SDS score decreased from 50.40±1.45 to 39.47±1.57.The decrease of these two indexes was statistically significant(P<0.05).PFDI-20 scores decreased from the mean 16.83±1.72 before treatment to 10.47±1.3the mean after treatment,which was statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate that pioneering research in continuous care of CHD has a positive impact on improving patients'treatment compliance,reducing anxiety and depression levels,and improving coping styles and pelvic floor functional status.

Status Quo of Acceptance of Illness among Reproductive Age Cervical Cancer Patients and Its Influencing Factors

Objective: To explore the status quo of acceptance of illness among reproductive-age cervical cancer patients and its influencing factors, to provide a theoretical basis for the implementation of targeted interventions. Methods: The convenience sampling method was used to investigate 256 reproductive-age cervical cancer patients using the general information questionnaire, Acceptance of Illness Scale, Reproductive Concerns After Cancer Scale, and Medical Coping Style Scale. Results: The total score of the acceptance of illness was (18.03 ± 3.24), and reproductive concerns were (57.02 ± 6.30), among reproductive-age cervical cancer patients. Multivariate analysis showed that age, number of children, income level, treatment method, level of reproductive concerns, and the yield and avoidance dimensions of medical coping style were the main influencing factors on patients’ level of illness acceptance (all P Conclusion: The acceptance of illness levels in reproductive-age cervical cancer patients was low to intermediate, and medical staff should timely identify high-risk groups and take preventive management measures based on influencing factors.

Analysis of the Role of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Self-Care in Thyroid Cancer Patients

Objective:To explore the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on self-care in thyroid cancer patients.Methods:A total of 144 thyroid cancer patients treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from January 2022 to August 2023 were selected as research subjects.Using the random number table method,they were divided into a control group and an experimental group,each consisting of 72 cases.The control group received routine nursing intervention,while the experimental group received cognitive behavioral therapy based on standard nursing practices.The self-care ability(self-concept,self-efficacy,self-care skills,health knowledge level),coping style(confrontation,avoidance,and surrender),and quality of life(psychological function,social function,material life,physical function)of both groups before and after the intervention were compared.Results:In comparison to the pre-intervention period,the experimental group exhibited significantly higher self-care ability,quality of life,and confrontation scores after the intervention,as opposed to the control group.Additionally,the avoidance and surrender scores were lower in the experimental group than in the control group,with these differences proving to be statistically significant(P<0.01).Conclusion:The application of cognitive behavioral therapy can enhance the self-care ability of thyroid cancer patients,aid in better disease coping,and improve their overall quality of life.This approach is deserving of further promotion.

Uncertainty in illness and coping styles:Moderating and mediating effects of resilience in stroke patients

BACKGROUND Stroke has a great influence on the patient’s mental health,and reasonable psychological adjustment and disease perception can promote the recovery of mental health.AIM To explore the relationships among resilience,coping style,and uncertainty in illness of stroke patients.METHODS A retrospective study was used to investigate 154 stroke patients who were diagnosed and treated at eight medical institutes in Henan province,China from October to December 2019.We used the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale,the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale,and the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire to test the uncertainty in illness,resilience,and coping style,respectively.RESULTS Resilience had a significant moderating role in the correlation between coping style and unpredictability and information deficiency for uncertainty in illness(P<0.05).Further,the tenacity and strength dimensions of resilience mediated the correlation between the confrontation coping style and complexity,respectively(P<0.05).The strength dimension of resilience mediated the correlation between an avoidance coping style and the unpredictability of uncertainty in illness(P<0.05),as well as correlated with resignation,complexity,and unpredictability(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Resilience has moderating and mediating roles in the associations between coping style and uncertainty in illness,indicating that it is vital to improve resilience and consider positive coping styles for stroke patients in the prevention and control of uncertainty in illness.

