Permeability Logging:A Breakthrough from 0 to1

On March 3,2024,the prototype permeability logging instrument independently developed in China successfully completed its first downhole test in Ren 91 standard well in PetroChina Huabei Oilfield.In the open hole section at a depth of 3925 metres and at a temperature of 148℃,the device collected high-quality permeability logging data.This marks a key technological breakthrough from 0 to 1 in permeability logging,and lays the foundation for the next step in developing a complete set of permeability logging equipment.

Three decades and beyond:Breeding,biotech breakthroughs and future of China's GM insect-resistant cotton

Cotton(Gossypium spp.)is a pivotal crop in the global textile industry,providing essential natural fibers.Additionally,cottonseed offers significant value as a source of oil and as feed for livestock(Huang et al.2021;Wen et al.2023).The sector,dependent on cotton,features a comprehensive value chain extending from the processing of fibers to the production of finished textiles,and it employs tens of millions of individuals(Dorward et al.1970).

Big Fish, Big Market Controversies and breakthroughs in salmon farming in China

On August 28,salmon industry insiders and consumers shared insights and analysis on the salmon market and consumption at the 7th Global Salmon Industry Development Summit.An important component of the 18th Shanghai International Fisheries Expo,the event attracted more than100 salmon farming companies from around the globe to exchange views on the current situation and future development of the industry.

Blasts Of Progress Xinjiang Bayi Iron and Steel's carbon reduction breakthroughs

Facing dual challenges of climate change and energy crisis,the global iron and steel industry has been seeking to balance efficiency with energy conservation and environmental protection.Could the realities of blast furnace operation possibly align with low-carbon circular development within China's iron and steel industry?Hydrogen-rich carbon circulating oxygen blast furnace (HyCROF)technology is gaining traction in the Chinese metallurgical industry.

Suggestions on Improving China’s Breakthrough Therapy Designation System

Objective To analyze the characteristics of breakthrough therapy designation(BTD)and its implementation in China,and to provide reference for the optimization of BTD system.Methods A comparative research method was used to study the content and implementation effect of BTD system in China and the relevant policies and implementation of the same procedures of drug regulatory authorities in the United States,Japan and the European Union.Then,the differences in policies and implementation results among these countries were analyzed to provide suggestions for the implementation and optimization of this system in China.Results and Conclusion China’s BTD system is implemented late and a small number of drugs has been approved.At the same time,there are problems such as insufficient guidance and communication from the agency to applicants,a broad application condition,single review mode,and lack of full-time personnel.Both the agencies and the applicants have limited experience due to the short implementation time of BTD system in China.There are still some problems despite we have learned a lot from the experience of other drug regulatory agencies.Therefore,based on our national conditions,we should strengthen the guidance of evaluation agency to applicants,optimize the eligibility criteria of BTD system,introduce the rolling review,and increase the number of professional liaisons,which can accelerate the development and marketing process of drugs with obvious clinical value,and finally to address unmet medical need.

A Review of the Research on the Influencing Factors of Enterprise Key Core Technology Breakthrough

The breakthrough of key core technology is a theoretical and practical strategic issue to realize the rise of the country.This paper analyzes the concept of key core technology and its breakthrough and analyzes its characteristics.Based on the perspective of participants,this paper summarizes the influencing factors of key core technology breakthroughs in enterprises:internal and external enterprises,universities and scientific research institutions,and government.This paper expands the relevant research on key core technology breakthroughs and provides inspiration for enterprises to carry out key core technology research and breakthrough practices.

Simulation of thermal breakthrough factors affecting carbonate geothermalto-well systems

Fractures play a pivotal role in carbonate thermal storage systems,serving as primary hydraulic conductivity channels that significantly influence thermal breakthrough times and heat extraction efficiency in geothermal-to-well systems.Their impact is critical for well placement and system life prediction.This paper focuses on a geothermal-to-well system within the carbonate reservoir of the Wumishan formation in the Rongcheng geothermal field,Xiong'an new area.It employs a combination of field tests and numerical simulations to determine the permeability of the reservoir and the evolution of fractures between wells.It also examines the influence of fracture width and roughness coefficient on the seepage and temperature fields under various injection scenarios and predicts thermal breakthrough times for production wells.The results show:Higher permeability is observed near well D16 compared to well D22 within the studied geothermal-to-well systems.Wider fractures between wells result in faster temperature decline in production wells.Lower injection flow rates lead to slower temperature reduction in injection wells.The use of roughness coefficients minimizes temperature variations in production wells.This study not only offers guidance for the development and utilization of the geothermal well system,but also contributes to a deeper understanding of the groundwater seepage and heat transfer process influenced by fractures.

