Natural resource dependence, public education investment,and human capital accumulation

This paper examines the relationships between natural resource dependence, public education investment, and human capital accumulation. It addresses why the “blessing” of abundant natural resources often turns into a “curse” in many countries and regions, focusing on the crowding-out effect of natural resources on human capital. According to our empirical analysis of provincial panel data from China, natural resource dependence is significantly and negatively correlated with human capital accumulation. The crowding-out effect of natural resources on human capital exists only in the central and western regions of China. Our introduction of an interaction term for natural resource dependence and public education investment underscores the possibility of investing in public education to reduce the crowding-out effect of natural resource dependence on human capital. The government should utilize the income of the natural resource sector to increase investment in education to enhance local human capital.

Children Education Investment of Rural Families in Hechuan District of Chongqing Municipality

Taking 20 relative poor families in Hechuan District of Chongqing Municipality as survey samples,taking 275 households of rural families selected by stratified sampling method as research objects,and taking family education investment behavior of this rural area as research content,this paper studied current situations of rural family education investment behavior in Hechuan District,difference in investment behavior and related influence factors. It is intended to provide references for family education investment of rural areas in Hechuan District and even Chongqing Municipality,and promote development of rural education undertaking in China.

Investment risk of rural family education: From the persepective of educational cost and income

With the implementation of the policy of popularization of education, rural families make the choice of interests and behavior decisions through the calculation of their own benefits and costs, and gradually become the main body of rural education investment decisions. The relationship between educational cost and income plays a major role in the rural family education investment. Based on the current situation of rural education in our country, this paper focuses on the risk of rural education investment and rural education costs and benefits, and then puts forward scientific, operational measures and suggestions.

The Effect of Expected Lifetime Income on Students' Human Capital Investment Decision-making after Nine-year Compulsory Education

Using data from duo-teacher program, I use the mixed logit model and nested logit model to estimate the effect of expected lifetime income on students' human capital investment decision-making after nine-year compulsory education. The result of the mixed logit model shows that one percentage point increase of expected lifetime income will increase students' 3.98 percentage points' probability of choosing corresponding choice, while the nested logit model shows the marginal effect of 4.38. Fathers' educaiton, family income and students' academic performance have significantly positive effect of students' choice probalitiy of going to normal high school and accepting secondary vocational education, which is consistent with the previous literature.

Education Investment Fixed Asset Investment and Regional Economic Development Differences--Empirical analysis based on Chinese

In this article,it discusses the di£ferences in economic development between urban and rural areas and regions in our country from the perspective of education investment and fixed asset investment.Based on the provincial data of 31 provinces from 1999 to 2017 released by National Bureau of Statistics,it expends the Cobb-Douglas model and Lucas model,and analyses the data with multiple linear regression models.From the study,it finds that compared with investment in fixed assets,investment in education has a larger role in promoting economic development,which is more obvious in the underdeveloped central and western regions and rural areas.However,at the same time it needs to note that the positive effects of education investment will be restricted by the economic structure and policy environment,and education expenditure policies should also be implemented in accordance with time and local conditions.

Research on the Well-off Family Education Investment under the Policy of Double Reduction

Chinese education is like a large competitive game in the past time,with a lot of over-step learning and pre-emptive education increasing the extra—curricular pressure on primary and secondary school students day by day.In 2021,the national"double reduction"policy was implemented,and in 2022,the"Family Education Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China"was introduced.With the combined effect of"one government,one law",the status and role of family education have become more prominent,so it is of great practical significance to understand the education investment behavior of Chinese families.Therefore,this study is a case study of three students and their families from different schools in Weifang,Shandong Province in China.Through semi-structured interviews,this paper discusses the educational investment of well-off families after the implementation of the double reduction policy.The results show that art-related learning content dominates the education expenditure of well-off families after the implementation of the double-reducing policy,while cultural tutoring decreases.Becasue of(a)parents mainly want to cultivate their children's interests and hobbies or provide guidance for weak subjects;(b)the lack of understanding of the double reduction policy,leading to parents and students blindly follow the trend,increasing the pressure of students and parents'anxiety.This study focuses on the feelings of students and parents after the implementation of the double reduction policy,and attaches importance to the problems arising after the implementation of the policy.The findings are helpful to provide reference for future research on the educational investment of wealthy families after the implementation of the double reduction policy.

