NEUT、ESR、Gal-3水平与感染性心内膜炎患者临床预后的关系

目的探讨中性粒细胞计数(neutrophil count,NEUT)、红细胞沉降率(erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR)、半乳糖凝集素-3(galectin-3,Gal-3)水平与感染性心内膜炎(infective endocarditis,IE)患者临床预后的关系。方法选取2021年2月至2023年4月商洛市中心医院收治的88例IE患者,其中男49例,女39例,平均年龄46.20岁,心功能分级Ⅱ~Ⅲ级54例、Ⅳ级34例。随访1年,根据预后结果,将患者分为预后良好组(54例)和预后不良组(34例)。单因素分析患者的临床资料和实验室指标等,然后通过多因素logistic回归分析IE患者预后不良的危险因素。受试者操作特征曲线(ROC)评估NEUT、ESR和Gal-3水平对IE患者预后不良的预测能力。采用t检验、χ^(2)检验。结果预后不良组与预后良好组心功能分级、Pitt评分、治疗前NEUT水平、治疗2周后NEUT、ESR和Gal-3水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,心功能分级为Ⅳ级、Pitt评分≥2分及治疗2周后高NEUT、ESR和Gal-3水平是IE患者预后不良的独立危险因素(均P<0.05)。治疗2周后NEUT、ESR和Gal-3水平及三者联合预测IE患者预后不良的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.912、0.949、0.905和0.985。结论NEUT、ESR、Gal-3水平在IE患者中具有重要的临床预测价值。高水平的NEUT、ESR和Gal-3与IE患者的不良预后密切相关,可以作为独立的不良预后风险因素,能够为临床提供更精准的风险评估和治疗决策支持。

Studies of an event-building algorithm of the readout system for the twin TPCs in HFRS

The High-energy Fragment Separator(HFRS),which is currently under construction,is a leading international radioactive beam device.Multiple sets of position-sensitive twin time projection chamber(TPC)detectors are distributed on HFRS for particle identification and beam monitoring.The twin TPCs'readout electronics system operates in a trigger-less mode due to its high counting rate,leading to a challenge of handling large amounts of data.To address this problem,we introduced an event-building algorithm.This algorithm employs a hierarchical processing strategy to compress data during transmission and aggregation.In addition,it reconstructs twin TPCs'events online and stores only the reconstructed particle information,which significantly reduces the burden on data transmission and storage resources.Simulation studies demonstrated that the algorithm accurately matches twin TPCs'events and reduces more than 98%of the data volume at a counting rate of 500 kHz/channel.

An active base designed in high-counting-rate applications for Hamamatsu R1924A photomultiplier tube

Hamamatsu R1924A is one of the most widely used photomultiplier tubes(PMTs) in nuclear physics.Since the active base suitable for R1924A is still not available in market, an active base is designed for Hamamatsu R1924A PMT, and the test results at high counting rates are presented. The active bases with two different sets of resistor chains were tested and compared by a frequency-controlled green straw hat LED light. A stable signal output up to 100 kHz is achieved using frequency-controlled LED pulsed light. The temperature of bases, which reflects the power consumption and is crucial for applications in vacuum, is also monitored with the same LED pulsed light. The temperature of the active base with smaller resistances reaches about twice of that of the active base with larger resistances in the resistor chain. For the applications in vacuum, the active base with resistance between the two sets of resistor chains may be preferable.

Fiber coupled high count-rate single-photon generated from InAs quantum dots

In this work,we achieve high count-rate single-photon output in single-mode(SM)optical fiber.Epitaxial and dilute InAs/GaAs quantum dots(QDs)are embedded in a GaAs/AlGaAs distributed Bragg reflector(DBR)with a micro-pillar cavity,so as to improve their light emission extraction in the vertical direction,thereby enhancing the optical SM fiber’s collection capabil-ity(numerical aperture:0.13).By tuning the temperature precisely to make the quantum dot exciton emission resonant to the micro-pillar cavity mode(Q~1800),we achieve a fiber-output single-photon count rate as high as 4.73×10^(6) counts per second,with the second-order auto-correlation g2(0)remaining at 0.08.

