Coronas around Olivine in the Miaowan Olivine Norite, Yangtze Craton, South China

Coronitic microstructures have been used to interpret the late-stage solidification history of igneous rocks and to constrain the corresponding chemical and/or physical changes. Coronas with three shells were also recognized in the Miaowan olivine norite, Yangtze Craton, South China. In our study, orthopyroxene intergrowth with vermicular magnetite in the inner shell is in optical continuity with magnetite-free orthopyroxene in the middle shell. In the outer shell of brown amphibole remaining magnetite-free orthopyroxene inclusions sporadically occur. Meanwhile Mg# values of orthopyroxene(76–80) in the inner and middle shells are basically consistent with olivine(78–81). In this paper, we propose a multi-stage genetic model for the formation of coronas in the Miaowan olivine norite. In the first stage, the magnetite-free orthopyroxene shell formed through reaction between primocrystal olivine with the residual Si-rich melt at 990–1 053 ℃ and 6.2–6.5 kbar. In the second stage, the orthopyroxene-magnetite symplectite shell formed when primocrystal olivine reacted with the late-stage residual Fe-rich melt promoted by high oxygen fugacity condition at 927–1 035 ℃ and 6.0–6.5 kbar. In the third stage, the brown amphibole shell formed as the presence of residual hydrous melt and replaced the middle shell at 821–900 ℃ and 5.5–6.0 kbar.

Quantitative study of protein coronas on gold nano- particles with different surface modifications

Protein coronas provide the biological identity of nanomaterials in vivo. Here we have used dynamic light scattering （DLS） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM） to investigate the adsorption of serum proteins, including bovine serum albumin （BSA）, transferrin （TRF） and fibrinogen （FIB）, on gold nanoparticles （AuNPs） with different surface modifications （citrate, thioglycolic acid, cysteine, polyethylene glycol （PEG, Mw = 2 k and 5 k））. AuNPs with PEG（5 k） surface modification showed no protein adsorption. AuNPs with non-PEG surface modifications showed aggregation with FIB. AuNPs with citrate and thioglycolic acid surface modifications showed 6-8 nm thick BSA and TRF coronas （corres- ponding to monolayer or bilayer proteins）, in which the microscopic dissociation constants of BSA and TRF protein coronas are in the range of 104 to 104 M.

Laplacian Perfect State Transfer in Extended Neighborhood Coronas

In this paper,we give some sufficient conditions for extended neighborhood coronas to have Laplacian perfect state transfer.We also give some conditions for extended neighborhood coronas to be periodic.

F_(m)、P_(n)⊙F_(m)和C_(n)⊙F_(m)的r-hued染色研究

给定2个图G和H,它们的corona乘积图记为G⊙H,是将图G拷贝一份、图H拷贝|V(G)|份,图G的第i个顶点和图H的第i个拷贝份的每个顶点连边而得到的图.图G的(k,r)-染色是图G正常k-染色,使得度数为d的每个顶点的邻点至少染min{d,r}种不同的颜色.r-hued染色数是最小正整数k,使得图G具有(k,r)-染色,用χr(G)来表示.主要讨论F_(m),P_(n)⊙F_(m)和C_(n)⊙F_(m)的r-hued染色数.

The characteristics of negative corona discharge and radio interference at different altitudes based on coaxial wire-cylinder gap

The corona discharge from transmission lines in high-altitude areas is more severe than at lower altitudes. The radio interference caused thereby is a key factor to be considered when designing transmission lines. To study the influence of altitude on negative corona characteristics, an experimental platform comprising a movable small corona cage was established: experiments were conducted at four altitudes in the range of 1120-4320 m, and data on the corona current pulse and radio interference level of 0.8-mm diameter fine copper wire under different negative voltages were collected. The experimental results show that the average amplitude, repetition frequency and average current of the corona current pulse increase with increasing altitude. The dispersion of pulse amplitude increases with increase in altitude, while the randomness of the pulse interval decreases continuously. Taking the average current as an intermediate variable,the relationship between radio interference level and altitude is obtained. The result of this research has some significance for understanding the corona discharge characteristics of ultra-highvoltage lines.