A Numerical Simulation Study of Temperature and Pressure Effects on the Breakthrough Pressure of CO_(2)in Unsaturated Low-permeability Rock Core

Gas breakthrough pressure is a key parameter to evaluate the sealing capacity of caprock,and it also plays important roles in safety and capacity of CO_(2)geological storage.Based on the published experimental results,we present numerical simulations on CO_(2)breakthrough pressure in unsaturated low-permeability rock under 9 multiple P-T conditions(which can keep CO_(2)in gaseous,liquid and supercritical states)and thus,a numerical method which can be used to accurately predict CO_(2)breakthrough pressure on rock-core scale is proposed.The simulation results show that CO_(2)breakthrough pressure and breakthrough time are exponential correlated with P-T conditions.Meanwhile,pressure has stronger effects on experimental results than that of temperature.Moreover,we performed sensitivity studies on the pore distribution indexλ(0.6,0.7,0.8,and 0.9)in van Genuchten-Muale model.Results show that with the increase ofλ,CO_(2)breakthrough pressure and breakthrough time both show decreasing trends.In other words,the larger the value ofλis,the better the permeability of the caprock is,and the worse the CO_(2)sealing capacity is.The numerical method established in this study can provide an important reference for the prediction of gas breakthrough pressure on rock-core scale and for related numerical studies.

A breakthrough in cotton transformation technology

A new cotton transformation method was developed by Ge and colleagues at Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,and this work was published in a recent issue of the Journal of Integrative Plant Biology(Ge et al.2023;https://doi.org/10.1111/jipb.13427).This method is a milestone progress in the development of cotton transformation technologies,as it can be used to transform different genotypes and species of cotton such as Gossypium hirsutum,Gossypium barbadense,and Gossypium arboreum.This method is fast,user friendly,and the transformation efficiency is equivalent to or superior to other cotton transformation methods.

Postvaccination breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections among adults in Malaysia and attitudes towards future vaccination

Objective:To determine the frequency and severity of the breakthrough infections and the associated factors in Malaysia.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted among the adult general population in Malaysia who completed at least one dose of vaccination.The validated online questionnaires were used for data collection between December 2022 to February 2023.The participants were recruited by a convenient sampling method.The data were analysed by descriptive statistics,and logistic regression by using SPSS(Version 27).Qualitative data from open-ended questions were analysed as thematic analysis by using RQDA software.Results:A total of 524 participants'data were analyzed and 77.5%of them completed three doses of COVID-19 vaccination.Breakthrough infections after vaccination were reported in 57.3%of the participants.Age group of 18 and 30 years(aOR 2.32,95%CI 1.01-5.32)and other ethnicities(aOR 2.00,95%CI 1.02-3.93)significantly associated with the occurrence of breakthrough infections.A total of 35.5%of the participants were not willing to take another booster dose in the future because of their attitudes towards fear of long-term side effects,lack of trust to the vaccine,less susceptibility to severe infection,belief in natural immunity,and myths.Conclusions:Future public health policies and interventions should be focused on disseminating the information about safety of booster doses of vaccine,management and re-assurance of side effects,and targeted vaccination to the working(younger age group)and ethnic minorities.

Diagnostic Method and Adaptability Analysis of Multiple Water Breakthroughs in Horizontal Well in Combined Well Pattern

The combined well pattern has been widely used in reservoir development, with a common pattern being a horizontal well in the center for oil production and multiple vertical wells around for water injection. For this type of well pattern, determining the horizontal well is affected by which injection wells, especially when the injecting water breaks through, accurately determining the direction of water inflow will provide an important basis for targeted water well measures. Based on the production performance data of horizontal wells, the semi logarithmic relationship curves of water-oil ratio, derivative water-oil ratio, and cumulative production were used for the first time to determine the breakthrough problem of water injection in the surrounding water injection wells of horizontal wells based on their response characteristics. The adaptability of this method under different influencing factors was analyzed. Introducing the parameter of cumulative production not only preserves the variation trend of the derivative of water-oil ratio with time, but also facilitates the processing of actual production data.