Study of the Mode of Cost-sharing by Indi-viduals for Higher Education in China

In recent years, financial crises of higher education have become universal. The policy of cost-sharing by in- dividuals was tried out in many countries. However, empirical studies have shown that the policy has, to a certain de- gree, negative effects for the poor in accepting higher education costs. This paper points out it is the mismatch between tuition fees and the ability to pay that causes the problem. Using two dimensions of group and time to pay, a mode sys- tem, including seven modes for the individual to share the cost of higher education, was constructed. It is suggested that only three modes of pay-immediately have been carried out in China and they all have same shortcomings. To try new modes and exercise different modes synthetically will be meaningful for solving the questions that exist in the current policy.

The Development Trend of Developed Countries to Invest in Education of Disadvantaged Groups and the Enlightenment to Our Country

Educational investment is the material basis for developing intelligence and educational cause and also an important factor for the development of economic and society.This paper argues that educational investment is an important strategy to solve the problem of disadvantaged groups in our country,and hopes that through the analysis of the structure and the trend for educational investment in developed countries,and it can provide reference and valuable suggestions for our country.

Study on the Establishment of a Long-effect Mechanism for China＇s Securities Investor Education

Investor education is not only one of the most important and fundamental institutional constructions at capital market, but also an important part of the cultural construction of capital market. At the present stage, the long-effect mechanism for investor education is not only a demand of China＇s securities market on its healthy development, but also an objective reality that China＇s investor education is necessary to confront with. For these reasons, it is necessary for China to deepen investor education, expand investor education platform, strengthen risk prevention, and take initiative to build up a multi-level investor education system, and ultimately establish and improve a long-effect mechanism for investor education, so as to ensure the stable, harmonious and order development of China＇s Securities market in futures.

近年OECD国家幼儿教育经费投入趋势研究——基于《Educationata Glance:OECD Indicators 2010-2015》报告的分析

《Education at a Glance:OECD indicators》是OECD每年发布的关于各成员国3年前教育发展概况统计。通过对2010-2015年6年间OECD发布的《Education at a Glance:OECD indicators》报告中关于幼儿教育阶段经费投入状况的分析发现:OECD国家近年对幼儿教育的投入占GDP的比例平均0.6℅以上,占教育总体投入的8.5℅以上,并且教育投入正在向幼儿教育倾斜;政府是学前教育投入的绝对主体,并正在逐步通过多种方式降低家庭负担的比重;在保证一定数量的公办幼儿教育机构的基础上逐渐扩大对私立机构的投入和资助。OECD国家幼儿教育经费投入趋势对我国幼儿教育经费投入具有重要的参考价值。

An Evaluation of the Investment for Child Development in China

Objective This study estimated the investment in child development from three aspects-public health, public education, and family investment to establish the level of investment, to provide reference information for government decision making and to provide international comparisons. Methods Public investment in health was measured with macro data related to public health spending and child development in government expenditure. Public education investment was based on basic education data. Family investment evaluation was based on per capita family consumer spending data in different age groups to estimate the input for child development. Results Both public health investment level and the proportion of GDP rose for all age groups over time, but the overall investment level was still insufficient. Public investment in children＇s education has increased year by year, but the trends in all age groups are unbalanced with much lower investment in early childhood education. Private investment in children has increased over the period, but has declined as a percentage of GDP. International comparisons show that China＇s investment in child development is much lower than OECD countries. Conclusion The private investment in child development was the main way in China, with public finance contributing only a small proportion. Given the poor international comparisons, the government needs to review the balance of public investment to redirect more towards the development of children under the age of six to their health and education.

Investment Opportunity in Online Survey Industry under COVID-19

The COVID-19 outbreak left the world an island shrouded in repression,causing great losses to the world economy and blowing numerous investors in the financial market.However,at the same time,emerging online industries also bring them new investment opportunities.This article would analyze the operation condition and forecast the growth potential of three enterprises,Zoom Video Inc.,Shanghai Yaoji Technology Co.,Ltd,and 51Talk,which specialize in Online Entertainment,Online Education,and Office Online.Through analyzing operating profit growth rate and net profit growth rate of Zoom Video Inc.,classifying Shanghai Yaoji Technology Co.,Ltd in terms of ROIC and increase rate of main business revenue,and predicting stock returns of 51 talk using Baidu Index,short-term and long-term investment strategies can be provided.With the above evidence,it is proposed that Shanghai Yaoji Technology Co.,Ltd is worthy to invest in the short run,while Zoom Video Inc.and 51Talk have larger profitability in the long term.Besides,the future of those online industries is predicted.

Research on Correlation between Employees＇ Heterogeneity Characteristics and R＆D Investment

Using all Chinese firms listed on the stock exchanges during 2007-2012, we examined the influence of employees＇ heterogeneity characteristics on R＆D investment. The empirical result showed that employees＇ educational level and R＆D investment is a significant positive correlation. We also proved the number of technical employee has a positive effect on R＆D.