Observation of Standing Slow Magneto-acoustic Waves in a Flaring Active Region Corona Loop

Intensity fluctuations are frequently observed in different regions and structures of the solar corona.These fluctuations may be caused by magneto-hydrodynamic(MHD)waves in coronal plasma.MHD waves are prime candidates for the dynamics,energy transfer,and anomalous temperature of the solar corona.In this paper,analysis is conducted on intensity and temperature fluctuations along the active region coronal loop(NOAA AR 13599)near solar flares.The intensity and temperature as functions of time and distance along the loop are extracted using images captured by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly(AIA)instrument onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory(SDO)space telescope.To observe and comprehend the causes of intensity and temperature fluctuations,after conducting initial processing,and applying spatial and temporal frequency filters to data,enhanced distance-time maps of these variables are drawn.The space-time maps of intensities show standing oscillations at wavelengths of 171,193,and 211A with greater precision and clarity than earlier findings.The amplitude of these standing oscillations(waves)decreases and increases over time.The average values of the oscillation period,damping time,damping quality,projected wavelength,and projected phase speed of standing intensity oscillations are in the range of 15-18 minutes,24-31 minutes,1.46″-2″,132″-134″,and 81-100 km s^(-1),respectively.Also,the differential emission measure peak temperature values along the loop are found in the range of 0.51-3.98 MK,using six AIA passbands,including 94,131,171,193,211,and 335?.Based on the values of oscillation periods,phase speeds,damping time,and damping quality,it is inferred that the fluctuations in intensity are related to standing slow magneto-acoustic waves with weak damping.

Experimental study of the effect of gas discharge on ionic liquid electrospray

Ionic liquid electrospray(ILE) in an atmospheric environment is often accompanied by the gas discharge phenomenon. It interferes with the normal operation of the electrospray and the measurement of experimental parameters. In this study, electrospray experiments were conducted on the ionic liquid EMI-BF4. The observations revealed that the operating modes of the ionic liquid depend on the voltage polarity at high voltages. Additionally, a correspondence between the operating mode of ILE and the current signal in the circuit was established. The shape of the liquid cone formed at the needle tip bore a striking resemblance to the plume of corona discharge, suggesting that the motion trajectory of electrons influenced the curvature of the liquid cone. Steamer theory provided a clear explanation for the change in curvature as the voltage increased.

Non-thermal atmospheric-pressure positive pulsating corona discharge in degradation of textile dye Reactive Blue 19 enhanced by Bi_(2)O_(3) catalyst

In this work,monoclinic Bi_(2)O_(3) was applied for the first time,to the best of our knowledge,as a catalyst in the process of dye degradation by a non-thermal atmospheric-pressure positive pulsating corona discharge.The research focused on the interaction of the plasma-generated species and the catalyst,as well as the role of the catalyst in the degradation process.Plasma decomposition of the anthraquinone reactive dye Reactive Blue 19(RB 19) was performed in a selfmade reactor system.Bi_(2)O_(3) was prepared by electrodeposition followed by thermal treatment,and characterized by x-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive xray techniques.It was observed that the catalyst promoted decomposition of plasma-generated H_(2)O_(2) into ·OH radicals,the principal dye-degrading reagent,which further attacked the dye molecules.The catalyst improved the decolorization rate by 2.5 times,the energy yield by 93.4%and total organic carbon removal by 7.1%.Excitation of the catalyst mostly occurred through strikes by plasma-generated reactive ions and radical species from the air,accelerated by the electric field,as well as by fast electrons with an energy of up to 15 eV generated by the streamers reaching the liquid surface.These strikes transferred the energy to the catalyst and created the electrons and holes,which further reacted with H_(2)O_(2) and water,producing ·OH radicals.This was indentified as the primary role of the catalyst in this process.Decolorization reactions followed pseudo first-order kinetics.Production of H_(2)O_(2) and the dye degradation rate increased with increase in the input voltage.The optimal catalyst dose was 500 mg·dm^(-3).The decolorization rate was a little lower in river water compared with that in deionized water due to the side reactions of ·OH radicals with organic matter and inorganic ions dissolved in the river water.