NEXT-LEVEL TECHNOLOGY Construction of the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway required overcoming world-level challenges with myriad technological breakthroughs

When the sun rises,high-speed trains are already lined up for departure from Halim Station of the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway(HSR)in Indonesia.After seven years of preparation,the first Chinese-built high-speed railway in Indonesia and the Southeast Asian region finally set off,ending ages of anticipation.

夹层型页岩油突破及其油气地质意义——以四川盆地中部G119H井为例

近期,中国石油西南油气田公司在四川盆地中部(以下简称川中)公山庙西地区部署实施的侏罗系凉高山组夹层型页岩油重点评价井——G119H井,测试获产油20 t/d、产气0.6×10^(4) m^(3)/d,取得了该盆地湖相夹层型页岩油的新突破。为了进一步明确四川盆地凉高山组湖相页岩油的资源潜力及勘探前景,基于G119H井所在区域的地质、地震资料,开展了凉高山组沉积地质背景、河道刻画、优质储层特征、富集模式等研究。研究结果表明:(1)凉高山组在多期湖盆迁移背景下,纵向发育多期叠置湖相页岩、三角洲前缘砂体;(2)公山庙西地区凉二段底部发育浅水三角洲前缘砂体,砂体由西南向北东推进入湖;(3)凉二段分流河道为最有利微相,岩性主要为细—中粒岩屑砂岩,平均孔隙度达6.3%,孔喉结构为小孔—微喉连通模式,可动油占比较高;(4)凉高山组夹层型页岩油分布广,具备烃源岩厚度大(超过10 m)、储层物性好、源储组合相邻匹配等有利条件;(5)该盆地内凉高山组夹层型页岩油有利地区面积约1.38×10^(4) km^(2),利用四川盆地现有三维地震资料刻画凉二段分流河道分布面积为2 336 km^(2),估算石油资源量约15×10^(8) t。结论认为,G119H井的突破揭示了川中地区凉二段夹层型页岩油具有规模开发潜力,进一步展现了盆地侏罗系页岩油良好的资源基础,明确了川中地区凉二段夹层型页岩油是“十四五”及中长期增储上产重点层段。

科创企业创始人的角色塑造与转换及其对突破性创新的作用机制

科创企业是实现科技自主创新和服务国家重大战略的重要载体,其创始人如何塑造与转换角色是企业创新突破的关键,但现有研究缺乏对科创企业创始人角色塑造与转换的条件、过程及结果的理论探讨。本文采用单案例分析方法,探究科创企业创始人的角色塑造与转换及其对突破性创新的作用机制。研究发现:外部情境和创始人特质双重因素是创始人角色塑造与转换的先决条件;角色塑造与转换对突破性创新的作用机制是创始人依次触发角色动机、建构角色定位,进而执行角色行为、形成角色效应的过程;随着外部环境的阶段性变化和创始人特质的阶段性凸显,创始人的角色动机依次实现从核心技术自主动机、应用技术转化动机到生态技术深化动机的转变,角色定位呈现“技术领头羊—战略驾驭者—创新文化引领者”的演变,角色行为也从资源自建转变为资源杠杆再转变为资源共创,推动企业依次形成核心技术突破效应、应用技术占有效应、生态技术赋能效应。本文研究结论为科创企业创始人角色管理和创新实践提供了借鉴。

“内外兼修”企业社交媒体使用对突破式创新的驱动机制研究

数字化时代社交媒体蓬勃发展,为企业突破式创新带来了机遇。现实中,如何运用社交媒体实现突破式创新是企业面临的重要问题。结合组织学习理论、社会资本理论,从内外部视角探索两种社交媒体可供性对企业突破式创新的差异化作用机制。结果显示,内部整合导向的社交媒体使用通过组织忘却学习促进突破式创新,外部营销导向的社交媒体使用通过加深跨界用户嵌入促进突破式创新。此外,双元战略导向在两条路径上分别发挥调节作用。创业导向水平越高,内部整合导向的社交媒体使用对组织忘却学习的促进作用越显著;市场导向水平越高,外部营销导向的社交媒体使用对跨界用户嵌入的推动作用越显著。结论有助于丰富社交媒体与突破式创新相关研究,为企业应用社交媒体技术实现突破式创新提供启示。

