The Corruption and Collapse of the Old Southern Traditional Values in The Sound and the Fury

The Sound and the Fury is the novel which Faulkner spent the most effort and is the writer's favourite book. The title of this book is taken from Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth, implying the multiple themes of the novel. One theme is to discuss the corruption and collapse of the old southern traditional values through the description of the Compson family's corruption and the decline of southern plantation economy. In the novel, Faulkner seeks the way out for American south during the transformation period though the figures he created, but no one is successful in getting out of the bad influence of the Old South.

Handling Corruption in International Commercial Arbitration

Corruption is defined as abuse of entrusted power for private gain.~①Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index 2014 shows that among 175 countries/territories in the world,"not one single country gets a perfect score and more than two-thirds score below50,on a scale from 0(highly corrupt)to 100(very clean)".~②The sectors most seriously affected by corruption include public procurement,construction and estate,energy,pharmaceutical and health care,transportation,etc.

System Factors for Land Corruption in China

In China,institutional factors for the land corruption include:(i)implementation of land policy lacking proper security mechanism;(ii)weak supervision system;(iii)vacancy in supervision due to dual land management system;(iv)corruption of land finance resulted from system of tax allocation;(v)imperfect land management system;(vi)poor coordination between central and local government in land policy;(vii)unreasonable land allocation system;(viii)vacancy in unified procedure and standard of land transfer.In view of these factors,this paper came up with pertinent countermeasures:(i)improving land operation mechanism and establishing sunshine land market;(ii)improving corresponding supervision mechanism and verification system;(iii)taking advantage of the audit system.

Causes of Corruption in China's Rural Areas in the New Period and Countermeasures

In the new period,corruption in China's rural areas is becoming increasingly prominent. There is frequent occurrence of violation of laws and disciplines,such as the use of power for personal gain,and corruption and bribery. Main causes for the corruption in China's rural areas include imperfect rural supervision mechanism,imperfect financial system,and low crime cost. How to deal with the increasingly serious corruption situation is a topic faced at present and in the future. It is required to continue to reinforce the democratic supervision and education of village cadres,improve the comprehensive quality of villagers,and increase the crackdown and punishment of corrupt practices,so as to guarantee healthy operation of rural authorities.

Problems and Causes of Land Corruption in China

In recent years,the land corruption in China is very serious. The amount of corruption cases is high,the links involved are various,harbor cases and fraud cases are many,the corruption subjects are mainly concentrated in government officials with high administrative level.The causes for land corruption include objective corruption opportunities and subjective corruption motivations. Only when information on land transfer is made public and accepted by the public,can it play a role in preventing land corruption.

Analysis on Causes of "Micro-corruption" of Rural Cadres in China and Recommendations

This paper mainly introduced major manifestations of corruption of rural cadres in China,and analyzed causes of " micro-corruption" in rural areas. On the basis of analysis,it came up with pertinent recommendations for regulating " micro-corruption" of rural cadres,including improving the overall quality of village cadres,improving treatment of rural grass-roots cadres,improving grass-roots supervision system,activating the functions of rural discipline inspection commissioners,and reinforcing the punishment of " micro-corruption".

Corruption of Village Cadres and Construction of Clean Government in Rural Land Management in China

This paper analyzed the types and causes of corruption of village cadres in rural land management in China. On the basis of current corruption situation,it came up with recommendations including improving the financial system at the village level,establishing land information network,and reforming functions of village committees in the land management,in order to prevent corruption of village cadres in the land management and establish and improve the clean government mechanism for village cadres.

The Causality and Relation of Corruption With Basic Macro-economic Tables （Charts）

Corruption which means the use of public power for private interests is one of the most important problems either in less developed and developing countries or developed countries. Especially in less developed and developing countries, corruption is a serious obstacle in front of economic development. Corruption is raised from deficiency in democracy, deficient judgement, unfair elections and dependent media sector includes bribery, embezzlement, forgery, fraud, favouritism, nepotism and illegal beneficial use of public authority. The aim of the paper is to determine the causal relationship between corruption and basic macro-economic indicators. For this purpose, in this study, the basic mic indications such as import, export, budget deficit, manufacturer price index are taken into account as variables to examine their relation with corruption. By getting use of the data obtained from CPI index, the relation between the variables is examined using the T-Test. Furthermore, to determine the causality among all the variables, correllation analysis is applied to present causal relations between the corruption and macro-economic variables. The findings concluded that there is a significant correlation among corruption, manufacturer price index and export-import. However, there is no significant correlation with budget deficit.

