By Deepening Regional Cooperation,the CCPIT Serve as a Bridge for Foreign Investment

On June 28,t he China Council for the Promotion of International Trade(CCPIT)held its regular monthly press conference in Beijing.Spokesperson Zhao Ping introduced China’s latest progress and policy trends in terms of attracting foreign investment,regional cooperation and supporting Chinese brands at the meeting.

Investment Promotion for Development Zones in China:Underlying Rationale and Policy Options

Development zones(DZs)have emerged as a significant policy initiative for promoting regional coordination and facilitating resources allocation.They serve as an organizational framework for fostering industrial agglomeration and driving high-quality development.DZs attract and accommodate resource factors,firms,and projects,thereby functioning as a central catalyst for economic growth.This study utilizes data collected at the“DZ,City and Countrycountry”levels through manual compilation,textual analysis,and innovation measurement.It aims to empirically examine the theoretical rationale and practical preferences for promoting business and investment in China’s DZs.This study considers several factors such as industry attribute,firm attribute,agglomeration theory,and industrial chain layout.Based on our research findings,DZs exhibit distinct preferences.First,industry attribute:DZs align with both national and regional strategic planning and adhere to the industrial endowments of the respective areas.Second,firm attribute:DZs prioritize attracting firms that are productive and innovative,and have an international presence,rather than those that primarily contribute to taxes and job creation.Third,DZs are guided by the agglomeration theory,which suggests that they prefer firms that generate strong agglomeration externalities.Lastly,DZs also consider the industrial chain layout,aiming to attract firms that not only align with their existing industrial strengths but also extend to the upstream and downstream supply chain links.These conclusions are substantiated by the performance of robustness test.The success of DZs in China can be attributed to the five key principles:Adherence to national and regional strategic planning,prioritizing the actual industrial foundation,incorporating the theory of agglomeration externalities,strengthening corporate competitiveness,and expanding industrial chains.

Research on the Well-off Family Education Investment under the Policy of Double Reduction

Chinese education is like a large competitive game in the past time,with a lot of over-step learning and pre-emptive education increasing the extra—curricular pressure on primary and secondary school students day by day.In 2021,the national"double reduction"policy was implemented,and in 2022,the"Family Education Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China"was introduced.With the combined effect of"one government,one law",the status and role of family education have become more prominent,so it is of great practical significance to understand the education investment behavior of Chinese families.Therefore,this study is a case study of three students and their families from different schools in Weifang,Shandong Province in China.Through semi-structured interviews,this paper discusses the educational investment of well-off families after the implementation of the double reduction policy.The results show that art-related learning content dominates the education expenditure of well-off families after the implementation of the double-reducing policy,while cultural tutoring decreases.Becasue of(a)parents mainly want to cultivate their children's interests and hobbies or provide guidance for weak subjects;(b)the lack of understanding of the double reduction policy,leading to parents and students blindly follow the trend,increasing the pressure of students and parents'anxiety.This study focuses on the feelings of students and parents after the implementation of the double reduction policy,and attaches importance to the problems arising after the implementation of the policy.The findings are helpful to provide reference for future research on the educational investment of wealthy families after the implementation of the double reduction policy.

Investment Environment Assessment and Strategic Policy for Subjects of Federation in Russia

Russia is the largest neighboring country of China. Between the two countries, the resources and industry are complemented, the political mutual trust is at a high level, and trade cooperation has a broad prospect. Choosing the best regions and the best industries to strengthen investment in Russia has a major strategic significance in promoting ‘the Belt and Road Initiative’ and China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor Construction. However, the related researches are extremely limited. The investment environment is unclear, and the investment risk is unknown, which seriously restrict the investment in Russia and the trade cooperation with Russia. Our research team carried out scientific expedition, government visits and scientific research cooperation in Russia for several years, and obtained a great number of first-hand valuable data. According to the analysis on the data and Russian regional policies, this study constructed an investment environment evaluation model(ESI-PRA model), scientific assessed the investment environment for 83 subjects of federation in Russia, in terms of economic, social, infrastructure, policy, resource and accessibility, classified 4 types of investment regions, chose 3 investment priority regions, revealed the investment priority industries, demonstrated the main investment risks, and proposed the strategic policies. The research results provide direct scientific and technological support for strategic decisions, such as investment in Russia, bilateral economic and trade cooperation, and overseas layout of Chinese-funded enterprises. Moreover, it has an important practical and strategic significance for improving overseas geo-strategic interests of China and ensuring the construction of China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor.