Nonlinear Coupling of Kinetic Alfvén Waves and Ion Acoustic Waves in the Inner Heliosphere

We study the nonlinear coupling of kinetic Alfvén waves with ion acoustic waves applicable to the Earth’s radiation belt and near-Sun streamer belt solar wind using dynamical equations in the form of modified Zakharov systems.Numerical simulations show the formation of magnetic field filamentary structures associated with density humps and dips which become turbulent at later times,redistributing the energy to higher wavenumbers.The magnetic power spectra exhibit an inertial range Kolmogorov-like spectral index value of-5/3 for k_(⊥)ρ_(i)<1 followed by a steeper dissipation range spectra with indices~-3 for the radiation belt case and~-4 for the nearSun streamer belt solar wind case,here k_(⊥)andρ_(i)represent the wavevector component perpendicular to the background magnetic field and the ion thermal gyroradius,respectively.Applying quasilinear theory in terms of the Fokker-Planck equation in the region of wavenumber turbulent spectra,we find the particle distribution function flattening in the superthermal tail population which is the signature of particle energization and plasma heating.

Physics-informed Neural Network for Force-free Magnetic Field Extrapolation

In this paper,we propose a physics-informed neural network extrapolation method that leverages machine learning techniques to reconstruct coronal magnetic fields.We enhance the classical neural network structure by introducing the concept of a quasi-output layer to address the challenge of preserving physical constraints during the neural network extrapolation process.Furthermore,we employ second-order optimization methods for training the neural network,which are more efficient compared to the first-order optimization methods commonly used in classical machine learning.Our approach is evaluated on the widely recognized semi-analytical model proposed by Low and Lou.The results demonstrate that the deep learning method achieves high accuracy in reconstructing the semianalytical model across multiple evaluation metrics.In addition,we validate the effectiveness of our method on the observed magnetogram of active region.

Electromagnetic Ion Beam Instability in the Solar Corona

Remote-sensing measurements indicate that heavy ions in the corona undergo an anisotropic and mass-charge dependent energization.A popular explanation to this phenomenon is the damping of the Alfven/ion cyclotron waves.In this paper,we propose that the ion beam instability can be an important source of the Alfven/ion cyclotron waves,and we study the excitation of the ion beam instability in the corona at the heliocentric distance~3R_(⊙)and the corresponding energy transfer process therein ba sed on plasma kinetic theory.The results indicate that the existence of the motionless heavy ions inhibits the ion beam instability.However,the anisotropic beams of heavy ions promote the excitation of the ion beam instability.Besides,the existence ofαbeams can provide a second energy source for exciting beam instability.However,when both the proton beam and the a beam reach the instability excitation threshold,the proton beam driven instability excites preferentially.Moreover,the excitation threshold of the Alfven/ion cyclotron instability driven by ion beam is of the local Alfven speed or even less in the corona.

A Confined Two-peaked Solar Flare Observed by EAST and SDO

The solar flare is one of the most violent explosions,and can disturb the near-Earth space weather.Except for commonly single-peaked solar flares in soft X-ray,some special flares show intriguing a two-peak feature that is deserved much more attentions.Here,we reported a confined two-peaked solar flare and analyzed the associated eruptions using high-quality observations from Educational Adaptive-optics Solar Telescope and Solar Dynamics Observatory.Before the flare,a magnetic flux rope(MFR)formed through partially tether-cutting reconnection between two sheared arches.The flare occurred after the MFR eruption that was confined by the overlying strong field.Interestingly,a small underlying filament immediately erupted,which was possibly destabilized by the flare ribbon.The successive eruptions were confirmed by the analysis of the emission measure and the reconnection fluxes.Therefore,we suggest that the two peaks of the confined solar flare are corresponding to two episodes of magnetic reconnection during the successive eruptions of the MFR and the underlying filament.

End-to-end computational design for an EUV solar corona multispectral imager with stray light suppression

An extreme ultraviolet solar corona multispectral imager can allow direct observation of high temperature coronal plasma,which is related to solar flares,coronal mass ejections and other significant coronal activities.This manuscript proposes a novel end-to-end computational design method for an extreme ultraviolet(EUV)solar corona multispectral imager operating at wavelengths near 100 nm,including a stray light suppression design and computational image recovery.To suppress the strong stray light from the solar disk,an outer opto-mechanical structure is designed to protect the imaging component of the system.Considering the low reflectivity(less than 70%)and strong-scattering(roughness)of existing extreme ultraviolet optical elements,the imaging component comprises only a primary mirror and a curved grating.A Lyot aperture is used to further suppress any residual stray light.Finally,a deep learning computational imaging method is used to correct the individual multi-wavelength images from the original recorded multi-slit data.In results and data,this can achieve a far-field angular resolution below 7",and spectral resolution below 0.05 nm.The field of view is±3 R_(☉)along the multi-slit moving direction,where R☉represents the radius of the solar disk.The ratio of the corona's stray light intensity to the solar center's irradiation intensity is less than 10-6 at the circle of 1.3 R_(☉).

