Geological characteristics and metallogenic prospect of marine volcanic rock-type copper deposits in eastern Kunlun Mountains area, Xinjiang

The Katelixi Cu-Zn deposit is a marine volcanic rock-type copper deposit discovered for the first time in the Tokuzidaban Group in eastern Kunlun Mountains area. It is hosted in the Lower Carboniferous Tokuzidaban Group volcanic strata. The orebodies are obviously controlled by the strata and their ore-bearing rocks are a suite of greyish-green mafic tuffs, generally parallel-stratiform, stratoid and lenticular in form, occurring in limestone as well as in the contact between limestone and carbon-bearing siltstone. This ore deposit possesses distinct characteristics of marine volcanic rock sedimentaion. The geological, petrochemical and REE characteristics of its occurrence pro-vide strong evidence suggesting that this deposit is of marine volcanic rock sedimention origin, basically identical to those of some typical marine volcanic rock-type copper deposits in Xinjiang and other parts of China. Marine vol-canic rocks are well developed in the Lower Carboniferous Tokuzidaban strata in eastern Kunlun Mountains area. In addition to this deposit, we have also found a number of copper polymetallic ore deposits or occurrences in associa-tion with marine volcanc activities in many places where there is a good metallogenic prospect. A breakthrough in the understanding of ore prospecting and genesis has not only filled up the gap in prospecting this type of ore depos-its in this area, but also is of great significance in directing exploration of this type of ore deposits in this area.

Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Geochemical Characteristics of the Volcanic Host Rocks from the Tongyu VHMS Copper Deposit in the Western North Qinling Orogen and Their Geological Significance

Precise in situ zircon U-Pb dating and Lu-Hf isotopic measurement using an LA-ICP-MS system, whole-rock major and trace element geochemistry and Sr-Nd isotope geochemistry were conducted on the volcanic host rocks of the Tongyu copper deposit on the basis of further understanding of its geological characteristics. Three zircon samples from the volcanic host rocks yielded 206Pb/238 U weighted average ages ranging from 436±4 Ma to 440±5 Ma, which are statistically indistinguishable and coeval with the ca. 440 Ma northward subduction event of the Paleo-Qinling oceanic slab. The volcanic host rocks were products of magmatic differentiation that evolved from basalt to andesite to dacite to rhyolite, forming an integrated tholeiitic island arc volcanic rock suite. The primitive mantle-normalized trace element patterns for most samples show characteristics of island arc volcanic rocks, such as relative enrichment of LILE（e.g. Th, U, Pb and La） and depletion of HFSE（e.g. Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr and Hf）. Discrimination diagrams of Ta/Yb vs Th/Yb, Ta vs Th, Yb vs Th/Ta, Ta/Hf vs Th/Hf, Hf/3 vs Th vs Nb/16, La vs La/Nb and Nb vs Nb/Th all suggest that both the volcanic host rocks from the Tongyu copper deposit and the volcanic rocks from the regional Xieyuguan Group were formed in an island arc environment related to subduction of an oceanic slab. Values of ISr（0.703457 to 0.708218） and εNd（t）（-2 to 5.8） indicate that the source materials of volcanic rocks from the Tongyu copper deposit and the Xieyuguan Group originated from the metasomatised mantle wedge with possible crustal material assimilation. Most of the volcanic rock samples show good agreement with the values of typical island arc volcanic rocks in the ISr-εNd（t） diagram. The involvement of crustal-derived material in the magma of the volcanic rocks from the Tongyu copper deposit was also reflected in the zircon εHf（t） values, which range from-3.08 to 10.7, and the existence of inherited ancient xenocrystic zircon cores（2616±39 Ma and 1297±22 Ma）. The mineralization of the Tongyu copper deposit shows syn-volcanic characteristics such as layered orebodies interbedded with the volcanic rock strata, thus, the zircon U-Pb age of the volcanic host rocks can approximately represent the mineralization age of the Tongyu copper deposit. Both the Meigou pluton and the volcanic host rocks were formed during the ca. 440 Ma northward subduction of the Paleo-Qinling Ocean when high oxygen fugacity aqueous hydrothermal fluid released by dehydration of the slab and the overlying sediments fluxed into the mantle wedge, triggered partial melting of the mantle wedge, and activated and extracted Cu and other ore-forming elements. The magma and ore-bearing fluid upwelled and erupted, and consequently formed the island arc volcanic rock suite and the Tongyu VHMS-type copper deposit.