Diagnostic performance of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging parameters and serum tumor markers in rectal carcinoma prognosis

BACKGROUND Rectal carcinoma(RC),one of the most common malignancies globally,presents an increasing incidence and mortality year by year,especially among young people,which seriously affects the prognosis and quality of life of patients.At present,dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(DCE-MRI)parameters and serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9)and CA125 Levels have been used in clinical practice to evaluate the T stage and differentiation of RC.However,the accuracy of these evaluation modalities still needs further research.This study explores the application and value of these methods in evaluating the T stage and differentiation degree of RC.AIM To analyze the diagnostic performance of DCE-MRI parameters combined with serum tumor markers(TMs)in assessing pathological processes and prognosis of RC patients.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on 104 RC patients treated at Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital from May 2018 to January 2022.Patients were categorized into stages T1,T2,T3,and T4,depending on their T stage and differentiation degree.In addition,they were assigned to low(L group)and moderate-high differentiation(M+H group)groups based on their differentiation degree.The levels of DCE-MRI parameters and serum CA19-9 and CA125 in different groups of patients were compared.In addition,the value of DCE-MRI parameters[volume transfer constant(Ktrans),rate constant(Kep),and extravascular extracellular volume fraction(Ve)in assessing the differentiation and T staging of RC patients was discussed.Furthermore,the usefulness of DCE-MRI parameters combined with serum CA19-9 and CA125 Levels in the evaluation of RC differentiation and T staging was analyzed.RESULTS Ktrans,Ve,CA19-9 and CA125 were higher in the high-stage group and L group than in the low-stage group and M+H Group,respectively(P<0.05).The areas under the curve(AUCs)of the Ktran and Ve parameters were 0.638 and 0.694 in the diagnosis of high and low stages,respectively,and 0.672 and 0.725 in diagnosing moderate-high and low differentiation,respectively.The AUC of DCE-MRI parameters(Ktrans+Ve)in the diagnosis of high and low stages was 0.742,and the AUC in diagnosing moderate-high and low differentiation was 0.769.The AUCs of CA19-9 and CA-125 were 0.773 and 0.802 in the diagnosis of high and low stages,respectively,and 0.834 and 0.796 in diagnosing moderate-high and low differentiation,respectively.Then,we combined DCE-MRI(Ktrans+Ve)parameters with CA19-9 and CA-125 and found that the AUC of DCE-MRI parameters plus serum TMs was 0.836 in the diagnosis of high and low stages and 0.946 in the diagnosis of moderate-high and low differentiation.According to the Delong test,the AUC of DCE-MRI parameters plus serum TMs increased significantly compared with serum TMs alone in the diagnosis of T stage and differentiation degree(P<0.001).CONCLUSION The levels of the DCE-MRI parameters Ktrans and Ve and the serum TMs CA19-9 and CA125 all increase with increasing T stage and decreasing differentiation degree of RC and can be used as indices to evaluate the differentiation degree of RC in clinical practice.Moreover,the combined evaluation of the above indices has a better effect and more obvious clinical value,providing important guiding importance for clinical condition judgment and treatment selection.

PCT、hs-CRP、ESR与外周血细胞计数联合在小儿急性细菌性上呼吸道感染筛查中的意义

目的 分析降钙素原(Procalcitonin,PCT)、超敏C反应蛋白(High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein,hsCRP)、红细胞沉降率(Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate,ESR)与外周血细胞计数联合在小儿急性细菌性上呼吸道感染筛查中的意义。方法 选取2022年1—12月山东泗水县人民医院诊断为小儿急性细菌性上呼吸道感染的100例患儿作为观察组,同时选取本院查体中心的100例健康儿童为对照组。对比两组PCT、hsCRP、ESR与外周血细胞计数,分析PCT、hs-CRP、ESR与外周血细胞计数联合检测对小儿急性细菌性上呼吸道感染的诊断价值。结果 观察组白细胞计数(8.41±1.42)×10^(9)/L、中性粒细胞比例(86.26±5.21)%、中性粒细胞计数(4.29±1.23)×10^(9)/L、hs-CRP(18.34±3.31)mg/L、ESR(18.62±3.95)mm/h、PCT(5.21±1.98)ng/mL明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=15.889、19.369、12.370、44.844、29.563、24.047,P均<0.05)。4种指标的联合检测其灵敏度、特异度最高,达89.0%,88.0%。结论 PCT、hs-CRP、ESR与外周血细胞计数联合在小儿急性细菌性上呼吸道感染筛查中具有较高的价值。

伽马-伽马密度测井的密度校正方法及应用

针对天然放射性引起的伽马-伽马密度测井解析地层密度值偏低的问题,文章提出一种利用天然伽马探测器计数率与长、短源探测器计数率比值(RGGFR/NGR,RGGNR/NGR)系数,对长、短源探测器计数率进行修正的方法,进而利用常规刻度系数进行密度值解算。分别利用现场核查模型和钻孔实测数据进行密度解算与修正,结果表明该方法是一种有效的密度校正方法,满足密度测井对精度的要求。

