A list of coral reef fish species of Huaguang Reef was compiled in 2023 using hand fishing,diving fishing,underwater video,and eDNA detection,combined with historical data from 1979 and archival records from the South...A list of coral reef fish species of Huaguang Reef was compiled in 2023 using hand fishing,diving fishing,underwater video,and eDNA detection,combined with historical data from 1979 and archival records from the South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences for the years of 1998,1999,2003,and 2005.Successional characteristics of coral reef fishes through time were also explored.The findings revealed:(1)A total of 299 coral reef fish species were identified in Huaguang Reef,categorized into 2 classes,16 orders,and 56 families,with Perciformes exhibiting the highest species count(234),constituting 78.26%of all species.(2)In comparison to the period of 1979–2005,there was a reduction in the number of species at the order and family levels in 2023 at Huaguang Reef.Both the average taxonomic distinctness(Δt)and the variation in taxonomic distinctness(Λt)exhibited a declining trend,indicating disturbances in the fish ecosystem.(3)The proportion of herbivorous fish at Huaguang Reef remained relatively stable in 2023 compared to the 1979–2005 period.Notably,the similarity coefficient of herbivorous fish was the highest among different feeding types,signifying a degraded state of the Huaguang Reef habitat.(4)In contrast to the 1979–2005 period,a significant decline was observed in large-sized and carnivorous fish species at Huaguang Reef in 2023.The low similarity coefficients for both categories,with undiscovered fish species accounting for 58.49%and 45.76%of their respective taxa in the total list,respectively,suggested a notable impact of overfishing on coral reef fishes.The succession patterns revealed in this study provide a theoretical foundation for advancing the sustainable development of coral reef fish resources in the Xisha Islands and offer valuable insights for the protection and management of coral reef fishes.展开更多
A combination of traditional fish sampling methods(hand-line and gill net) and modern hydroacoustic techniques were used to study fish community structure,distribution,and diel movements of fish on Zhubi Reef to enhan...A combination of traditional fish sampling methods(hand-line and gill net) and modern hydroacoustic techniques were used to study fish community structure,distribution,and diel movements of fish on Zhubi Reef to enhance understanding of the ecosystem.We collected 126 individuals from 29 species,20 genera,17 families,three orders,and two classes using traditional gear.Perciforms were the dominant group in terms of species richness and biomass.The acoustic data indicated that very small(target strength[TS],dB) <-60 dB) and small(-60 dB≤TS<-45 dB) fish contributed the most to abundance and species richness on the coral reef,and that the proportion of medium-sized(-45 dB≤TS<-35 dB) and largesized(-35 dB≤TS) fish increased gradually as depth increased.The single-target detection method revealed two distinct size classes during the day in the 12-16 and 16-20-m layers.One group consisted of very smallsized fish(TS<-60 dB) and the other consisted of medium and large-sized fish(TS>-55 dB).The number of single-target detections was significantly higher during the night than during the day(P<0.05).The singletarget TS frequency distribution during the day was significantly different than during the night at depths of4-8,8-12,12-16,and 16-20 m.Significant differences were observed among the 4-8,8-12,12-16,and16-20-m-depth layers during day and night.Diel vertical movement was evidenced as fish began to spread and move upward just before sunset and began to assemble and descend shortly(15 min) after sunrise.展开更多
为明确西沙群岛浪花礁鱼类物种组成,揭示鱼类演变特征,保护和合理利用西沙群岛珊瑚礁鱼类,于2023年通过潜水捕捞、手钓、水下视频以及eDNA等手段对浪花礁珊瑚礁鱼类进行调查研究,并结合1979年、1998—1999年及2003年的历史数据,解析浪...为明确西沙群岛浪花礁鱼类物种组成,揭示鱼类演变特征,保护和合理利用西沙群岛珊瑚礁鱼类,于2023年通过潜水捕捞、手钓、水下视频以及eDNA等手段对浪花礁珊瑚礁鱼类进行调查研究,并结合1979年、1998—1999年及2003年的历史数据,解析浪花礁鱼类种类组成及变化情况。截至目前浪花礁共发现鱼类259种,隶属12个目47科115属,其中鲈形目鱼类最多,为200种。结果显示:(1)浪花礁鱼类物种数与其对应的最大全长成指数相关,物种数随最大全长增加而显著减少,并且浪花礁以小型鱼类和肉食性鱼类占据主导地位,分别占总种类数的49.03%和59.07%;(2)2023年的调查结果较历史数据共有77种鱼类近年未发现,以肉食性最多,而大型鱼类几乎全为肉食性鱼类,并且7种位列于国际自然及自然资源保护联盟(International Union for Conservation of Nature,IUCN)红色名录的鱼类均为大型鱼类,除了棕点石斑鱼(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus),其他在本研究均未发现;(3)浪花礁鱼类在种类组成、食性组成及不同体型层面较历史的相似性指数均不相似甚至极不相似,尤其是大型鱼类和肉食性鱼类的相似度最低;(4)平均分类差异指数(Δ^(+))和变异分类差异指数(Λ^(+))呈下降趋势,降幅明显并低于95%置信区间。以上结果表明,浪花礁环境受到扰动,气候变化和人类干扰等多重压力导致浪花礁鱼类组成发生显著更替,大型肉食性鱼类所受影响最为显著。本研究为浪花礁珊瑚礁生态系统的深层理解和有效管理与保护提供了理论参考,为珊瑚礁生态系统的修复提供了基础数据和科学依据。展开更多
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province(323MS124,322CXTD530)Financial Fund of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.of China(NHZX2024)+3 种基金The Nan-Fan Aquaculture Joint Open Fund Project,Hainan Tropical Ocean University(2023SCNFKF06)Fundamental and Applied Fundamental Research Major Program of Guangdong Province(2019B030302004-05)Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,CAFS(2023TD16)Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,CAFS(2021SD04 and 2019TS28).