The Effect of Foreign Direct Investment on Air Pollution in the Economic Community of West African States region: What Influence Does Tax Expenditure Have?

Air pollution is one of the crucial environmental challenges facing the countries of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). The objective of this paper is to examine the effect of an attractive tax policy on the relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and air pollution in ECOWAS region over the period 2000 to 2019. By using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method and panel data analyses (fixed effects and random effects), the results show that, in general, FDI does not have a significant effect on air pollution in the region. However, closer analysis reveals that an interaction between FDI and an attractive tax policy has a negative effect on air quality, leading to an increase in air pollution. Thus, companies attracted by tax incentives may not meet rigorous environmental standards. These results highlight the importance for policymakers to balance economic incentives with environmental protection in ECOWAS. Attractive tax policies can stimulate investment, but they must be designed in a way that encourages environmentally friendly practices, thereby helping to improve air quality in the region.

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON INDUSTRIAL POLICIES FOR FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN GUANGDONG PROVINCE

Industrial policies for foreign investment in GuangdongProvince are studied. The main points are as follows: 1) The formulation,characteristics and background of industrial policies for foreign investmentin Guangdong Province, 2) The practical effects of industrial policies forforeign investment in Guangdong Province, 3) Suggestions relating toestablishing the important status for the policies for foraign investment,improving and perfecting these policies, and facilitating the enforcementof these policies.

Effects of the Trade and Financial Governmental Policies on the Total Investment in Syria （1980-2010）

This paper attempts to investigate the effects of several financial and trade policies on the total investment in Syria, over the period 1980-2010 （before the current war）. The study employs Johansen co-integration test to check the presence of long-term relationship between explanatory and dependent variables. In addition, Vector Error Correction Model （VECM） further studies the causal relationship from dependent variable to independent variables. The Johansen co-integration test indicates a significant long-term relationship among the variables. Moreover, the Vector Error Correction Model also suggests the long run causality from the imports, exports, capital public expenditures, and subsidies to total investment. The study’s result indicates that the imports and the capital public expenditures played a significant role in supporting the total investment in the country before the war, while there was a negative role of exports in the total investment, and there was no impact of subsidies on the total investment. Before the war, foreign investment in Syria was over dominated by European Union. The paper proposes to diversify the target of investment flow to Syria, especially from China and the other BRICS countries that can take advantages from Syria and can support Syria economy after the war by the strategy of “One Road One Belt”. Theseresults may assist Syrian policy makers, after the war, to develop an economic plan that takes into account the effects of these policies to improve the total investment which will help Syria in rebuilding the economy.

Preferential Investment Policies

1.Income tax is reduced at the rate of15 percent for foreign-invested enterprises.Income tax is exempt for two years startingfrom the first profitable year and halvedfrom the third to fifth year for those enter-prises with an actual business period of morethan 10 years. 2.Foreign-funded new and hi-techenterprises may enjoy another three years ofhalved income tax after the stipulated expi-ration of income tax exemption if the enter-prises are verified to be still new and hi-techones. 3.Foreign-funded export-orientedenterprises may enjoy a reduced rate of

Scaling up private investment in low-carbon energy systems through regional cooperation: Effective trade policy measures

How to ensure energy supply and reduce environment pollution have turned into governments’ top priorities and key factors to maintain sustainable development. In this context, two major trade and investment agreements that could lead to profound influence on low-carbon energy systems development around the Asia-Pacific region are the Regional comprehensive economic partnership (RCEP) consisted of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) plus Australia, China, India, Japan, New Zealand, and Republic of Korea and the Belt and road initiative (BRI) initiated by China. In order to have a smooth transition to low-carbon energy systems in Asia, besides RCEP and BRI, it is imperative to boost private sector investment. Success of encouraging private sector investment depends on appropriate government policies towards promoting innovations and reducing financial risks to private investors. The research questions that are examined in this study are: What type of policy measures affects trade in low-carbon transition, particularly renewable energy (RE) transition? How can investment signals and incentives be reframed to scale up private finance in RE? The objective is to investigate and to provide several feasible trade policy and investment policy tools for both national and regional markets that governments could adopt to accelerate the speed of private financing of the low-carbon energy industry, particularly the RE industry.

