Impacts of climate change and human activities on vegetation dynamics on the Mongolian Plateau, East Asia from 2000 to 2023

The Mongolian Plateau in East Asia is one of the largest contingent arid and semi-arid areas of the world.Under the impacts of climate change and human activities,desertification is becoming increasingly severe on the Mongolian Plateau.Understanding the vegetation dynamics in this region can better characterize its ecological changes.In this study,based on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)images,we calculated the kernel normalized difference vegetation index(kNDVI)on the Mongolian Plateau from 2000 to 2023,and analyzed the changes in kNDVI using the Theil-Sen median trend analysis and Mann-Kendall significance test.We further investigated the impact of climate change on kNDVI change using partial correlation analysis and composite correlation analysis,and quantified the effects of climate change and human activities on kNDVI change by residual analysis.The results showed that kNDVI on the Mongolian Plateau was increasing overall,and the vegetation recovery area in the southern region was significantly larger than that in the northern region.About 50.99%of the plateau showed dominant climate-driven effects of temperature,precipitation,and wind speed on kNDVI change.Residual analysis showed that climate change and human activities together contributed to 94.79%of the areas with vegetation improvement.Appropriate human activities promoted the recovery of local vegetation,and climate change inhibited vegetation growth in the northern part of the Mongolian Plateau.This study provides scientific data for understanding the regional ecological environment status and future changes and developing effective ecological protection measures on the Mongolian Plateau.

Between the Heaven and Human Beings: On the Idea of the Heaven and the Transformation of Poetry in the Mid-Tang Dynasty

The relationship between the Heaven and human beings is a central issue in the transformation of Confucianism in the Mid-Tang Dynasty.The discourses on the Heaven by Han Yu,Liu Zongyuan,and Liu Yuxi helped to promote the transformation and greatly influenced the transformation in literature.The differences in the poetry among the three authors may also be interpreted from the perspective of their perceptions of the Heaven—Han Yu’s discourse on the Heaven focused on the enemy-relationship between the Heaven and human beings,so his poems always showed tension and loss.Liu Zongyuan was interested in the alienation between the heaven and human beings,so his poems were more rational and placid than Han Yu’s.However,Liu Yuxi’s discourse on the Heaven paid attention to the positive influence of the Heaven on human beings,and most of his poems were filled with reason.The changes in the relationship between the Heaven and human beings lead to the broadened themes,innovated vocabulary,diversified styles,and varied fresh imageries.Likewise,the relationship between the Heaven and human beings established in the Song Dynasty led accordingly to a new type of literature different from the Tang literature.

Series of Interpretation on Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic: Two Correspondence between Human and the Heaven: Views from Huang Di Nei Jing (《黄帝内经》 Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic)

This paper introduces the relations between human and the nature in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).TCM is a science dedicated to studies on laws of human life activities.

Progress in the Research on the Relationship between Infection with Human Papillomavirus and Tumorigenesis

Human papillomavirus(HPV) is a DNA virus that infects the skin and mucous membranes of the human body. Approximately 80% of sexually active women are likely infected with HPV. Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors and is second in incidence only to breast cancer. Infection with high-risk HPV types is the main risk factor for cervical cancer, which is currently the only malignant tumor with a clearly defined etiology. HPV infection is also closely related to the incidence and development of other malignant tumors. In addition to cervical cancer, HPV can cause other urogenital tumors, as well as tumors in the digestive tract, lungs, eyes, skin, and other organ systems. This paper provides a review of the progress in HPV infection-related research and provides novel ideas for the study of tumor etiology and mechanisms.

A Comparison of the Views of Heavenly Principles and Human Desire and the Theory of Personality Structure

This paper makes a comparative study of the theory of heavenly principles and human desires in the Neo-Confucianism of the Song and Ming Dynasties and the theory of personality structure in psychoanalytic theory.From the perspective of the construction of the subject,in the debate between the heavenly principle and the human desire,the person is built into the moral subject.The id,ego,and super-ego in the psychoanalytic theory constitute the unconscious structural subject.In the framework of these two theories,the“maintain the heavenly principles and eradicate human desires”and“the heavenly principles exist in desire”in the theory of heavenly principles and human desires express the unity of opposites between heavenly principles and human desire.The core of personality structure theory is the relationship of obedience and control among the id,ego,and super-ego.As far as the value orientation is concerned,the debate between the heavenly principle and the human desire provides a theoretical basis for the moral practice of Confucianism of“aim at absolute perfection”,while the free will of the id in the unconscious subject is the most essential ethical aspect of psychoanalysis.