Does Life Expectancy Affect Private Educational Investment in China?

In this paper, we emphasize the interactive effect between life expectancy and human capital accumulation, and test the positive feedback of longevity to educational investment in China. This is very important for understanding the pressure from the aging population and the increase in private educational investment in China. We first show in an extended human eapital investment model that life expectancy growth acts as a driving force for educational investment. We then build a difference-in-difference-in-differences empirieal framework and use cross-province data to examine the effect in China. We use the maternal mortality rate （MMR） to identify the difference in life expectancy between genders, and the illiteracy rate or average years of education by gender for educational investment. The empirical results comply with the theory, in that increases in life expectancy significantly lower illiteracy rates and improve the average schooling years in China. This content of the present paper is closely related to crucial issues like population aging, human capital accumulation and gender discrimination. Policy implications are discussed based on the empirical results.

A study on the rate of contribution of education investment to the economic growth in China

There is an evident bi-directional causality relationship between education investment and economic growth based on an analysis of statistics from 1952 to 2003 released by the State Statistics Bureau.A generalized difference regression model is set up to investigate the relationship between the two.Studies show that the rate of contribution of education investment to economic growth was 24.4 percent from 1952 to 2003.Further examination indicates that after the market-oriented economy restructuring,this rate increased by a wide margin of 7 percent,from 22.8 percent to 29.7 percent.

重新审视“好”父母:密集型育儿及其对儿童青少年发展的影响

经过近一个世纪的发展,“密集型育儿”已成为当代社会主流的育儿范式和理想标准,但它并非“完美无缺”。本文以密集型育儿的态度与行为作为框架,对密集型育儿给儿童青少年发展带来的复杂影响进行了研究综述。已有实证证据表明,当密集型育儿达到一定水平时,父母更多的投入和参与不仅不会带来更多增益,还可能在多个方面产生消极影响,且这些影响也会受到阶层、性别和文化的调节。密集型育儿给儿童和父母自身都带来了一定风险,未来研究可以从中国本土化的视角对密集型育儿的影响机制进行更为系统深入的研究。

数字经济对现代化产业体系建设的影响研究

现代化产业体系是现代化国家的物质基础,建设现代化产业体系对实现经济高质量发展、推动中国式现代化进程具有重要意义。利用2011—2021年我国30个省级行政区的面板数据,结合稳健性检验、内生性检验、中介效应检验和异质性检验等方法,实证分析数字经济对现代化产业体系的影响机制,为经济高质量发展奠定基础。研究发现:数字经济发展水平越高,现代化产业体系建设越完善;数字经济发展对现代化产业体系建设的推动作用在中西部地区和教育水平高的地区更为明显;绿色技术创新和产业结构升级在数字经济对现代化产业体系建设的影响中发挥中介作用。因此,应通过加强“两化”、推动绿色技术创新、优化产业结构等途径建设现代化产业体系,夯实中国式现代化的物质基础。

儿童校外生活状况报告:家庭教育

2023年3—6月,中国儿童中心联合首都师范大学中小学生校外教育研究院、北京大学中国社会科学调查中心在全国东、中、西部11省12市开展了中国儿童校外生活状况调查。基于抽样调查数据,围绕家庭教育的目标、手段、结果三个环节分析当前中国儿童家庭教育的基本状况与问题,展现各类家庭在家庭教育上的差异性。数据分析显示,我国家庭教育仍然具有高期待和密集投入的特征,呈现出明显的母亲主导和代际分工,普遍认可参与式、民主平等、友好的家庭教育方式。“双减”政策的实施,一定程度上减轻了家长辅导儿童作业的负担,推广了“五育并举”的家庭教育理念。但在普遍的高教育期望下,家庭对参与校外培训仍有一度热度,短期内家长的教育焦虑问题仍存在。报告建议,在充分发挥学校作为教育主阵地的作用的同时,应该引导家庭理性看待教育,提倡父母合理分工,提供多种渠道满足家庭对教育的需求,以形成健康的教育环境。

民办职业教育现状及经费投入体制机制创新研究

民办职业教育是我国教育体系的重要组成部分,为我国经济社会的发展培养了数千万技能型人才,在中国式现代化建设中发挥着人才培育功能。但我国民办职业教育的发展走深、走实、走远遇到了制约瓶颈。文章以民办职业教育与公办高职教育的经费投入比较为切入点,描述了民办职业教育的困境及当前教育经费分配现状,为给民办职业教育创造良好的投入机制,建议采取补贴或资助的方式对民办职业教育给予资助,建立民办职业教育奖补机制,以保障民办职业教育的教育教学水平。