Prevention and Control Strategies of Nosocomial Infection and Effectiveness Evaluation in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital during the Epidemic of COVID-19

Objective: To evaluate the role of prevention and control strategies for nosocomial infection in a tertiary teaching hospital during the sudden outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: The hospital initiated an emergency plan involving multi-departmental defense and control. It adopted a series of nosocomial infection prevention and control measures, including strengthening pre-examination and triage, optimizing the consultation process, improving the hospital’s architectural composition, implementing graded risk management, enhancing personal protection, and implementing staff training and supervision. Descriptive research was used to evaluate the short-term effects of these in-hospital prevention and control strategies. The analysis compared changes in related evaluation indicators between January 24, 2020 and February 12, 2020 (Chinese Lunar New Year’s Eve 2020 to lunar January 19) and the corresponding lunar period of the previous year. Results: Compared to the same period last year, the outpatient fever rate increased by 1.85-fold (P P Conclusion: The nosocomial infection prevention and control strategies implemented during this specific period improved the detection and control abilities for the COVID-19 source of infection and enhanced the compliance with measures. This likely contributed significantly to avoiding the occurrence of nosocomial infection.

Dosage and utilization of dexamethasone in the management of COVID-19: A critical review

BACKGROUND The severe respiratory manifestations observed in severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)cases are often associated with an excessive inflammatory response.Dexamethasone,a synthetic glucocorticoid,exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the transcription of pro-inflammatory genes and suppressing the activity of various immune cells.This mechanism has implications for mitigating the cytokine storm observed in severe COVID-19 cases.Early on in the pandemic,the Recovery Collaborative working group showed a mortality benefit of using dexamethasone in decreasing mortality in patients with COVID-19 requiring respiratory support.However,the optimal dosage of corticosteroids remains debatable.Several studies that compare different doses of dexamethasone in COVID-19 exist,but the results are conflicting.AIM To review the latest evidence regarding dosage,safety,and efficacy of dexamethasone in severe COVID-19.METHODS We followed preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines.A detailed literature search was conducted across PubMed,Google Scholar,and Medline to include publications up to March 2024.Our keywords included“COVID-19”“SARS-CoV-2”“dexamethasone”“corticosteroid”“steroid”and“glucocorticoid”-along with their combinations.We employed the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale to evaluate the integrity and potential of bias in the included studies.A meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model,assessing pooled odds ratios and mean differences,with heterogeneity gauged by the I2 statistic and theχ^(2) tests.RESULTS No statistical differences were found in 28-day all-cause mortality[pooled odds ratio(OR)=1.109,95%CI:0.918-1.340],60-day all-cause mortality(OR=0.873,95%CI:0.744-1.024;I2=47.29%),mean length of hospital stay(mean difference=-0.08 days,95%CI:-0.001 to 0.161)and adverse events(OR=0.877,95%CI:0.707-1.087).CONCLUSION Differing doses of corticosteroids have no clinical implications on mortality,mean length of hospital stay,and adverse events in COVID-19 patients.Additional research is required in patients requiring invasive or noninvasive ventilation.

Corona渲染技术在室内效果图仿真制作中的应用教学——以“教研室办公空间”效果图制作为例

Corona是一款建筑可视化渲染器,可作为插件集成在3ds Max中,它渲染设置简单,可在浮动视口开启交互式渲染并实时观察渲染结果,可以渲染出照片级写实的室内效果图。以“教研室办公空间”Corona渲染为例,基于3ds Max通过硬装材质赋予、硬装场景灯光设置、硬装场景摄影机创建及视口设置,完成软装和渲染输出,从而阐明Corona渲染器在室内设计项目、室内设计专业教学中的应用,为其他室内效果图仿真提供技术参考。