埃达克岩与热液成矿过程中钾镁同位素分馏及其指示意义:以驱龙斑岩铜矿床为例

为研究后碰撞埃达克质岩岩浆分异和热液过程中的钾镁同位素分馏行为及其对斑岩铜矿床岩石成因的指示意义,本文对藏南驱龙斑岩铜矿床的一套埃达克质岩石开展了钾镁同位素分析。该套岩石包括闪长质包体、花岗闪长岩和花岗斑岩,后者是超大型斑岩铜矿床的成矿母岩。已有研究结果证实,这3套岩石很可能是由同一来源的不同程度的部分熔融和分离结晶作用形成的。研究结果表明,闪长质包体、花岗闪长岩和花岗斑岩的δ^(41)K组成分别为-0.38‰~-0.22‰、-0.43‰~-0.34‰和-0.59‰~-0.36‰。尽管3类岩石各自变化范围较小,但整体上δ^(41)K与K 2O和SiO_(2)含量呈现明显负相关趋势,表明全岩钾元素迁移和钾同位素发生了解耦,钾同位素产生了分馏。在闪长质包体花岗闪长岩演化期间,δ^(41)K与Sc和Y含量呈明显正相关关系,这指示了在该演化期间可能主要是角闪石分离结晶导致了钾同位素分馏。相比之下,花岗斑岩中具有明显的钾同位素组成变化,在花岗斑岩演化期间,δ^(41)K与Eu/Eu*和Sr含量呈正相关关系,表明在岩石演化晚期钾同位素的分馏可能主要跟斜长石分离结晶有关。然而,通过瑞利分馏模拟表明仅矿物分离结晶难以实现如此大的钾同位素分馏,花岗斑岩中的钾同位素分馏是岩浆热液共同作用的结果。值得注意的是,闪长质包体具有比地幔更重的钾同位素组成,导致这种现象的原因可能是复杂多样的:一方面,下地壳可能具有比地幔更重的钾同位素组成,岩浆混合机制下导致源区具有重钾同位素组成;另一方面,驱龙斑岩铜矿床的岩浆源区受到俯冲板片来源的富重钾流体/熔体所交代,导致其源区的钾同位素组成偏重。相比之下,这3类岩石的镁同位素组成比较类似(闪长质包体:-0.36‰~-0.19‰;花岗闪长岩:-0.28‰~-0.13‰;花岗斑岩:-0.44‰~-0.13‰),并且落在了地幔和下地壳范围内。这3类岩石的δ^(26)Mg跟MgO和SiO_(2)含量之间不存在相关性,表明埃达克质岩浆分异过程中(角闪石和黑云母)也不产生镁同位素分馏,与前人对花岗岩中镁同位素分馏行为的结论相一致。作为典型的热液型矿床,藏南驱龙斑岩铜矿床和江西德兴斑岩铜矿床在热液蚀变过程中均产生了钾镁同位素分馏。德兴斑岩铜矿床大部分蚀变岩的钾镁同位素值都高于新鲜岩浆岩,具有显著的钾镁同位素组成变化;相比之下,驱龙斑岩铜矿床埃达克质岩岩石的钾镁同位素组成大部分位于岩浆岩基线值范围内,受热液蚀变作用影响不显著。此外,驱龙斑岩铜矿床花岗斑岩中铜大量富集,岩浆热液流体出溶是导致铜大量富集的主要原因,可能至少有两种不同性质(温度、盐度)的热液流体导致花岗斑岩中钾镁同位素组成局部波动变化,这些流体不仅改变了花岗岩斑岩的钾镁同位素组成,并且从高度演化的岩浆中提取金属元素,最终导致铜成矿。