Lagged Coherence of Photon Emissions and Spectral Power Densities between the Cerebral Hemispheres of Human Subjects during Rest Conditions: Phase Shift and Quantum Possibilities

Photon counts about 15 cm from the left and right sides of the head while subjects sat quietly during baseline conditions within a hyper-dark chamber were measured by photomultiplier units. Lag/lead analyses for photon emissions between the two hemispheres indicated a weak but statistically significant correlation between the amplitude fluctuations that were separated by about 800 to 900 ms. Analyses of the spectral power densities of photon amplitude variations from the left and right hemispheres revealed peak values between 2 and 3 Hz which were equivalent to a difference of about 900 ms. The radiant flux densities were estimated to be in the order of 10?12 W?m?2 and to include the equivalence of about 107 neurons. Our calculations, which accounted for the small magnitude of the strength of the interhemispheric coefficients, suggest that the coherence could be strongly correlated with processes associated with the unmyelinated axons with diameters between 400 to 800 nm, the visible wavelengths, within the corpus callosum. When the ratio of the phase shift was applied to the Aharanov-Bohm equation, the time required for a photon-related electron to be within a cerebral magnetic field was the same duration as a single orbit of an electron and a photon’s traversal latency across a neuronal plasma membrane. We suggest that the peak photon decoherence between the two cerebral hemispheres may reveal a neuronal-quanta substrate to the conditions associated with consciousness.

Assessment of Dependent Performance Shaping Factors in SPAR-H Based on Pearson Correlation Coefficient

With the improvement of equipment reliability,human factors have become the most uncertain part in the system.The standardized Plant Analysis of Risk-Human Reliability Analysis(SPAR-H)method is a reliable method in the field of human reliability analysis(HRA)to evaluate human reliability and assess risk in large complex systems.However,the classical SPAR-H method does not consider the dependencies among performance shaping factors(PSFs),whichmay cause overestimation or underestimation of the risk of the actual situation.To address this issue,this paper proposes a new method to deal with the dependencies among PSFs in SPAR-H based on the Pearson correlation coefficient.First,the dependence between every two PSFs is measured by the Pearson correlation coefficient.Second,the weights of the PSFs are obtained by considering the total dependence degree.Finally,PSFs’multipliers are modified based on the weights of corresponding PSFs,and then used in the calculating of human error probability(HEP).A case study is used to illustrate the procedure and effectiveness of the proposed method.

A review on the coordinative structure of human walking and the application of principal component analysis

Walking is a complex task which includes hundreds of muscles, bones and joints working together to deliver smooth movements. With the complexity, walking has been widely investigated in order to identify the pattern of multi-segment movement and reveal the control mechanism. The degree of freedom and dimensional properties provide a view of the coordinative structure during walking, which has been extensively studied by using dimension reduction technique. In this paper, the studies related to the coordinative structure, dimensions detection and pattern reorganization during walking have been reviewed. Principal component analysis, as a popular technique, is widely used in the processing of human movement data. Both the principle and the outcomes of principal component analysis were introduced in this paper. This technique has been reported to successfully reduce the redundancy within the original data, identify the physical meaning represented by the extracted principal components and discriminate the different patterns. The coordinative structure during walking assessed by this technique could provide further information of the body control mechanism and correlate walking pattern with injury.

Use of a Neural Network to Measure the Impact of Social Distribution and Access to Infrastructure on the HDI of the Municipalities of Mexico

The Human Development Index (HDI) was created by the United Nations (UN) and is the basis for many other indicators, as well as being the origin of many public policies worldwide. It is a summary measure of life expectancy, education, and per capita income. These components, in addition to being global measures, show difficulty in being impacted and, with this, advancing in the level of human development. This work shows a model that relates variables of social distribution and access to infrastructure in Mexico, with the HDI. These variables were chosen through a statistical analysis based on a set of indicators measured by the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) periodically at the municipal level. The statistical analysis shows that there is no simple correlation between these variables and the HDI, so that a supervised learning model based on a neural network was used, therefore proposing a classification technique based on the distribution of data in the underlying metric space. In addition, an attempt was made to find the simplest possible model to reduce the computational cost and in turn obtain information on the variables with the greatest impact on the HDI, with the aim of facilitating the creation of public policies that impact it.