Law, the Nigerian Economy and Corruption

Corruption has had severe negative consequences on the economic growth and development of nations all over the world especially on developing countries. It has various implications for both the developed and developing economies. Corruption hampers development and thus raises the level of poverty in any economy that finds itself entrenched in corrupt practices. Corruption creates uncertainty and risk in the growth and development potential of any country. This paper presents a review of corruption as it relates to the economic development of Nigeria. By using a theoretical method of analysis, the study reveals that corruption is Nigeria＇s biggest challenge. It is clear to every citizen that the level of corruption in the country is high because it is found in every sector of the society. In public or private sector, corrupt practices are easily observable. Corruption has been a deterrent to economic development in Nigeria. The findings show that corruption has a significant negative effect on economic growth and development. The paper examines historical connection between the law and the economy and discusses the theoretical and conceptual issues in corruption and economic development and the role of lawyers in the economy. The paper also seeks to provoke debate on the role of law in the anti-corruption crusade, strengthening the rule of law and promoting economic development. It also identifies and discusses the impact and effects of corruption on economic development in Nigeria, while proffering policy recommendations that should underpin the road to Nigeria becoming the ＂next surprise＂, on indices such as transparency, accountability, and the application of the rule of law, in dealing with corruption leading to improved consumer price index （CPI） ranking, induce investment, and foster economic growth and development.

Tasawwuf and Its Role in Minimizing Corruption and Insurgency Among Muslims in Northern Nigeria

Tasawwuf which refers to as zuhd during the time of the prophet is being distorted with new concept contrary to the teachings of the prophet and his companions. As a result, it is misunderstood by some Muslims and few bothers to look into its reality. The current practiced of tasawwuf to some extend contradictory to the zuhd displayed during the time of the prophet and his companions. The adulteration in it has made many Muslims not to pay attention： less learning or benefitting from its fruits. The current corrupt situation among Muslims in Northern Nigeria can be attributed to absence of zuhd. The fact that corrupt mind can lead to many problems, generated into insurgency： causing a lot of damages and loss of life and property. Therefore, the implementation of zuhd according to the teachings and practice of the prophet, his companions, and early Sunni scholars can be of assistance in reducing the level of corruption among Muslims in Northern Nigeria, This can be achieved through proper Islamic education mainly for the attainment of Allah＇s pleasure. By this, a Muslim seeks for the worldly gains as a means to an end, and deceased from following his whims and caprices.

The Scope and Type of Political Corruption in Mongolia(Analysis of Expert Evaluation)

Democratic culture is a matter of establishing rule of law and protecting human rights,as well as good governance,effective administration of state resources,proper use of power,and conflict of interest.Therefore,democracy is not only a manifestation of the globalization process,but also the pursuit of perfect democratic mechanisms and mechanisms in many democracies and the opportunity to fully monitor the integrity of governmental institutions and to strengthen their governance power.We aim to base this research paper on facts and the following aspects.It clarifies that the following approaches to:(i)the degree of corruption in the political sphere;(ii)the nature of political corruption,its status,and prospects,as well as the changes that have occurred in it,based on the analysis of the results of long-term research of expert opinions.The article based on the comparative analysis with experts and other research sources.It is series of article which is verifying the conditions and state of corruption types,spheres,relationship between political bodies and business groups and reasons and conditionality.The first chapter of the series of article attempted to underline the corruption sphere and corruption of types.The second chapter commenced the relationship with socio-political and politic-business groups and reasons for the conditionality of the corruption in Mongolia.