基于Corona和Spot-5影像的图们江下游敬信湿地变化研究

采用1964年的Corona影像和2004年的Spot-5影像作为数据源,结合"3S"技术与实地考查资料,对图们江下游敬信湿地信息进行了提取与分类,分别得到了研究区1964年和2004年的湿地分类图;通过建立研究区的湿地动态变化特征模型,从各类型湿地的面积变化和斑块变化两个角度,研究敬信湿地的变化特征及其成因。结果表明,研究区各类型湿地在气候变化、人类活动等因素的影响下发生了不同程度的变化,与1964年相比,2004年研究区人工湿地面积增加了16.923km2,这主要是修建龙山水库以及水田、养鱼池和孵化池面积大量增加所致;而自然湿地受到严重破坏,面积减少了17.33km2,河流和沼泽面积都减少了50%以上。研究区河流的斑块数急剧减少,沼泽湿地的斑块破碎化程度加剧,河流和沼泽湿地的斑块分维值明显下降,大面积沼泽被开发成水田,这两种湿地的空间自我相似性逐渐变差。研究区部分湖泊被开发利用,人为束水使得水面面积扩大,当地居民为了发展经济,在湖泊中从事鱼类养殖以及用湖泊水进行农业灌溉等活动,研究区人类活动干扰日趋严重。

基于Corona和Spot影像的近40年黑土典型区侵蚀沟动态变化

沟状侵蚀是我国东北黑土区一种比较常见的土壤侵蚀类型。当前国内外学者对侵蚀沟动态变化的研究多采用GPS或摄影测量的方法监测某些侵蚀沟的短期变化,由于缺少早期高分辨率的卫星影像,对于较大时空尺度上侵蚀沟分布格局变化的研究很少报道。本文选择克拜东部地区作为典型区,以1965年的美国高分辨率侦察卫星Corona影像和2005年的Spot-5卫星影像为主要数据源,结合野外实地调查,建立了黑土区侵蚀沟的遥感解译标志,阐述了不同类型侵蚀沟的遥感影像特征,通过对遥感影像的人机交互解译,获取了克拜东部地区1965年和2005年两个时期的侵蚀沟分布图,在此基础上,探讨了1965年以来克拜东部黑土区侵蚀沟分布的格局变化和区域差异。研究结果表明:近40年来克拜东部侵蚀沟密度高值区范围不断扩大,且呈集中连片分布趋势;沿通垦河分水岭两侧受地貌发育自然过程的影响,侵蚀沟密度变化存在明显的东西差异;土地利用方式的转变是促成侵蚀沟形成的重要因素,特别是林地向耕地和草地的转化过程中,侵蚀沟密度迅速增加。

Corona Mortis血管解剖学研究及其临床意义

目的:探讨闭孔血管和髂外血管在腹股沟区的分支,为减少髂腹股沟入路术中出血提供解剖学基础。方法:对25具新鲜中国成人尸体标本共50侧半骨盆进行解剖学研究,观测闭孔血管和髂外血管在腹股沟区的分支及其吻合支(CoronaMortis血管)的大小、出现率、吻合血管行径和吻合血管至耻骨联合的距离。结果:72%(36侧)耻骨上支表面至少存在1条血管吻合支,其中28%(14侧)存在2条或3条血管吻合支,24%(12侧)同时存在动脉吻合支和静脉吻合支。耻骨上支表面的血管吻合支平均直径2.6mm(2.0～4.2mm)。血管吻合支紧贴耻骨上支或髂耻隆起,几乎垂直地下行于髋臼窝壁或耻骨支后方,经闭膜管出盆腔,血管吻合支与耻骨联合的平均距离52mm(38～68mm)。在此区域手术以及髋臼或骨盆前环骨折极易损伤CoronaMortis血管。结论:闭孔血管和髂外血管的吻合支较粗,出现率高,位于耻骨上支表面。髂腹股沟手术入路应特别注意CoronaMortis血管的存在。

一些与圈图构成的Corona图的b-染色

图G的一个(k)b-染色是一个正常k染色,且满足在每一个色类中至少存在一个顶点,使得该顶点与其他每个色类中至少一个顶点是邻接的.图G的b-染色数用b(G)来表示,b(G)为最大的正整数k,且用k种颜色能够对G进行b-染色.对于任意的k:χ(G)≤k≤b(G),若用k种颜色能对图G进行b-染色,称图G是b-连续.通过设计具体b-染色方案,研究了Corona图CnoPm、CnoK1,m以及CnoWm+1的m-度与b-染色数,且证明这些图都是b-连续的.