Electrochemiluminescence of Bare Glassy Carbon with Benzoyl Peroxide as the Coreactant in N,N-Dimethylformamide

The electrochemiluminescence(ECL)properties of many carbon materials have been reported with glassy carbon(GC),Pt,Au or indium tin oxide(ITO)as the working electrode(WE).As one type of carbon materials,GC itself can generate ECL signal.Some research groups have already noticed the ECL signal from GC WE and reported the results of GC WE with respect to their luminophores.However,comprehensive analyses of ECL properties of GC WE are rare.Herein,the ECL properties of GC WE in organic electrolyte with benzoyl peroxide as the coreactant are reported.Our results are of great importance to distinguish the true ECL data of luminophores from that of GC.

A Review of Soy-Tannin Gelling for Resins Applications

Soy flour(SF),soy protein and soy protein isolates(SPI)have been the focus of increasing research on their application as new materials for a variety of applications,mainly for wood adhesives and other resins.Tannins too have been the focus of increasing research for similar applications.While both materials are classed as non-toxic and have achieved interesting results the majority of the numerous and rather inventive approaches have still relied on some sort of hardeners or cross-linkers to bring either of them or even their combination to achieve acceptable results.The paper after a presentation of the two materials and their characteristics concentrates on the formation of gels,gelling and even hardening in the case of soy-tannin combined resins.The chapter than finishes with details of the formation of resins giving suitable wood adhesive of acceptable performance by the covalent coreaction of soy protein and tannin without any other hardener,thus totally bio-sourced,non-toxic and environment friendly as a base of further advances to expect in future by these two materials combination.

Recent Advances of Electrochemiluminescent System in Bioassay

Electrochemiluminescent(ECL)technique has drawn increasing attention in a myriad of applications ranging from clinic diagnosis to the environment and food monitoring.The advantages of ECL sensors include high sensitivity,negligible background,and excellent controllability with respect to its counterparts.The past 2 years have witnessed an impetus in the rise of a batch of luminophores and coreactants as advanced materials to boost the ECL efficiencies.In the review,we summarize the latest progress of new ECL biosensing systems,in particular of emerging luminophores,coreactants,and the involved mechanisms.Possible limitations and exciting future developments of the ECL biosensing are also complementarily discussed.It is highly envisioned that the review article would inspire more intriguing advances both in the fundamental research and more demanding practical applications of ECL for prospective biosensing.

Electrochemiluminescence Imaging Techniques for Analysis and Visualizing

Electrochemiluminescence(ECL)-based imaging analysis is a dominant method to inspect the electrode composition,to study electrochemical reaction kinetics at a microscopic level,and also a rapid emerging technology in bioanalysis with high spatiotemporal resolutions,high-throughput and visualization characteristics.In comparison with other imaging microscopes,an optical excitation is not involved in imaging,thus the approach is free from background noise resulting in a low detec-tion limit.In this review work,the principle of ECL,its unique natures compared to other luminescence techniques were briefed at first.Then after,the progress and basic principles of ECL imaging were summarized.Furthermore,recent and representative advances of ECL imaging for visualizing and sensing applications were reviewed.Finally,the perspectives in ECL imaging for further perspective were discussed.

Electrochemiluminescence in Thermo-Responsive Hydrogel Films with Tunable Thickness

Electrochemiluminescence(ECL)has attracted considerable interest for many applications such as microscopy,(bio)analysis,light-emitting materials or devices.In this work,we report the fabrication and characterization of ECL-active hydrogel films with tunable thickness.The redox films were prepared by electrochemically-assisted radical polymerization by potential cycling of a PBS solution containing the monomer N-isopropylacrylamide,the initiator potassium persulfate,the cross-linker N,N′-methylenebis(acrylamide)and the Ru(bpy)3 monomer.The deposits were easily prepared in a rapid and well-controlled one-step procedure.The resulting homogeneous films are composed of a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(pNIPAM)matrix,which incorporates covalently[Ru(bpy)_(3)]^(2+)centers.The thickness and the number of ECL-active sites is tuned by control-ling the number of voltammetric scans.The deposited pNIPAM films are permeable to water-soluble chemicals such as the coreactant tri-n-propylamine(TPrA).The voltammetric characterization shows a continuous increase of the number of redox-active sites.Results indicate that ECL signals are proportional to the number of electrodeposited[Ru(bpy)_(3)]^(2+)centers.Such approach combining ECL and stimuli-responsive hydrogels open exciting prospects for developing new(bio)sensing materials.