Control of Corruption,Trust in Government,and Voluntary TaxCompliance in South-West,Nigeria

Tax payers’level of compliance behaviour is a major concern to government and tax authorities.Constant losses of tax revenue through bribery,corruption,and abuse of power for personal advantage are perceived to have adversely affected nation’s economic growth and infrastructural development.Many researches have been conducted on taxpayers’compliance,but not many considered the effect of Control of Corruption(COC)in their study.This study looked at the probable influence of COC on individual taxpayers’voluntary tax compliance behaviour in South-West,Nigeria.Survey research design was adopted for the study.Population for the study was 5,216,422 individual taxpayers in three selected states.A validated questionnaire was used to collect data from respondents by means of Stratified and random sampling techniques with a sample size of 1,200 and this gives a response rate of 87.6%.The reliability test using Cronbach’s alpha coefficients ranged from 0.79 to 0.86.The study adopts descriptive and inferential statistics to analyze the data at 0.05 level of significance.The study shows that COC positively influenced voluntary tax compliance among individual taxpayers in the study states(Adj.R2=0.063,F(6,1050)=12.68,p=0.000).There was evidence that trust in government,COC,and employment status have significant relationship with voluntary tax compliance behaviour in the study states(β=0.139,t(1044)=6.125,p=0.000,β=0.154,t(1044)=5.025,p=0.000,β=-0.237,t(1044)=-3.562,p=0.00)while gender,age,and educational level do not have significant relationship with voluntary tax compliance(β=0.036,t(1044)=0.664,p=0.664,β=-0.002,t(1044)=-0.080,p=0.936,β=0.035,t(1044)=1.081,p=0.280),respectively.The study concluded that control of corruption influenced individual voluntary tax compliance.Government should put better stiff strategies in controlling corruption on tax matters,overhaul the internal control mechanism,establish state anti-graft agencies,and put stiff punishment for any fraudulent activity on tax revenue generation while zero tolerance to corruption should be seen and practice.

The Hypocrisy and Corruption Underlying Wealth and Superficial Splendor—the theme of "The Great Gatsby

"The Great Gatsby"is a brilliant short novel written by Fitzgerald. Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald was born in St. Paul,MInnesota on September24,1896. He was the only son of an upper middle class Catholic family. While he was at Princeton university,the young Fitzgerald developed his talent in writing. When the First World War broke out,he enlisted in the army,and in a training camp in Alabama,he met and fell in love with Zelda sayre,the southern belle who became his wife and who was the model for most of the beautiful and gay heroines of his fiction. His life with her was a mixture of great happiness and great misery and pain. In 1925,Fitzgerald published his most famous novel "The Great Gatsby". Before long,his wife became mentally ill. Fitzgerald declined as a writer. He worked regularly as a script-writer in Hollywood from 1937 to 1939,when he succumbed to alcoholism. He died of heart attack in 1940. His wife,Zelda,was sent to a sanitarium and died in a fire started by herself in the sanitarium。

Interrelations With Forms of Corruption in the Political Sphere and Its Causal Conditions in Mongolia (the Final Part)

Corruption,which is a serious problem for us today,covers a wide range of social and political phenomena and processes,from the normal functioning of ordinary citizens to the forms and structures of political governance.In particular,the personality is determined by the way of life,the environment,and the needs of the family and social group,and then a political ideology is formed based on the multifaceted interests of social groups,which are expressed in complex social,economic,and political forms.Indicators of the extent to which social well-being is achieved in developing democracies raise questions about whether citizens are united in their views and actions,as well as how they participate and are interested in social and political activities.On the other hand,this is reflected in the differences in views and the level of trust in the government and other social institutions,and as an important tool for determining the development of the country.It is necessary to determine the level of social and political participation.This is the root cause of the problem.Because every democracy is very different,to understand how they affect human development,and to be a social person,people need to be able to provide a little economic security and an understanding of the issues at stake.This is the basis for building a transparent society based on the principles of zero tolerance for corruption,justice,equal participation,and equality.That is why in this subsection we explore the relationships between political parties,groups,political,business,and criminal groups in the form of political corruption,as well as the causes of political corruption in the political sphere.