Work-family conflict and job burn-out among Chinese doctors:the mediating role of coping styles

Background Burn-out among doctors threatens their own health, and that of their patients. To identify risk factors of the doctor burn-out is vital to improving their health and increasing the quality of healthcare services. This study aims to explore the relationship between work-family confict （WFC） and burn-out among Chinese doctors and the mediating role of coping styles in this relationship.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in China, with a questionnaire packet which consisted of the Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory （CMBI）, WFC Scale and the Simplifed Coping Style Questionnaire （SCSQ）. A total of 2530 doctors participated in the survey. Correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationship between CMBI, WFC and SCSQ scores. A linear regression model was set to determine the mediating role of coping styles on the relationship between WFC and burn-out.Results Doctors who had higher scores on work interfering with family confict, reported more emotional exhaustion （r=0.514, P〈0.001） and had a sense of accomplishment （r= 0.149, P〈0.001）. Simultaneously, family interfering with work （FIW） was positively associated with all dimensions of burn-out （r=0.213, 0.504, 0.088, respectively, P〈0.001）. Coping styles had partial, complete and even mediating effects on the relationship between WFC and burn-out among Chinese doctors.Conclusions WFC was correlated with burn-out, and coping style was a mediator in this relationship among Chinese doctors. Coping style was a positive resource against burn-out.

Analysis of coping styles of elderly women patients with stress urinary incontinence

Objective:The aim of this study was to survey the coping style and related factors of elderly women with stress urinary incontinence(SUI)and provide a strong theoretical basis for promoting a positive coping style to improve quality of life in these patients.Methods:Cross-sectional surveys addressing SUI cognition and coping techniques of 520 elderly women patients with SUI were administered between July 2013 and February 2014.Results:Elderly women with SUI had significantly higher avoidance and acceptanceresignation scores than the normal population(p<0.05).Age,marital status,education level and stress urinary incontinence cognitive level all influenced the medical coping style of these patients.Conclusions:Elderly female patients with SUI differ in the factors that influence their coping styles;therefore,clinical and community medical staff should include a comprehensive analysis that takes these factors into consideration when working with patients with SUI to guide them in adopting a positive coping style.

Stress and coping styles among nursing students during the initial period of the clinical practicum:A cross-section study

Objectives:This study aimed to explore the level of stress,types of stressors,type of coping styles,and factors influencing stress levels and coping styles among nursing students during the initial period of the clinical practicum.Methods:A cross-sectional survey design was used.In September 2017,participants were recruited from a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang Province,China,using a convenience sampling method.A demographic characteristics questionnaire,the Intern Nursing Student Stressor Scale,and the Simple Coping Style Questionnaire were used to collect data.Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis,independent sample t-tests,one-way analysis of variance,Pearson’s correlation analysis,and multiple linear regres-sion analysis.Results:A total of 158 nursing students were recruited,most of whom were female,undergraduates,and from rural areas.The nursing students perceived a moderate level of stress during the initial period of the clinical practicum.The need for knowledge and skills was the most common source of stress.Positive coping styles were most commonly adopted.Nursing students who were undergraduates,only children,and chose nursing major involuntarily experienced higher stress levels than those who were junior college students,not only children,and chose nursing major voluntarily.Nursing undergraduates were more likely to use positive coping styles than junior college students.Male nursing students and those experiencing higher stress levels related to the“environment and equipment of the wards”and the“nature and content of the work”were more likely to use negative coping styles.Conclusion:Nursing educators should offer targeted guidance based on the stress reported during the clinical practicum and the demographic characteristics of the nursing students.Guidance should be provided to encourage nursing students to adopt effective coping strategies and reduce stress.

Serial Multiple Mediation of the Relationshipbetween Positive Coping Style and PostTraumatic Growth among Chinese CollegeStudents in the Aftermath of COVID-19

Given the ongoing character of COVID-19, higher-education students encountered multifaceted pressures brought about by thepandemic and had to overcome many difficulties during this period. Accordingly, it is imperative to identify the factors that mayhave protective effects on the social functioning and mental status of college students in the aftermath of COVID-19. This crosssectional study sought to ascertain the internal mechanism of positive coping (PC) styles affecting post-traumatic growth (PTG)and considered the mediating roles of cognitive reappraisal (CR), psychological resilience (PR), and deliberate rumination (DR),which are essential for understanding how and to what extent these factors shaped PTG in the context of the present pandemic. 463Chinese college students recruited via a convenience sampling method completed a set of online self-report measures of PC, PTG,CR, PR and DR. The findings revealed that the abovementioned five variables were positively correlated with each other, and theindependent variable directly predicted the dependent variable. More importantly, two out of three mediators in parallel mediatedthe relationship between PC and PTG, illustrating that more PC adoption was associated with increased PTG through high levels ofPR and DR, respectively. The two significant serial mediating effects also indicated that PC could contribute to CR, which furtherfacilitates either PR or DR and subsequently promotes the development of PTG. Colleges should adopt routine protectivebehaviors in accordance with such evidence to strengthen students’ mental health education and establish scientific methods toboost their psychological well-being. Overall, our results may shed new light on the process of positive adaption and providetheoretical support for targeted crisis intervention during the late phase of the pandemic.