文摘A list of coral reef fish species of Huaguang Reef was compiled in 2023 using hand fishing,diving fishing,underwater video,and eDNA detection,combined with historical data from 1979 and archival records from the South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences for the years of 1998,1999,2003,and 2005.Successional characteristics of coral reef fishes through time were also explored.The findings revealed:(1)A total of 299 coral reef fish species were identified in Huaguang Reef,categorized into 2 classes,16 orders,and 56 families,with Perciformes exhibiting the highest species count(234),constituting 78.26%of all species.(2)In comparison to the period of 1979–2005,there was a reduction in the number of species at the order and family levels in 2023 at Huaguang Reef.Both the average taxonomic distinctness(Δt)and the variation in taxonomic distinctness(Λt)exhibited a declining trend,indicating disturbances in the fish ecosystem.(3)The proportion of herbivorous fish at Huaguang Reef remained relatively stable in 2023 compared to the 1979–2005 period.Notably,the similarity coefficient of herbivorous fish was the highest among different feeding types,signifying a degraded state of the Huaguang Reef habitat.(4)In contrast to the 1979–2005 period,a significant decline was observed in large-sized and carnivorous fish species at Huaguang Reef in 2023.The low similarity coefficients for both categories,with undiscovered fish species accounting for 58.49%and 45.76%of their respective taxa in the total list,respectively,suggested a notable impact of overfishing on coral reef fishes.The succession patterns revealed in this study provide a theoretical foundation for advancing the sustainable development of coral reef fish resources in the Xisha Islands and offer valuable insights for the protection and management of coral reef fishes.
基金Supported by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program(No.2013BAD13B06)the Financial Project of the Ministry of Agriculture(No.NFZX2013)+1 种基金the Special Scientific Research Funds for Central Non-profit Institutes,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences(Nos.2014TS18,2013ZD03)the National Agricultural Finance Project "South China Sea Fishing Information Dynamic Acquisition"
文摘A combination of traditional fish sampling methods(hand-line and gill net) and modern hydroacoustic techniques were used to study fish community structure,distribution,and diel movements of fish on Zhubi Reef to enhance understanding of the ecosystem.We collected 126 individuals from 29 species,20 genera,17 families,three orders,and two classes using traditional gear.Perciforms were the dominant group in terms of species richness and biomass.The acoustic data indicated that very small(target strength[TS],dB) <-60 dB) and small(-60 dB≤TS<-45 dB) fish contributed the most to abundance and species richness on the coral reef,and that the proportion of medium-sized(-45 dB≤TS<-35 dB) and largesized(-35 dB≤TS) fish increased gradually as depth increased.The single-target detection method revealed two distinct size classes during the day in the 12-16 and 16-20-m layers.One group consisted of very smallsized fish(TS<-60 dB) and the other consisted of medium and large-sized fish(TS>-55 dB).The number of single-target detections was significantly higher during the night than during the day(P<0.05).The singletarget TS frequency distribution during the day was significantly different than during the night at depths of4-8,8-12,12-16,and 16-20 m.Significant differences were observed among the 4-8,8-12,12-16,and16-20-m-depth layers during day and night.Diel vertical movement was evidenced as fish began to spread and move upward just before sunset and began to assemble and descend shortly(15 min) after sunrise.
文摘为明确西沙群岛浪花礁鱼类物种组成,揭示鱼类演变特征,保护和合理利用西沙群岛珊瑚礁鱼类,于2023年通过潜水捕捞、手钓、水下视频以及eDNA等手段对浪花礁珊瑚礁鱼类进行调查研究,并结合1979年、1998—1999年及2003年的历史数据,解析浪花礁鱼类种类组成及变化情况。截至目前浪花礁共发现鱼类259种,隶属12个目47科115属,其中鲈形目鱼类最多,为200种。结果显示:(1)浪花礁鱼类物种数与其对应的最大全长成指数相关,物种数随最大全长增加而显著减少,并且浪花礁以小型鱼类和肉食性鱼类占据主导地位,分别占总种类数的49.03%和59.07%;(2)2023年的调查结果较历史数据共有77种鱼类近年未发现,以肉食性最多,而大型鱼类几乎全为肉食性鱼类,并且7种位列于国际自然及自然资源保护联盟(International Union for Conservation of Nature,IUCN)红色名录的鱼类均为大型鱼类,除了棕点石斑鱼(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus),其他在本研究均未发现;(3)浪花礁鱼类在种类组成、食性组成及不同体型层面较历史的相似性指数均不相似甚至极不相似,尤其是大型鱼类和肉食性鱼类的相似度最低;(4)平均分类差异指数(Δ^(+))和变异分类差异指数(Λ^(+))呈下降趋势,降幅明显并低于95%置信区间。以上结果表明,浪花礁环境受到扰动,气候变化和人类干扰等多重压力导致浪花礁鱼类组成发生显著更替,大型肉食性鱼类所受影响最为显著。本研究为浪花礁珊瑚礁生态系统的深层理解和有效管理与保护提供了理论参考,为珊瑚礁生态系统的修复提供了基础数据和科学依据。