ICESat-2数据背景光子特性及滤波方法研究

ICESat-2(Ice,Cloud and Land Elevation Satellite-2)是世界首颗采用光子计数模式的激光测高卫星,可快速获得高精度、大尺度地面三维数据。光子探测机制使得数据中除了地面信号外,还包含大气散射等背景信号,需要通过滤波才能获得地形等信息。为分析ICESat-2背景和信号光子的分布特点及点云滤波算法的效果和适用性,本文首先选取了六种地表覆盖类型(城市、海冰、沙漠、植被、海洋及冰盖/冰川)及不同观测条件的数据,对其背景光子率进行统计分析。分析结果表明:白天观测数据的背景光子率平均为106(点/秒)数量级,远高于夜晚观测数据的背景光子率——104(点/秒)数量级,弱波束的背景光子率与强波束背景光子率相当,六种地表覆盖类型中,冰盖/冰川的背景光子率最高。然后,根据统计结果筛选出21组测高数据,并选取七种具有代表性的点云滤波对其进行去噪实验,分析精度后得出结论:改进局部密度法的去噪效果最佳,算法召回率、精准度和F值均大于0.90,算法较为稳定。最后,对所选取各滤波算法的精度、特点与适用性等性质进行了总结与分析,可为后续该数据的使用和滤波算法的选择提供参考。

Dark count rate and band to band tunneling optimization for single photon avalanche diode topologies

This paper proposes two optimal designs of single photon avalanche diodes(SPADs) minimizing dark count rate(DCR). The first structure is introduced as p^+/pwell/nwell, in which a specific shallow pwell layer is added between p^+and nwell layers to decrease the electric field below a certain threshold. The simulation results show on average 19.7%and 8.5% reduction of p^+/nwell structure’s DCR comparing with similar previous structures in different operational excess bias and temperatures respectively. Moreover, a new structure is introduced as n+/nwell/pwell, in which a specific shallow nwell layer is added between n+and pwell layers to lower the electric field below a certain threshold. The simulation results show on average 29.2% and 5.5% decrement of p^+/nwell structure’s DCR comparing with similar previous structures in different operational excess bias and temperatures respectively. It is shown that in higher excess biases(about 6 volts), the n+/nwell/pwell structure is proper to be integrated as digital silicon photomultiplier(dSiPM) due to low DCR. On the other hand, the p^+/pwell/nwell structure is appropriate to be utilized in dSiPM in high temperatures(above 50?C) due to lower DCR value.

Evaluation of autonomic nervous system by heart rate variability and differential count of leukocytes in athletes

Top Japanese sprinters were evaluated for their physical condition, autonomic function, blood chemistry, differential leukocyte count and blood lactate level before and after short, maximal exercise to explore methods of quantifying their conditioning level. Statistical analysis of data obtained before and 10 min after exercise were used to estimate the athletes’ autonomic capacity during recovery. Pre and post exercise variances in differential leukocyte count revealed strong correlations between neutrophil and sympathetic activity, and lymphocyte and parasympathetic activity. The results of the study demonstrated significant alterations in autonomic parameters and differential white blood cell count in response to maximal exercise.

Tests on Application of Soil Magnetic and Integrated Gamma Ray TLD and TC Methods to the Exploration of Sandstone-Type Uranium Deposits

This paper introduces the test results of the soil magnetic survey and the integrated gamma-ray TLD and TC methods for sandstone-type uranium exploration and describes the prospecting mechanism. The tests have proved that these approaches have yielded good results on classifying the sedimentary facies, defining the redox transitional zones and reflecting deep mineralization information. They may probably become new methods on searching for sandstone-type uranium deposits.

Process for improving the ladle free- opening rate for high aluminum steel in continuous casting

Steel 20Mn23AlV is a type of high aluminum steel with a very low ladle free-opening rate. The aluminum composition of 20Mn23AlV ranges from 1.6% to 2.45% ,which is significantly higher than other types of steel. According to the real condition of 40 t ladle in steel-making plant of Baosteel Special Steel Company, previous works show that the key factors affecting the ladle free-opening rate of high aluminum steel in continuous casting are：sand material, accessories baking, ladle nozzle cleaning, the process and amount of adding sand, and the rate of argon stirring during refining. Therefore, improving the ladle filler sand quality, baking all of the raw materials, controlling the addition of ladle filler sand, cleaning the ladle nozzle, and optimizing argon stirring during the refining process can resolve the problem of a low ladle free-opening rate of high aluminum steel caused by the long ladle time of liquid steel.