Surviving the shift: College student satisfaction with emergency online learning during COVID-19 pandemic

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic disrupted education systems by forcing systems to shift to emergency online leaning.Online learning satisfaction affects academic achievement.Many factors affect online learning satisfaction.However there is little study focused on personal characteristics,mental status,and coping style when college students participated in emergency online courses.regression analyses were performed to identify factors that affected online learning satisfaction.RESULTS Descriptive findings indicated that 62.9%(994/1580)of students were satisfied with online learning.Factors that had significant positive effects on online learning satisfaction were online learning at scheduled times,strong exercise intensity,good health,regular schedule,focusing on the epidemic less than one hour a day,and maintaining emotional stability.Positive coping styles were protective factors of online learning satisfaction.Risk factors for poor satisfaction were depression,neurasthenia,and negative coping style.CONCLUSION College students with different personal characteristics,mental status,and coping style exhibited different degrees of online learning satisfaction.Our findings provide reference for educators,psychologists,and school adminis-trators to conduct health education intervention of college students during emergency online learning.

Linking Perceived Risk of Public Health Emergency to Psychological Distress among Chinese College Students: The Chain Mediation Role of Balanced Time Perspective and Negative Coping Styles

Background:With public health emergencies(PHE)worldwide increasing,the perceived risk of PHE has been one of the critical factors influencing college students’psychological distress.However,the mechanisms by which the perceived risk of PHE affects college students’psychological distress are not clear.The study’s purpose was to investigate the mediation roles of deviation from a balanced time perspective(DBTP)and negative coping styles between the perceived risk of PHE and psychological distress.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to survey 1054 Chinese college students with self-reporting.Data was collected using the Public Risk Perception Scale(PRPS),the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory(ZTPI),the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ),the PHE Anxiety Scale,and the Chinese version of the Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ).The associations between the perceived risk of PHE,DBTP,negative coping styles,and psychological distress were clarified using the correlation analysis.Additionally,the mediating roles of DBTP and negative coping styles between the perceived risk of PHE and psychological distress were investigated using a structural equation model.Results:The findings revealed low to moderate correlations between the variables studied.Students’perceived risk of PHE was a positive predictor of their psychological distress(b=0.219,p<0.01).DBTP and negative coping styles played chain mediation roles between them with the effect being 0.009 and a 95%Boot CI of[0.003,0.023].This chain mediation model had an excellent fit index(χ^(2)/df=4.732,CFI=0.973,TLI=0.930,RMSEA=0.048,SRMR=0.047).Conclusion:These findings showed how the perceived risk of PHE affected college students’psychological distress.Specifically,these results suggested that improving students’mental ability to switch effectively among different time perspectives depending on task features and situational considerations and reducing their negative coping styles might be effective ways to promote their mental health.

Covariation between personalities and individual differences in coping with stress:Converging evidence and hypotheses

In the past decade there has been a profusion of studies highlighting covariation between individual differences in stress physiology and behavioural profiles, here called personalities. Such individual differences in ways of coping with stress are relevant both in biomedicine, since different personalities may experience a different stress and disease vulnerability, and in behavioural ecology, since their adaptive value and evolutionary maintenance are the subject of debate. However, the precise way in which individual stress differences and personalities are linked is unclear. Here we provide an updated overview of this covariation across different species and taxa, consider its functional significance and present working hypotheses for how behavioural and physiological responses to stress might be causally linked, affecting life-history traits such as dispersal and life-span [Current Zoology 56 （6）： 728-740, 2010].

Evaluation of Effectiveness of Integrated Intervention Program in Improving Drug Addicts' Psychological Health