新疆哈密市黑石山一带铜矿成矿预测

根据多位地质工作者的研究和分析,由成矿地质背景、矿床成因等方面的因素出发,很多研究也得到了突破性的成就。2012年在新疆哈密黑石山一带开展矿山普查地质工作,开展工作的同时在区内发现大量孔雀石化的地表信息。根据地表孔雀石矿化信息,结合区内地、物、化成果及其他热液脉状铜矿床的成矿规律进行综合研究,对区内铜矿成矿可能性进行预测。

江西某铜矿废石的产酸规律及释放重金属行为

金属矿废石暴露在自然环境中易产生酸性污染物、释放重金属离子,对周边环境造成严重污染。鉴于其污染的长期性,有必要对废石产酸规律及释放重金属离子行为进行研究。以江西省某铜矿废石为对象,通过动态淋溶试验研究了淋溶液p H值、废石粒度、淋溶强度(淋溶液流速)等因素对产酸及释放重金属离子的影响。结果表明,淋溶液p H值与SO_4^(2-)产生量及Cu、Pb的释放量负相关,淋溶液p H值越低,SO_4^(2-)、Cu、Pb的累计释放量越大;而Zn呈现不同规律,淋溶液p H值为5时其累计释放量高于淋溶液p H值为3时,表明Zn在弱酸性环境中更易释放溶出。废石粒径越小,越有利于产酸和释放重金属离子,细粒径废石淋溶体系内SO_4^(2-)、Cu、Pb、Zn累计释放量显著高于粗粒径废石。淋溶液流速与SO_4^(2-)产生量及重金属离子的释放量正相关,在高淋溶液流速(1.02m L/min)、低初始淋溶液p H值(3)、细粒径废石(0.15~0.25mm)淋溶体系中,SO_4^(2-)、Cu、Pb、Zn累计释放量分别可达1389.55mg/kg、310.18μg/kg、413.18μg/kg和281.62μg/kg。研究结果可以为类似有色金属矿山废石的产酸和释放重金属离子行为及污染治理提供指导。

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定岩石样品中铜、铅、锌的研究

主要研究火焰原子吸收光谱法测定岩石样品中的铜、铅、锌。采用石墨消解仪和HF-HCl-HNO3-HClO4酸系消解样品的前处理方法效果相对较好,酸性介质可用盐酸或硝酸溶液,浓度宜为2%~5%。通过实验得出:铜、铅、锌的检出限分别为0.012μg/mL、0.057μg/mL、0.009μg/mL,测定下限分别为0.048μg/mL、0.228μg/mL、0.036μg/mL,方法RSD值(精密度)1.0%~3.6%,加标回收率97.29%~101.0%,符合岩石矿物分析规范的要求。火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铜、铅、锌具有操作简便、实验用时短、干扰少及较好的准确度和精密度的特点。

安徽庐江沙溪铜金矿床蚀变岩地球化学特征和金的赋存状态研究

斑岩型铜金矿床是金资源的重要来源,研究其中载金矿物(如硫化物)的种类其中的金含量是高效回收金的关键。本文通过对沙溪矿床不同类型蚀变岩和工业品位矿石开展系统的矿物学和地球化学成分研究发现,沙溪矿床中钾化蚀变更富集Si、Fe和K、贫Na,青磐岩化蚀变更富集Al和Fe、贫Ca,石英绢云母化更富集Ca和Na、贫Fe和K。矿石内主要脉石矿物为石英含量为37.65 wt%,钠长石含量为17.15 wt%,碱性长石含量为11.35wt%,白云母含量为12.87 wt%,硫化物黄铁矿和黄铜矿含量分别为1.36 wt%、1.17 wt%。金是以类质同象替换的形式存在于黄铁矿和黄铜矿中,在二者中的占比分别为5.98%、2.15%,其他类型占比为91.87%。