Effect of varying normal stress on stability and dynamic motion of a spring-slider system with rate- and state-dependent friction

Incorporating rate and state friction laws, stability of linearly stable （i.e., with stiffness greater than the critical value） spring-slider systems subjected to triggering perturbations was analyzed under variable normal stress condition, and comparison was made between our results and that of fixed normal stress cases revealed in previous studies. For systems associated with the slip law, the critical mag- nitude of rate steps for triggering unstable slips are found to have a similar pattern to the fixed normal stress case, and the critical velocity steps scale with a/（b - a） when k = kcr for both cases. The rate-step boundaries for the variable normal stress cases are revealed to be lower than the fixed normal stress case by 7 %-16 % for a relatively large ct = 0.56 with （b - a）/a ranging from 0.25 to 1, indicating easier triggering under the variable normal stress condition with rate steps. The difference between fixed and variable normal stress cases decreases when the α value is smaller. In the same slip- law-type systems, critical displacements to trigger instability are revealed to be little affected by the variable normal stress condition. When k 〉 kcr（V,）, a spring-slider system with the slowness law is much more stable than with the slip law,suggesting that the slowness law fits experimental data better when a single state variable is adopted. In stick-slip motions, the variable normal stress case has larger stress drops than the constant normal stress case. The variable normal stress has little effect on the range of slip velocity in systems associated with the slowness law, whereas systems associated with the slip law have a slowest slip velocity immensely smaller than the fixed normal stress case, by ~ 10 orders of magnitude.

Effect of cooling rate on evolution of superconducting phases during decomposition and recrystallization of (Bi,Pb)-2223 core in Ag-sheathed tape

The reformation of (Bi,Pb)-2223 from the liquid or melt is very important for a melting process of (Bi,Pb)-2223 tape. By combination of quenching experiment with X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, the effect of cooling rate on the evolution of three superconducting phases in the (Bi,Pb)-2223 core of Ag-sheathed tape was investigated. The results show that (Bi,Pb)-2223 reformation from the melt seems to experience different routes during slowly cooling at different rates. One is that (Bi,Pb)-2223 phase reformed directly from the melt, and no Bi-2212 participate in this process. The other is that (Bi,Pb)-2223 is converted from the intermediate product, Bi-2212, which formed from the melt during the first cooling stage. Due to the inherent sluggish formation kinetics of (Bi,Pb)-2223 from Bi-2212, only partial (Bi,Pb)-2223 can finally be reformed with the second route.

Plastic Flow Modeling of Ti-5 Al-2 Sn-2 Zr-4 Mo-4 Cr Alloy at Elevated Temperatures and High Strain Rates

The true stress-sWain relationships of Ti-5A1-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr（TC17） alloy with a wide range of strain rates were investigated by tmiaxial quasi-static and dynamic compression tests, respectively. Quasi- static compression tests were carried out with Instron 8874 test machine, while dynamic compression tests were performed with the split Hopkinson pressure bar （SHPB） which was installed with heating device and synchro- assembly system. The dynamic mechanical behaviors tests of TC17 were carded out from room temperature to 800 ℃ at intervals of 200 ℃ and at high sWain rates （5 500-1 9200 s-l）. The stress-strain curves considering temperature-sWain rate coupling actions were obtained. The Johnson-Cook constitutive model was developed through data fitting of the stress-sWain curves. The material constants in the developed constitutive model can be determined using isothermal and adiabatic stress-strain curves at different strain rates. The Johnson-Cook constitutive model provided satisfied prediction of the plastic flow stress for TC17 alloy.

小儿支气管肺炎病情严重程度与血清hs-CRP、WBC、ESR水平的相关性

目的:探讨小儿支气管肺炎病情严重程度与血清超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞计数(WBC)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)水平的相关性。方法:将84例支气管肺炎患儿作为研究组,84例健康小儿作为对照组。比较两组受检者之间、不同病情严重程度之间、不同病因重症患儿之间的血清hs-CRP、WBC、ESRC水平差异,并分析3个指标与支气管肺炎患儿病情严重程度的关系。结果:研究组血清hs-CRP、WBC、ESR水平高于对照组;重症患儿血清hsCRP、WBC、ESR水平高于轻症患儿;细菌感染的重症患儿血清hs-CRP、WBC、ESR高于非细菌感染的重症患儿;血清hs-CRP、WBC、ESR水平与支气管肺炎患儿病情严重程度呈正相关(P <0.05)。结论:小儿支气管肺炎患儿血清hs-CRP、WBC、ESR明显升高,三者水平高低与患儿病情严重程度、病因密切相关。