Objective To investigate the social mental state of drug addicts in a compulsive drug abuse treatment center; evaluate the effectiveness of integrated program for the prevention of abuse relapse and improvement of drug addicts＇ psychological health. Methods The study subjects were addicts from the Wuhan Compulsive Drug Abuse Treatment Center between October 2003 and June 2004, who satisfied the inclusion criteria. A non-randomized control-intervention study design was adopted. Volunteers willing to take part in intervention were put into the intervention group with their full awareness and willingness to prevent drug abuse relapse. The control group was composed of the addicts who were willing to prevent relapse and to be followed up after their discharge. Results The effectiveness of the integrated intervention program in promoting addicts＇ psychological health： before the intervention, the scores of Self-Rating Anxiety Scale （SAS）, the positive and negative dimensionalities of Simple Coping Style Questionnaire （SCSQ） and Chinese Perceived Stress Scales （CPSS） had no significant differences between the intervention group and the control group. After the intervention, except that the SCSQ＇s positive dimensionality in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group, other indices in the intervention group were lower. Before and after the intervention, the psychological health level in both the groups was lower than that in the normal population; there were significant differences between addicts and normal subjects in regards with all of the indices above. Conclusion Drug abuse was associated closely with addicts＇ social mental factors. The integrated intervention program can alleviate anxiety and stress, reduce co-morbid mental disorders and effectively improve their coping style. In conclusion, the program can promote addicts＇ psychological health significantly.

Post-traumatic stress disorder status in a rescue group after the Wenchuan earthquake relief

Previous studies have suggested that the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder in earthquake rescue workers is relatively high. Risk factors for this disorder include demographic characteristics, earthquake-related high-risk factors, risk factors in the rescue process, personality, social support and coping style. This study examined the current status of a unit of 1 040 rescue workers who participated in earthquake relief for the Wenchuan earthquake that occurred on May 12th, 2008. Post-traumatic stress disorder was diagnosed primarily using the Clinician-Administered Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Scale during structured interviews. Univariate and multivariate sta-tistical analyses were used to examine major risk factors that contributed to the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder. Results revealed that the incidence of this disorder in the rescue group was 5.96%. The impact factors in univariate analysis included death of family members, contact with corpses or witnessing of the deceased or seriously injured, near-death experience, severe injury or mental trauma in the rescue process and working at the epicenter of the earthquake. Correlation analysis suggested that post-traumatic stress disorder was positively correlated with psychotic and neurotic personalities, negative coping and low social support. Impact factors in mul-tivariate logistic regression analysis included near-death experience, severe injury or mental trauma, working in the epicenter of the rescue, neurotic personality, negative coping and low social support, among which low social support had the largest odds ratio of 20.42. Findings showed that the oc-currence of post-traumatic stress disorder was the result of the interaction of multiple factors.

The investigation of care burden and coping style in caregivers of spinal cord injury patients

Purpose:The level of care burden experienced by caregivers of patients with spinal cord injury and their coping style were evaluated in order to identify ways to improve their capacity to respond and reduce the care burden.Methods:A convenience sampling method was used to select 150 spinal cord injury patients who were discharged from the Second and the Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University and their primary caregivers.The Chinese version of the Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire were distributed to assess caregiver burden and coping strategies.Results:The care burden score of the caregivers of patients with spinal cord injury was 52.91
11.56 points.Eighty-eight percent of caregivers reported moderate or severe care burden levels.The largest proportion of caregivers were female spouses,who were less likely to use an active coping strategy.A negative coping strategy was more frequently used by caregivers compared to healthy adults,and was positively correlated with burden of care.In contrast,a negative correlation was found between the care burden and an active coping style.Conclusion:Primary caregivers of spinal cord injury patients report a heavy burden of care.As active coping strategies are more beneficial,medical care providers should encourage caregivers to make more use of these coping styles to promote physical and mental health for themselves,their patients and their family,as well as to improve the quality of care provided.

Hope During the COVID-19 Epidemic Decreased Anxiety and Depression Symptoms Mediated by Perceived Stress:Coping Style Differences Among Patients with COVID-19

Objective:This study aimed to investigate whether perceived stress mediated the relationship between hope and anxiety/depression symptoms among patients with COVID-19 during the epidemic.In addition,the potential moderating effect of coping styles was examined.Methods:From February 26 to March 10,2020,patients with COVID-19 were asked to complete a questionnaire online,which included demographic characteristics,as well as the SCL-90-Anxiety,SCL-90-Depression,Chinese Perceived Stress Scale(CPSS),Herth Hope Index(HHI),and Trait Coping Style Questionnaire(TCSQ).Hierarchical linear regression was performed to explore independent factors of anxiety/depression.A multi-group structural equation modeling with the collected data from patients in the Negative Coping style(NC)group and Positive Coping style(PC)group was used to test the hypothesized mechanism.Results:In total,382 valid questionnaires of patients were obtained,including 96 from NC patients and 286 from PC patients.In the hierarchical linear regression,hope and perceived stress were independent risk factors for both anxiety and depression in the total sample and PC group.However,hope was not independently related to anxiety/depression in the NC group.As hypothesized,the hope of patients had significant and negative indirect effects on both anxiety and depression that were mediated by perceived stress,However,the direct effect from stress on anxiety and depression was stronger for NC patients than for PC patients.Besides,hope had significant direct effects on anxiety/depression in PC patients,but not in NC patients.Conclusion:During the COVID-19 epidemic,perceived stress could mediate the relationship between hope and anxiety/depression symptoms among COVID-19 patients,with coping style moderating this cultivation process.