斑岩铜矿蚀变分带与成矿机制:玉龙矿床水-岩反应热力学平衡模拟例析

蚀变分带和成矿机制的准确厘定是建立斑岩成矿模型与找矿预测的关键。本文以新生代金沙江-哀牢山成矿带的玉龙斑岩铜矿为例,通过质量作用定律(LMA)和吉布斯自由能最小化模型(GEM),构建含矿热液与斑岩侵入体的pH-f O 2相图和动态传输模型,以揭示蚀变分带成因和金属成矿机制。LMA与GEM结果显示初始成矿流体pH值为4.7,logf_(O2)=-23.0(ΔFMQ=+2.7),且溶解Cu含量为1138×10^(-6),Mo为1.2×10^(-6)。研究表明,当该酸性及强氧化性流体流入二长花岗斑岩体时,在温度为450~360℃范围内,代表钾硅酸盐化蚀变的钾长石、黑云母、硬石膏、赤铁矿和磁铁矿的矿物逐渐沉淀,且与钾硅酸盐化蚀变相关流体具有较高pH值(5.0~7.0)和氧逸度(ΔFMQ=+2.9~+3.6)特征;当温度在360~320℃范围时,代表青磐岩化蚀变阶段的典型矿物如绿帘石、铁绿泥石和斜绿泥石等逐渐形成,流体pH值(5.0~6.4)和氧逸度(ΔFMQ=+1.1)均有所下降;当温度进一步从320℃下降到200℃时,流体pH值(5.0~5.7)进一步小幅下降,而氧逸度则(ΔFMQ=+1.7)略有回升,在此期间,绢云母和方解石等开始沉淀并形成典型的绢英岩化蚀变。此外,以HMoO_(4)^(-)和MoO_(4)^(2-)为载体的Mo在狭窄高温区间(450~370℃)内沉淀,而以CuCl(CuCl_(4)^(3-)、CuCl_(2)^(-)、CuCl)为主要载体的Cu则在在中、高温(450~300℃)范围中沉淀。通过利用LMA反演及GEM正演相结合定量化地刻画了玉龙斑岩铜矿水岩反应过程,由此揭示了斑岩矿床蚀变分带是逐渐冷却的单一岩浆热液与斑岩体不断反应的结果,且不同温度窗口对应着钾硅酸盐化(450~360℃)、青磐岩化(360~320℃)和绢英岩化(320~200℃)蚀变矿物的形成,故含矿流体温度的快速下降可能是玉龙铜矿蚀变叠加的重要因素。此外,Cu、Mo络合离子溶解度对温度变化的差异响应,导致了Mo矿化主要发育于靠近斑岩体的高温区域,而Cu则以网脉状-浸染状叠加到Mo矿化之上,并广泛分布于斑岩体周边的高-中温区域。

江西德兴银山铜铅锌多金属矿床稳定同位素地球化学研究

针对银山铜铅锌多金属矿床进行氢、氧、硫、铅同位素研究,以判定其成矿物质的来源。研究结果表明:δD值为-78.9‰~-28.5‰,平均值为-56.5‰;δ18OV-SMOW值为12.10‰~18.70‰,平均值为16.06‰;δ^(18)O_(H_(2)O)值为0.18‰~11.26‰,平均值为8.24‰;反映了成矿流体是岩浆水和大气降水的混合。δ34S值为-1.04‰~2.71‰,平均值为1.35‰,与矿区赋矿地层张村岩组的硫同位素明显不同,暗示了成矿物质不是直接来自地层,但呈现出明显的幔源硫(-3‰~3‰)特征,与矿区火山-次火山活动有紧密联系。铅同位素206Pb/204Pb=17.890 0~18.319 0,207Pb/204Pb=15.528 0~15.602 5,208Pb/204Pb=38.025 2~38.445 0,表明铅来源为壳幔混源,矿石与岩浆岩具有亲缘性。