Analysis of T.S Eliot's The Waste Land

This essay put emphasis on the analysis T.S. Eliot's The Waste Land, pointing the masterpiece can be interpreted by three- levels, the person, the society and human race. Eliot also indicated two kinds of people, the one is just secularized, and the other one is lack of faith in The Waste Land. We can analyze the feeling of protagonist is afraid to live new life, but afraid of death, the important theme is corruption of sex.

Corruption Typology： A Review of Literature

Corruption is increasingly becoming a global phenomenon virtually affecting every part of the world. The effects have been very devastating particularly in the developing nations, by which to a large extent public service functions thrive in an environment heavily characterized by corruption. This paper reviews the relevant and related literature on corruption and then proposes a classification of the type of corruption based on the review.

Understanding the Interrelationship Between Global Terrorist Attacks and the Citizen＇s Wellbeing.＂ The Complexity of Terrorism

Terrorism is a global phenomenon that over the last 44 years more than 140,000 terrorist events have been carried out. In the period from 1970-2001, the five countries with the largest number of terrorist attacks were Colombia, Peru, El Salvador, United Kingdom, and India. On the other hand, in the post-2001 context, the five countries with the largest number of terrorist attacks were Iraq, Pakistan, Afghanistan, India, and Thailand. One method for measuring in an aggregate way, how many people have suffered under terrorist attacks at national level is to analyze the correlation between some national wellbeing indicators and the number of terrorist attacks. The aim of this study is to analyze empirically the correlation between the global terrorist attacks and the countries wellbeing indicators. Five indicators show a strong relationship with the number of terrorist attacks in the case of the four most attacked countries in the post-2001 context. The authors consider that their findings can support the design of new strategies for preventing terrorist activities taking into account certain socio-economic and political drivers. The authors conclude that as such drivers are socio-complex, so it is necessary to adopt the complex adaptive system （CAS） approach to provide a new way of thinking about terrorism.

On the Construction of Deepening Anti - corruption Mechanism

It needs the foundation of system and the guarantee of organizational system for anti-corruption,but it is more necessary to build and form an effective anti-corruption mechanism,so that the anti-corruption can be really put into practice. Anti-corruption mechanism refers to a organic operation system of the interaction,interconnection and constraint between the constituent elements( parts) and elements of national anti-corruption,and as a system,anti-corruption mechanism should have the characteristics of system aticness,comprehensiveness,transparency,legalization,public participation,scientific dynam ic,and internationalism. The construction of deepening anti-corruption mechanism is the need for reconstructing the ruling legitimacy of the party and the governm ent. Adhering to the principle of treating both root causes and symptoms is necessary in the construction of anti-corruption m echanism,com bating and punishing corruption is an important part of anti-corruption,and the prevention and control of corruption is the basic project of anti-corruption. Therefore,the construction of prevention and control mechanism in the anti-corruption mechanism has a more far-reaching significance.

Analytical Methods in the Quality Control of Scientific Publications Part V: The Fraud of Pseudoscientists Based on False Measurements and Method Development

Despite the obvious frauds published in [1] [2] and the involvement of Editors and Editors in Chief of the journals in the publication of these fraudulent papers, the Editors in Chief of publishers have not taken any action to retract the fraudulent papers or to dismiss the corrupt editors. By this passivity, these Editors in Chief are supporting plagiarism, dissemination of fraudulent data, lies and making published information unreliable. In the present paper, we evaluate examples of bold, fraudulent publications and give the names of some Editors directly participating in concealing fraudulent publications, together with the names of Editors in Chief who also concealed and covered the facts of fraud and were reluctant to remove the fraudulent papers from circulation or to remove cheaters from editorial positions. The truth is universal and international;in contrast, the lie is individual and partisan, social, political, confessional, cultural and dirty. Knowledge is a truth that is part of the Universe. Lies are a tool of manipulation and can exist only in distinct environments that produce and support them. In this paper, we will show how artificial prefabricated analytical procedures were used to disseminate false data with the aim of substituting the truth with fraud.