Positive psychological intervention for anxiety, depression and coping in subjects addicted to online games

BACKGROUND Addiction to online games is not uncommon.The patients usually refuse to take medications and present with affective symptoms such as anxiety,depression and negative coping styles.Psychological intervention based on positive psychology is a promising treatment for such patients.AIM To evaluate the effect of positive psychological intervention on anxiety,depression and coping in people addicted to online games.METHODS This self-controlled study included 89 people addicted to online games,who received treatment at Hangzhou Seventh People’s Hospital,Hangzhou,China in 2019.The Hamilton Anxiety Scale,Hamilton Depression Scale and Trait Coping Style Questionnaire were administered to evaluate the anxiety,depression and coping style among these people.Psychological intervention based on positive psychology was provided for 6 wk followed by another evaluation.The results were compared against those from the previous evaluation.RESULTS After 6 wk of psychological intervention,89 people achieved a significant improvement in the Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale-24 scales.The score for positive coping style in Trait Coping Style Questionnaire was significantly improved,while that of the negative coping style decreased significantly(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Psychological intervention based on positive psychology alleviated affective symptoms,such as anxiety and depression,in subjects addicted to online games.Psychological intervention corrected negative coping style,thereby improving mental health.

Relationship between uncertainty in illness,mood state and coping style in patients with temporomandibular disorders

Objective:To investigate the relationship between uncertainty in illness,mood state and coping style in patients with temporomandibular disorders(TMD)in the hospital,in order to identify nursing measures.Methods:Chinese versions of the Mishel Uncertainty In Illness Scale(MUIS),Brief Profile Of Mood States(BPOMS)and Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire(MCMQ)were used to assess uncertainty in illness,mood state and coping style,respectively,in 126 patients with TMD.Results:The total score of uncertainty in illness of the patients was 91.33±16.38,which was at middle level.The total score of mood state was 37.93±17.0.The order of coping style rated from high to low was confrontation(18.81±3.65),avoidance(15.44±4.26)and acceptance(10.41±5.04).Acceptance was positively correlated with uncertainty in illness(r=0.463,p<0.001),and mood state(r=0.187,p<0.05).Avoidance and confrontation were negatively correlated with uncertainty in illness and mood state(r=0.286,p<0.01),(r=0.175,p<0.05),(r=0.171,p<0.05),(r=0.221,p<0.01).Conclusions:Both uncertainty in illness and mood state were related to coping style.These data suggest that nurses should be trained to offer appropriate guidance to help decrease patients'uncertainty in illness and relieve their negative emotions.

Evaluating the emotion regulation of positive mood states among people with bipolar disorder using hierarchical clustering

BACKGROUND People with bipolar disorder(BD)frequently struggle with the recurrence of affective symptoms.However,the interplay between coping mechanism and positive mood state remains under-researched.AIM To explore the associations among behavioral approach system(BAS)sensitivity level,coping,and positive mood states among people with BD.METHODS Using a cross-sectional study design,90 participants with BD were presented with four BAS-activating life event scenarios and assessed with regard to their BAS trait sensitivity,coping flexibility,and mood states.A hierarchical clustering method was used to identify different groups with different styles of coping.Multiple hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine the mediating and moderating roles of different components of coping on mood states.RESULTS A three-cluster solution was found to best fit the present data set.The findings showed that a low mass of coping combined with low BAS sensitivity level protects people with BD from detrimentally accentuating mood states when they encounter BAS-activating life events.Moreover,coping flexibility is demonstrated to mediate and moderate the relationships between BAS sensitivity level and mood states.Specifically,subduing the perceived controllability and reducing the use of behavioral-activation/emotion-amplifying coping strategies could help buffer the effect of positive affect.CONCLUSION The judicious use of coping in emotion regulation for people with BD when encountering BAS-activating life events was indicated.Practical applications and theoretical implications are highlighted.