Application and comparison of coaxial correlation diagram and hydrological model for reconstructing flood series under human disturbance

Intense human activities have greatly changed the flood generation conditions in most areas of the world, and have destroyed the consistency in the annual flood peak and volume series. For design flood estimation, coaxial correlation diagram and conceptual hydrological model are two frequently used tools to adjust and reconstruct the flood series under human disturbance. This study took a typical mountain catchment of the Haihe River Basin as an example to investigate the effects of human activities on flood regime and to compare and assess the two adjustment methods. The main purpose is to construct a conceptual hydrological model which can incorporate the effects of human activities. The results show that the coaxial correlation diagram is simple and widely-used, but can only adjust the time series of total flood volumes. Therefore, it is only applicable under certain conditions(e.g. There is a strong link between the flood peaks and volumes and the link is not significantly affected by human activities). The conceptual model is a powerful tool to adjust the time series of both flood peak flows and flood volumes over different durations provided that it is closely related to the catchment hydrological characteristics, specifically accounting for the effects of human activities, and incorporating expert knowledge when estimating or calibrating parameters. It is suggested that the two methods should be used together to cross check each other.

Correlation analysis of human papillomavirus E6/E7 mRNA detection with diagnosis,prognosis and recurrence risk in patients with cervical epithelioma

BACKGROUND Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN)is an important precursor of cervical cancer.Early detection and treatment can reduce the incidence of cervical cancer.AIM To investigate the detection rate of human papillomavirus(HPV)E6/E7 mRNA in cervical tissue of patients with different types of epithelial cell neoplasia(CIN)and its relationship with CIN progression and diagnosis.METHODS One hundred women with HPV infection detected by cervical exfoliation cytology between January 2022 and January 2023 were retrospectively selected.These patients were graded CIN based on colposcopy and cervical pathology.The positive expression rates of HPV E6/E7 mRNA and HPV[polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-reverse dot crossing]were compared among all groups.Patients with HPV E6/E7 mRNA expression in the grade 1 CIN group were followed up for 1 yr.The relationship between atypical squamous epithelium and high malignant epithelial neoplasia was investigated by univariate and multivariate analysis.RESULTS The diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,and sensitivity of PCR-reverse point hybrid ization technology for secondary CIN were 70.41%,70.66%,and 0.714,respectively.Sensitivity and specificity for secondary CIN were 752%and 7853%,respectively,the area under the curve value was 0.789.Logistic Multifactorial model analysis revealed that the HPV positive rates and the HPV E6/E7 mRNA positive rates were independent risk factors of CIN grade I(P<0.05).In CIN grade I patients with positive for HPV E6/E7 mRNA,in its orientation to grade CIN patients,in its orientation to grade CIN patients,at 69.2%,compared with patients negative for HPV E6/E7 mRNA(30.8%),significant difference(P<0.05).CONCLUSION HPV E6/E7 mRNA and HPV(PCR-reverse dot hybrid)positive expression have a close relationship with CINgrade disease progression and is an independent risk factor for high-grade CIN lesions.

Correlation analysis and multiple regression formulas of refractive errors and ocular components

The multiple regression formulas and correlation of ocular components with refractive errors are presented by Gaussian optics. The refractive error changing rate for the cornea and lens power, the axial length, anterior chamber depth(ACD) and vitreous chamber depth(VCD) are calculated, including nonlinear terms for more accurate rate functions than the linear theory. Our theory, consistent with the empirical data, shows that the Pearson correlation coefficients for spherical equivalent(SE) and ocular components are highest for SE with axial length, ACD and VCD and weakest for corneal power, lens power and lens thickness. Moreover, our regression formulas show the asymmetric feature of the correlation that the axial length, ACD and VCD are more strongly correlated(with higher negative regression constants) with refractive errors in eyes with hyperopia than in eyes with myopia, particularly for severe hyperopia.

Fine Particulate Matter and Heavy Metals Pollution Status in Ambient Air of Some Selected Industrial Sites in Northern Nigeria

Fine particulate matter and eight heavy metals (Ni, Co, Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr, Mn, and Zn) concentrations were determined in air samples collected from three industrial sites in northern Nigeria using a Handheld Portable Particle Counter for PM2.5 and PM10 with model number CW-HAT 200 and a High Volume Respirable Dust Sampler (APM 460 NL) in conjunction with an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Serial No. AA0904M046) Flame Test. The results of the fine particulates ranged from 11.0 - 46.0 μg.m-3 for PM2.5 and 22.0 - 88 μg.m-3 for PM10 across all the industrial sites investigated. Most of these results exceeded the WHO permissible levels of 25.0 μg.m-3 and 50.0 μg.m-3 for PM2.5 and PM10 and thus pose threats to people living and working close to these sites. The concentration of the heavy metals studied were found to be within WHO/EU set standards except for the concentrations of Ni, Pb, and Cd that exceeded the set standard by WHO/EU with toxicity potential >1 in the Terytex industry, Kano and Grand Cereals, Jos. Strong positive correlations were found between the fine particulates concentrations and heavy metals in all the studied sites suggesting that common anthropogenic sources contributed to the fine particulates and heavy metals recorded from the industrial areas. We suggested the installation of electrostatic precipitators to combat fine particulates emission from the stack and also recommended a proper legislative framework by the government to regulate and control industrial fugitive emissions to protect human health.