对四川马边地区磷-萤石-铅锌-铜多矿种多空间勘查开发工作的思考

马边地区的磷矿资源储量丰富,以往的找矿工作中在沉积型磷矿勘查方面取得了显著的找矿成果。马边地区的磷矿矿业权地块有17处,开采或勘查矿种均为磷矿,只有3处采矿权地块附加开采铅锌矿,1处采矿权地块附加开采萤石矿,马边地区的矿产勘查开发呈现出矿种单一、空间狭窄的局面。基于近年来的找矿成果,建议构建马边地区磷—萤石—铅锌—铜多矿种多空间勘查开发新格局,部署以沉积型磷矿、热液型萤石—铅锌矿、砂岩型铜矿为主攻方向的综合找矿工作,主要包括在已有矿山上部及深部开展增储上产勘查工作、空白区的综合找矿工作及相应的科技创新工作,力争为新一轮找矿突破战略行动产出实效,为保障我国关键矿产资源供给安全发挥重要作用。

Metallogeny of Shoshonite-Hosted Copper-Gold Deposits in Middle-South Parts of Tancheng-Lujiang Deep Fault Zone and Its Vicinity, Eastern China

The middle south parts of Tancheng Lujiang deep fault zone and its vicinity are an important locality of Cu Au deposits related to Mesozoic volcanic subvolcanic magmatism in eastern China. According to their metallogenic features and ore forming conditions, copper gold deposits in this district are ascribed to two groups: the epithermal group which can be further divided into tellurium gold type, quartz adularia type and quartz manganoansiderite type; the magmatic hydrothermal group which includes porphyry Cu Au deposit, breccia pipe porphyry type Au Cu deposit and skarn type Au Cu deposit. In this paper, characteristics of six typical shoshonite hosted Cu Au deposits are outlined. Additionally, the factors that control the metallogenesis and distribution of these Cu Au deposits are discussed preliminarily.

An estimation of the penetration rate of rotary drills using the Specific Rock Mass Drillability index

The main purpose of the present study was to provide a practical,convenient drillability prediction model based on rock mass characteristics,geological sampling from blast holes,and drill operational factors.Empirical equations that predict drill penetration rate have been developed using statistical analyses of data from the Sarcheshmeh Copper Mine.Seven parameters of the rock or rock mass,including uniaxial compressive strength(UCS) of the rock,Schmidt hammer hardness value,quartz content,fragment size(d80),alteration,and joint dip,are included in the model along with two operational parameters of the rotary drill,bit rotational speed and thrust.These parameters were used to predict values of the newly developed Specific Rock Mass Drillability(SRMD) index.Comparing measured SRMD values to those predicted by the multi-parameter linear,or nonlinear,regression models showed good agreement.The correlation coefficients were 0.82 and 0.81,respectively.

地质物化探综合方法在甘肃北山红柳沟铜镍矿的应用

红柳沟基性-超基性岩体是笔者开展1∶5万矿产地质调查期间新发现和厘定的含铜镍矿化岩体,它位于塔里木板块北缘北山裂谷带,夹持于大山头-岗流脑子和方山口-庙庙井-双鹰山断裂带之间,北西距黑山大型铜镍矿床约30 km,是一个非常重要的铜镍成矿区。运用地物化遥等综合找矿技术方法,在充分系统研究地质背景的前提下,利用1∶5万水系沉积物和磁法测量对空白区进行扫面,圈定异常,进而开展大比例尺地质测量和激电中梯及激电剖面测量工作,进一步圈定出成矿区内若干有利的成矿地段,择优开展槽探和钻探工程验证,新发现红柳沟Ⅲ、Ⅳ号铜镍矿点,取得了较好的找矿效果,说明综合运用物化探找矿方法是可行、有效的,对进一步指导该区及区域上的铜镍找矿工作具有借鉴意义。

Discussion on the interrelationship among Cu-Ni sulfide deposits,mafic volcanic rocks and intrusive rocks in the Sipu region,northern Guangxi,China