Multilateral Investment Agreement Negotiations and China's Policies

Of late,Chins’s joining in the WTO has again claimed the focus of attention at home and abroad.What is most talked about at home is

New Aspects in Foreign Investment Policy

In the wake of the further expansion of China’s opening to the outside world in recent years, quite a few aspects have been supplemented to the policies of absorbing direct foreign investments.

How China＇s Fiscal Policy Contributes to Investment and Economic Growth： Experience and Lessons

This paper （1） discusses how the two indicators used in official statistics of China, namely total investment in fixed assets and the gross fixed capital formation, reflect changes infixed asset investment and their relationship, （2） analyzes the growth of fixed asset investment and its contribution to changes of economic growth rate since the reform and opening-up, and （3） explains how fiscal policy impacts the growth of fixed asset investment and analyzes in detail the impacts of the two rounds of contractionary fiscal policy, two rounds of expansionary fiscal policy and one round of neutral fiscal policy on China＇ s fixed asset investment growth since reform and opening-up using full and accurate data. Practice shows that the impact of fiscal policy on China＇ s fixed asset investment is direct and obvious, yet sometimes too drastic. In the future, fiscal policy should be used in alignment with other economic policies with appropriate intensity and timing so that it will help stabilize the growth of fixed asset investment.

Preferential Policy Toward Investment And Recruitment

Major preferential policy toward enterprises with foreign investment and high and new technological enterprises: —A preferential 15 percent income tax reduction will be levied on foreign investment and high-tech and new technological enterprises in industrial parks. Those in operation for more than 10 years will be exempt from income

基于InVEST模型的商洛市生态系统服务时空变化研究

商洛市全境位于秦岭自然保护区范围内,对该区域展开生态系统服务研究,有助于保护该区域生物多样性,可为制定生态保护措施、构建生态补偿机制提供依据。该文以南水北调工程重要水源地商洛市作为研究对象,应用ArcGIS10.8软件平台以及In VEST模型对商洛市生态服务进行研究,进一步探讨研究区生态服务功能的空间分布特征并提出针对性政策建议。

PREFERENTIAL POLICIES OF TIELING TO ENCOURAGE FOREIGN INVESTMENT

Referring to related national andLiaoning provincial policies,theTieling Municipal Governmenthas put forward preferential policiesin the following areas to encouragethe development of foreign-fundedenterprises. 1. Productive enterprises wholly-orpartly-funded by foreign

Preferential Policies of Qinghai for More Foreign Investment

For the sake of attracting more foreign investment, the Qinghai Government issued the Preferential Methods for More Foreign Investment in Qinghai in 1992, which was amended on March 1, 1995. The main contents are as follows: ——Foreign-funded enterprises will enjoy superiority in the arrangement of supplies of water, electricity, gas, raw materials, materials, land, basic construction, transport, telecommunications, loans and labour.

Henan Province's Preferential Policies for Foreign Investment

1.Management of Foreign-invested Enterprises The Henan Provincial Government protects the autonomy of production and management of foreign-invested enterprises, and supports their management according to international advanced scientific methods.

Policy on Taxation for Foreign Investment in BOT Projects

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Economic policy uncertainty and firms’investments in venture capital funds:Evidence from China

The latest business practice in the Chinese venture capital(VC)market involves the active participation of non-financial firms,as limited partners,in VC funds.Exploiting a unique hand-collected dataset from China,we find that economic policy uncertainty is positively related to the propensity of firms to participate in VC funds.Cross-sectional tests show that the positive effect of policy uncertainty on the likelihood of participating in VC funds is enhanced by industrial growth opportunities.Furthermore,economic consequence tests show that participating in VC funds is conducive to improving investment efficiency,increasing innovation performance and promoting product diversification.This study advances our understanding of firms’investment decisions and the VC industry development amid economic policy uncertainty.