数据赋能关键核心技术突破的内在机理研究

随着数字经济在各领域的不断渗透,数据赋能在高新技术产业的发展中起着至关重要的作用。本文基于组织创新壁垒瓦解的视角,通过对我国某玻璃新材料设计龙头企业从技术跟随到技术领跑的研发技术的数据赋能过程展开案例研究,并构建了数据赋能关键核心技术突破的整合性理论模型。研究结果发现,数据赋能关键核心技术突破遵循着“数据系统搭建-组织创新实现-数据能力激活-关键核心技术突破”的内在机理路径,同时需要根据技术发展的不同阶段,整合相应的数据资源和数据能力来发挥数据的赋能作用。研究基于组织创新壁垒瓦解视角数据赋能的内在机理进行研究,丰富了关键核心技术突破在大数据情境中的新解读,对指导企业利用数据攻克关键核心技术具有重要的启示功能。

专精特新“小巨人”企业培育对突破式创新的影响研究

以中小板、科创板和创业板上市公司为研究对象,运用多时点双重差分法,探究专精特新“小巨人”企业培育对突破式创新的影响。研究发现,专精特新“小巨人”企业培育促进了突破式创新,且经过一系列稳健性检验结论依然成立。作用机制分析发现,专精特新“小巨人”企业培育通过促进数字化转型和优化人力资本结构实现突破式创新,并且数字化转型与人力资本结构在此过程中发挥链式中介的作用。进一步研究发现,法制环境和高管金融背景强化了专精特新“小巨人”企业培育政策的实施效果,而经济政策不确定性削弱了专精特新“小巨人”企业培育政策的实施效果。

新型举国体制下实施核心技术攻关的哲学思考与践行路径

文章通过对新型举国体制下实施核心技术攻关进行历史经验分析和创新理念阐述的基础上,展开哲学思考:从顶层设计和总体优化层面把握技术攻关的国家干预、从系统集成和系统协调层面剖析技术攻关的系统思维、从引进吸收和自主创新层面洞察技术攻关的辩证思维、从目标确立与认识闭环层面理解技术攻关的认识论。由此,提出新型举国体制下实施核心技术攻关的践行路径:发挥党和政府的系统性顶层设计战略指导作用、强化关键核心技术攻关的机制化生态建设、把握有为政府与有效市场的作用边界、形成高效的管理协调机制以及鼓励对外开放与国际合作。

新医科语境下医学伦理的实践挑战与理论突围

在全球范围和中国语境下开启的新医科范畴,推进了医学伦理的纵深发展并打开新的向度。医学伦理作为动态平衡且不断发展的概念,伴随医学使命而生。在新医科语境下,医学伦理面临来自以利益为主线、以知识权力和专业技术两翼构成的三维挑战。这种挑战植根于医学能力的提升,社会资本的介入,医生的专业权力以及生物科技融合发展带来的专业话语。实践挑战的本质是理论困境,解决实践难题根本上需要理论突围。需要建构基于责任伦理为关键词、以公共伦理融合个体道德、以专业伦理深化常识道德的医学伦理体系。

固态胺吸附去除CO_(2)行为研究

为解决基于固态胺材料的再生式CO_(2)去除技术在便携式生保系统中的应用问题,开展了固态胺材料吸附去除CO_(2)的性能研究。进行了不同吸附温度、入口CO_(2)浓度、气体流量条件下固态胺吸附CO_(2)的穿透试验,获得了相应的穿透曲线;利用Wheeler方程对穿透曲线进行了拟合,得到了相应的拟合方程、平衡吸附量等结果。结果表明:通过Wheeler方程能够准确描述固态胺吸附CO_(2)的行为;获得了CO_(2)穿透率分别为10%和50%时的穿透时间与气体流量间的线性关系方程,方程可应用于预测固态胺反应器性能、切换周期等,使评估反应器性能的试验大为简化。