The Sipu region of North Guangxi is located in the southwest of the "Jiangnan Ancient Land",where there are developed the oldest stratum in southern China,the Proterozoic Sipu Group,and there are also largely ex-posed mafic intrusive rocks,mafic volcanic rocks and copper-nickel sulfide deposits.Both mafic intrusive rocks and volcanic rocks are rich in MgO(6.52%-26.39%),but poor in K2O(0.05%-1.00%) and TiO2(0.33%-0.89%).They are also rich in trace elements such as Rb and Ba while poor in Ta,Nb and the like.Both of them have medium con-tents of rare-earth elements,30.26×10-6-126.71×10-6,in which LREEs are slightly rich with ΣLREE/ΣHREE of 1.35-2.46,δEu 0.79-1.33,displaying weak or no δEu anomaly,with the same geochemical features.The right-inclined distribution patterns and the features show that magma would be formed at the comagmatic un-diagenetic stage.All studies show that mafic intrusive rocks and volcanic rocks are the products of the same source region evolving in different stages and times.The copper-nickel sulfide deposits are characterized by liquation,crys-tallization and fractionation of mafic rocks,and have some interrelations with mafic intrusive rocks and volcanic rocks with respect to magmatic genesis.

Isotopic Ages of the Carbonatitic Volcanic Rocks in the Kunyang Rift Zone in Central Yunnan,China

The Mesoproterozoic Kunyang rift, which is located on the western margin of the Yangtze platform and the southern section of the Kangdian axis, is a rare massive Precambrian iron-copper polymetallic mineralization zone in China. The Mesoproterozoic Wulu (Wuding-Lufeng) basin in the middle of the rift is an elliptic basin controlled by a ring fracture system. Moreover, volcanic activities in the basin display zonation of an outer ring, a middle ring and an inner ring with carbonatitic volcanic rocks and sub-volcanic dykes discovered in the outer and middle rings. The Sm-Nd isochron ages have been determined for the outer-ring carbonatitic lavas (1685 Ma) and basaltic porphyrite of the radiating dyke swarm (1645 Ma) and the Rb-Sr isochron ages for the out-ring carbonatitic lavas (893 Ma) and the middle-ring dykes (1048 Ma). In combination of the U-Pb concordant ages of zircon (1743 Ma) in trachy-andesite of the corresponding period and stratum (1569 Ma) of the Etouchang Formation, as well as the Rb-Sr isochron age (1024 Ma) and K-Ar age (1186 Ma) of the dykes in the middle ring, the age of carbonarites in the basin is preliminarily determined. It is ensured that all of these carbonatites were formed in the Mesoprotero/oic period, whereby two stages could be identified as follows: in the first stage, carbonatitic volcanic groups, such as lavas, pyroclastic rocks and volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks, were formed in the outer ring; in the second stage, carbonatitic breccias and dykes appeared in the middle ring. The metamorphic age of the carbonatitic lavas in the outer ring was determined to be concurrent with the end of the first stage of the Neoproterozoic period, corresponding to the Jinning movement in central Yunnan.

江西某铜矿废石堆周边土壤对重金属的吸附——解吸行为

金属矿废石堆作为重金属污染源头之一,产生的污染具有长期性。从废石中溶出释放的重金属向堆场及周边外环境迁移扩散造成污染,吸附—解吸过程是影响重金属在废石堆周边土壤中迁移的重要因素。以江西某铜矿废石堆周边土壤为对象,研究了土壤p H值、铁氧化物含量和微生物对土壤中Cu、Cd和Cr吸附—解吸行为的影响。结果表明,pH值与土壤中Cu、Cd的吸附量呈正相关,土壤p H值越低对Cu和Cd的吸附量越小,越易于解吸;而Cr呈相反规律,低p H值会提升土壤对Cr的吸附量,降低解吸量。土壤中Fe_(2)O_(3)含量的升高能有效提高土壤对3种重金属的吸附效果,可起到钝化重金属的作用,当Fe_(2)O_(3)添加量为20%时,土壤对重金属Cr的吸附率相比对照组提升了19.27%。氧化亚铁硫杆菌及氧化硫硫杆菌的存在对3种重金属在土壤中的吸附均起到一定的抑制作用,且有效促进了吸附在土壤中重金属的解吸。研究结果可为重金属在废石堆周边土壤中迁移扩散规律研究及污染调控提供指导。

