The area sown to Bt cotton has expanded rapidly in China since 1997. It has effectively controlled the bollworm. However, in recent years, concern has surfaced about the emergence of secondary insect pests, particular...The area sown to Bt cotton has expanded rapidly in China since 1997. It has effectively controlled the bollworm. However, in recent years, concern has surfaced about the emergence of secondary insect pests, particular mirids, in Bt cotton fields. This study measures the patterns of insecticide use based on farm-level from 1999 to 2006, the analysis demonstrates a rise in insecticide use to control mirids between 2001 and 2004, secondary insect infestations is largely related to the rise of mirids, but this rising did not continue in more than half of sample villages studied in 2004-2006. Moreover, the increase in insecticide use for the control of secondary insects is far smaller than the reduction in total insecticide use due to Bt cotton adoption. Further econometric analyses show that rise and fall of mirids is largely related to local temperature and rainfall.展开更多
利用"陆地棉×中棉×瑟伯氏棉"HAT三元远缘杂种后代深厚遗传背景,通过低代混选法,提高棉花远缘杂交后代的遗传改良效果;采用优系内姊妹交,充分利用数量性状基因的加性效应,促进产量、抗性、品质等数量性状微效多基因...利用"陆地棉×中棉×瑟伯氏棉"HAT三元远缘杂种后代深厚遗传背景,通过低代混选法,提高棉花远缘杂交后代的遗传改良效果;采用优系内姊妹交,充分利用数量性状基因的加性效应,促进产量、抗性、品质等数量性状微效多基因聚合;现代分子标记技术与传统高效育种技术相结合,缩短育种进程;培育出转基因抗虫棉花新品种冀1316。该品种遗传基础丰富,具有陆地棉、中棉和野生瑟伯氏棉血统,集高产、稳产、优质、广适、多抗、适于简化管理等优良性状于一体。冀中南棉花品种区域试验,冀1316的23个试验点全部增产,且增幅达到极显著水平,皮棉产量、霜前皮棉产量分别较对照DP99B增产20.5%和23.8%,均居同期参试品种第1名;高抗棉铃虫,抗盲蝽象;抗旱,耐盐碱;纤维上半部平均长度30.2 mm,马克隆值5.0,断裂比强度30.4 c N/tex,为纤维优质Ⅱ型品种;尤其是在稳产性、抗逆、抗盲蝽象、适于机械化轻简化管理方面优势明显,能够满足河北省及其周边棉区生产需求和目前棉花生产对棉花品种机械化轻简化管理的需要。展开更多
基金support by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KSCX2-YW-N-039) and International Development Research Center,China
文摘The area sown to Bt cotton has expanded rapidly in China since 1997. It has effectively controlled the bollworm. However, in recent years, concern has surfaced about the emergence of secondary insect pests, particular mirids, in Bt cotton fields. This study measures the patterns of insecticide use based on farm-level from 1999 to 2006, the analysis demonstrates a rise in insecticide use to control mirids between 2001 and 2004, secondary insect infestations is largely related to the rise of mirids, but this rising did not continue in more than half of sample villages studied in 2004-2006. Moreover, the increase in insecticide use for the control of secondary insects is far smaller than the reduction in total insecticide use due to Bt cotton adoption. Further econometric analyses show that rise and fall of mirids is largely related to local temperature and rainfall.
文摘利用"陆地棉×中棉×瑟伯氏棉"HAT三元远缘杂种后代深厚遗传背景,通过低代混选法,提高棉花远缘杂交后代的遗传改良效果;采用优系内姊妹交,充分利用数量性状基因的加性效应,促进产量、抗性、品质等数量性状微效多基因聚合;现代分子标记技术与传统高效育种技术相结合,缩短育种进程;培育出转基因抗虫棉花新品种冀1316。该品种遗传基础丰富,具有陆地棉、中棉和野生瑟伯氏棉血统,集高产、稳产、优质、广适、多抗、适于简化管理等优良性状于一体。冀中南棉花品种区域试验,冀1316的23个试验点全部增产,且增幅达到极显著水平,皮棉产量、霜前皮棉产量分别较对照DP99B增产20.5%和23.8%,均居同期参试品种第1名;高抗棉铃虫,抗盲蝽象;抗旱,耐盐碱;纤维上半部平均长度30.2 mm,马克隆值5.0,断裂比强度30.4 c N/tex,为纤维优质Ⅱ型品种;尤其是在稳产性、抗逆、抗盲蝽象、适于机械化轻简化管理方面优势明显,能够满足河北省及其周边棉区生产需求和目前棉花生产对棉花品种机械化轻简化管理的需要。