Correlation of Commonly Used Anthropometric Parameters with FPG,FPG-CV and HbA1C

Objective:To investigate the relationship between body mass index(BMI),waist circumference(WC),hip circumference(HC),waist-hip ratio(WHR),waist height ratio(WHtR),fasting blood glucose(FPG),fasting blood glucose variation(FPG-CV)and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1C)to provide a reference for predicting the risk and development trend of diabetes mellitus.Methods:From October 2016 to December 2017,111 subjects from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected to measure their height and weight.BMI,WHR and WHtR were calculated and the concentrations of FPG and HbA1C were detected.Statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS21.0 software,and the data were processed by multiple linear regression analysis.Results:The concentration dependence of WHtR,FPG,FPG-CV and HbA1C were more closely related.There was a significant difference between WHtR and FPG,FPG-CV and HbA1C by multiple linear regression analysis(t=8.531,6.910 and 6.905,respectively,P<0.01),and the correlation coefficient was 0.633,0.552 and 0.552 respectively(P<0.01).Conclusion:There is a significant correlation between WHtR and FPG,FPG-CV and HbA1C.Therefore,measuring the height and waist circumference for the predictive potential of diabetes needs to be emphasized and intensified.

RELATIONSHIP ETWEEN A GROUP OF ACUPOINTS RECEPTIVE UNITS AND THEIR PERIPHERAL ANATOMY

Using Psychopysical method 126 receptive units in 36 acupoints at human limbs wereclassified.It was shown that the groups of the receptive units were related closely to their peripheralanatomical structures.

“天命之性”的现代解读——兼及戴震对朱子的辩驳

天命之性是程朱理学核心概念之一。意思是,人的存在即性,与生俱来。性有二重,一曰气质之性,一曰天命之性,天命之性即理。按现代观念,人的社会存在是其一切社会关系之总和。每个人一出生即落入某些社会关系之中。说社会存在与生俱来,或许成立。但是,朱子所说的天命之性,指的是天理(仁义礼智),落在人身,实为文化存在。此学说的涵义是:人生来就是高贵的,具备尊严。这为现代人人平等的观念奠定了基础。但仁义礼智是否与生俱来,却是个要研讨的问题。本文的解决思路是:将“天命之性”之“天”解读为意义世界,即属于第三世界;而将“天命”解读为来源于意义世界,因其并非与生俱来,而是在成长过程中得其教化。于是,工夫论要作调整,由朱子的复性论改变为充实完满论。自我,即本己存在。自我建构不仅有文化存在维度,还有社会存在维度。社会存在维度可以设计;文化存在维度目的唯一,即朱子所论。戴震深刻剖析了朱子的天命之性,恢复天命之性乃是气禀(血气心知)的古代学说,否定性即理,解构理义、气质二本,破性本善,开启了现代解读之路。

论儒家教化思想的人性论根基

儒家教化思想的框架可概括为“本性立教”,即强调将教化理论建立在人性的基础上,施教者根据人人固有的天命之性,确立与开展教化工作。人性在儒家教化思想中,至少有三个层面的意义:其一,人性蕴含着来自天命的人生目的,即为了成就孝悌美德;其二,人性在经验层面的形态会随着教化的推进,日渐彰显与实现;其三,人性在任何时刻都具有一个朝向至善目的的趋势,因而教化的实质是因性利导。由于儒家并不是将父子之道建立在私情或血缘的基础上,而是视为具有超越与普遍意义的人性,所以儒家教化能够以父子之道作为基础,将孝德推向他人乃至天下万物。其原理是父子之道与天人之道相结合,一切伦理关系都需要置于天人关系的视野下才能得到理解。总之,人性是教化的根基,教化是人性的实现,二者之间相互成就。

Visible Human图象数据集的自动匹配方法

VisibleHuman计划是由美国国家医学图书馆发起建立的真实三维人体的CT、MRI和解剖切面的数字化图象库。VisibleHuman数据集已经成为构造电子医学图象库和虚拟解剖环境的理想基础。本文首先对CT图象进行灰度校正 ,并用基于像素相似性的方法实现了CT图象和MRI图象间的自动匹配。具有自适应空间搜索的遗传算法被用于实现全局性的优化过程。