Effect of Source to Camera Distance and Count Rate on Intrinsic Uniformity of SPECT Gamma Camera

In this research, the excellent parameter for regular Quality Control (QC) testing of intrinsic uniformity for dual-head Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) gamma camera is determined. The integral and differential intrinsic uniformity tests for both Useful Field Of View (UFOV) and Centre Field Of View (CFOV) were done by insertion a point-source of 99mTc in front of the detectors with detached collimators to measure the effect of source to camera distance and a count rate on intrinsic uniformity. The result reveals that the best intrinsic uniformity image is obtained at source-to-camera distance of 3 m and a count rate between 16 and 60 M.

Performance Analysis of Outage Probability and Error Rate of Square M-QAM in Mobile Wireless Communication Systems over Generalized α-μ Fading Channels with Non-Gaussian Noise

This paper derives new and exact closed-form expressions for the average symbol error rate(SER) of square M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation(M-QAM) in wireless communication systems over theα-μfading channels subject to an additive non-Gaussian noise. The obtained expressions take into account static and mobile wireless receivers. In addition, a closed-form expression for the outage probability in mobile networks is obtained. Please note that all derived expressions in this paper a valid for integer and non-integer values of the fading parameters. Analytical results are presented to study the impact of noise shaping parameter, severity of fading, and mobility on the average SER. Monte-Carlo simulations results are also provided to validate the accuracy of the analytical results.

Investigation of the factors affecting the consistency of short-period traffic counts

The main intent of this study is to investigate the accuracy of short-duration traffic counts conducted during winter months. The investigation is based on 11-year sample data collected using permanent traffic counters at various locations in Alberta, Canada. Four types of road sites： commuter, regional commuter, rural long-distance, and recreational sites are studied. The sample data consti- tute six different durations of counts （12-, 24-, 48-, 72-, 96-h, and 1 week） taken during summer and winter months. The coefficient of variation （CV） is used as the relative measure of deviation for counts of different dura- tions to measure the accuracy of short-period traffic counts. The study results indicate that 48-h count seems to be the most cost-effective counting interval during both summer and winter months. It is also found that the lowest values of CV result for counts taken at commuter sites, and the highest values are observed for recreational sites. Frequent changes in temperature and other weather events cause significant variation in traffic volume, which results in an increase in CV values for counts taken during winter months. The application of an adjustment factor to remove the effect of cold and snow from short-period counts is also included in this study. Introduced adjustment factors can reduce the values of CV for all counts taken during winter months. The findings of this study can lead highway agencies to improve the cost-effectiveness of their short- period traffic counting programs.

血清Lp-PLA2、血小板聚集率、平均血小板体积/血小板计数比值与老年冠心病患者主要不良心血管事件的相关性分析

目的探讨血清脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(Lp-PLA2)、血小板聚集率(PAG)、平均血小板体积/血小板计数比值(MPV/PLT)与老年冠心病(CHD)患者主要不良心血管事件(MACE)的相关性。方法回顾性收集南通大学附属建湖医院2020年8月至2021年9月收治的162例老年CHD患者临床资料,所有患者均予阿司匹林口服治疗并接受1年随访,记录患者1年内出现MACE情况,根据是否出现MACE将患者分为发生组(30例)和未发生组(132例),比较2组患者入院时血清Lp-PLA2、PAG、MPV/PLT,采用Logistic回归分析其与老年CHD患者MACE的关系,用受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线评估患者入院时血清Lp-PLA2、PAG、MPV/PLT及3项联合预测1年内出现MACE的价值。结果发生组年龄≥75岁占比、合并高血压占比显著高于未发生组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与未发生组比较,发生组患者血清Lp-PLA2、PAG、MPV/PLT水平更高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,合并高血压、Lp-PLA2、PAG、MPV/PLT是影响老年CHD患者MACE发生的因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线结果显示,Lp-PLA2、PAG、MPV/PLT、3项联合预测老年CHD患者MACE的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.832、0.817、0.841、0.939。结论Lp-PLA2、PAG、MPV/PLT过表达与老年CHD患者发生MACE有紧密联系,住院期间可通过检测Lp-PLA2、PAG、MPV/PLT水平评估MACE发生风险,及时进行临床干预。