基于WOE⁃GA⁃BP神经网络模型对陆相火山岩型铜矿成矿预测研究——以宁芜盆地(江苏部分)为例

宁芜盆地位于长江中下游铜、金、铁、铅、锌、硫、石膏成矿带,构造运动强烈、岩浆活动频繁,成矿地质条件优越.通过提取宁芜盆地(江苏部分)地层、断裂构造、航磁、化探异常等9个控矿因子基础信息,采用证据权重与基于遗传优化的BP神经网络(WOE⁃GA⁃BP)模型,对该区域内陆相火山岩型铜矿进行成矿预测研究,使用混淆矩阵及ROC曲线进行模型精度评价.经叠加分析,基于成矿模型圈定的铜矿A、B、C类远景区与江苏省重要矿产潜力评价圈定的铜矿A、B、C类预测区分别有81.23%、62.69%、100%的重叠区,表明本次预测结果较为可靠,为区域成矿预测提供了新的思路和方法,对后续勘查工作具有一定的指导意义.

新疆奇台县托吐喀腊地区基性杂岩体地质、地球化学特征及铜镍成矿作用

准噶尔东北缘北塔山地区分布有4处基性杂岩体,与铜镍成矿作用密切相关。杂岩体呈带状展布,受NW向断裂及次级断裂控制,具7个岩相带,为晚石炭世后岩浆活动产物。含矿岩体具高镁、低铝、低钙、低钛,贫铌,富集轻稀土元素等特征。m/f比值介于1.05~3.63,属铁质系列,对铜镍矿形成有利。杂岩体地质地球化学特征指示,成矿岩浆上升过程中发生了结晶分异和地壳混染,后者对岩浆中金属硫化物的熔离和富集起重要促进作用。托吐喀腊地区6条铜镍矿体呈透镜状、板状、脉状,成矿过程可划分为3个成矿期和4个成矿阶段:岩浆成矿期(岩浆熔离成矿阶段和岩浆末期贯入成矿阶段)、热液成矿期(包括热液叠加阶段)和表生成矿期(包括表生氧化淋滤阶段),矿区不同成矿作用形成相应的矿化、蚀变特征,可为寻找铜镍矿床提供线索。

刚果(金)铜钴矿废石工艺矿物学研究

为提高刚果(金)SICOMINES铜钴矿区内废石的分选技术指标,有必要对其进行化学元素组成、矿物分布特征、元素赋存状态、嵌布粒度等工艺矿物学研究。结果表明,该废石属发生强烈氧化的铜钴多金属共生矿,铜矿物主要为孔雀石、辉铜矿和硅孔雀石,呈粒度变化较大的不规则团块状或粒状嵌布在脉石中,粒度细小者与脉石的镶嵌关系大多较为复杂;钴矿物主要赋存状态为钴土矿,主要呈不规则土状或结核状分布在脉石中,沿边缘及裂隙可见形态多变的褐铁矿交代,与铜矿物的镶嵌关系不甚密切。铜矿物和钴土矿均具不均匀中细粒嵌布的特点。在-0.074 mm占95%左右的细度条件下,样品中90%以上的铜矿物呈单体产出;在-0.019 mm占95%左右的细度条件下,样品中90%以上的钴土矿呈单体产出。废石中,白云母、绿泥石和碳酸盐类矿物含量较高,在磨矿过程中易生成细泥而恶化分选环境,影响分选指标。建议探索重选-浮选联合的分选流程,减弱过磨产生的泥化现象,以提高铜钴精矿品位和回收率。

西昆仑岔路口地区马鞍山基性-超基性岩体地质特征及找矿意义

对新疆西昆仑岔路口地区马鞍山岩体进行主量元素、微量元素研究,马鞍山基性-超基性岩是由二辉橄榄岩、单辉橄榄岩、辉石岩、辉长岩和闪长岩组成的一个杂岩体,岩体受控于乔尔天山-岔路口深大断裂。通过与新疆黄山岩体对比发现,其岩石学、岩石地球化学特征相似,且发育硫化物型黄铜矿-镍黄铁矿-磁黄铁矿组合。综合已有地质、物探、矿产成果,认为马鞍山超基性岩具岩浆熔离型铜镍矿含矿岩体基本特征,为新的铜镍找矿潜力区。