Cenozoic Age Counterclockwise Rotation in the Northwest End of the Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina

Investigations into the Andean orocline revealed a counterclockwise rotation of about 37° in the north and a clockwise rotation of about 29° in the south. This rotation would have started in the Eocene because the Nazca and South American plates converged. The transition zone between the Puna and the Sierras Pampeanas has a clockwise rotation pattern. Our new data show that the NE convergence of the Nazca and South American plates caused the counterclockwise rotation around the NW end of the Sierras Pampeanas. The temperature rise during a magmatic activity at 13 Ma would have favored a counterclockwise rotation of the mountain blocks of about 20° on a detachment zone within 10 to 15 km of depth. These range rotations generated local stress tensors trending NE and NW, facilitating the development of valleys, basins, mineralized dikes, mineral deposits, and alluvial fans separated from their origin. The Atajo fault shows both ductile and brittle characteristics. A mylonitic belt from the Sierra de Aconquija was juxtaposed on the rocks of the Ovejería Block and the Farallón Negro Volcanic Complex by reverse vertical displacement, and a dextral horizontal component of displacement resulted in curvatures that gave rise to pull-apart basins and step over features. The Santa Maria Valley, Campo del Arenal, Hualfín Valley, and Pipanaco salt flat most likely constituted a vast early Miocene basin rarely interrupted by low feature relief.

Pivotal Role of Spin in Celestial Body Motion Mechanics: Prelude to a Spinning Universe

This is the final article in our series dealing with the interplay of spin and gravity that leads to the generation, and continuation of celestial body motions in the universe. In our prior studies we focused on such interactions in the elementary particles, and in the celestial bodies in the solar system. Foremost among the findings was that, along with gravity, matter at all levels exhibits axial spin. We further noted that all freestanding bodies outside our solar system, including the largest such units, the stars and galaxies also spin on their axes. Also, the axial rotation speed of planets in our solar system has a linear positive relationship to their masses, thus hinting at its fundamental and autonomous nature. We have reported that this relationship between the size of the body and its axial rotation speed extends to the stars and even the galaxies. Next, all congregations of matter spin on their axes in the counterclockwise direction;all satellites orbit their mother bodies also in the counterclockwise direction, i.e.: in our solar system, with only rare exceptions, the satellite bodies follow the mother bodies’ axial rotation. This relationship exists also in the case of the rings of planets, the asteroids and the Kuiper belt bodies, as well as the stars and their galaxies. We also noted the intricate involvements between spin and gravity in the exquisite phenomena of synchronous and negative rotations of planets and some satellites;we have explained in detail how these two phenomena occur. The closest large moons of the gas and ice giants and the earth’s moon exhibit synchronous rotation. In this paper we present evidence that these synchronously rotating satellite bodies’ axial rotation speed is closely related to the size and the axial rotation speeds of their respective mother bodies. In the satellites that follow a non-synchronous rotation (most of the planets and their satellites) the satellites’ own rotation speed usually dominates. In all these rotational/orbital motions, we believe, the axial rotation and gravity collaborate with the resultant centrifugal force, which prevents the satellite bodies from crashing into the mother bodies. We have inferred from the above observations that the axial spin is a fundamental property of matter, akin to gravity, electromagnetism, and strong and weak nuclear forces. This inherent property of matter to spin on its axis is what initiates all celestial body motions and makes such motions perpetual. The lateral motions of stars within the galaxies, are also influenced by the sizes of the stars;the larger the star, the faster it moves radially. Similarly, the larger the spiral galaxy, the faster it rotates on its axis. We extrapolate from these observations that the axial rotational speeds of galaxies affect their motion in space as well, that this is circumferential, and we predict this will also be in the counterclockwise direction. This lateral movement of the galaxies will give the appearance of the whole universe spinning on its axis.

Paleomagnetic result of the Lower-Cretaceous from Luanping basin, Hebei Province and its tectonic implications

A paleomagnetic study of about 95 samples from 16 sites sampled in the Early Cretaceous in Luanping basin in Hebei Province was reported. Stepwise thermal demagnetization was used to isolate magnetic components. Most samples have a characteristic direction with a high temperature component above 500℃. The tectonic\|corrected data are D =347 8°, I =50 4°, α 95 =7.1°, and the corresponding pole position is at 76.1°N, 346.3°E, with dp =6.4°, dm =3 8°,paleolatitude λ =31.1°N. This result indicates a counterclockwise post\|Cretaceous rotation of 30.7°±9.8° with respect to the stable Ordos basin in the west of North China Block, and a non\|significant northward motion. This rotation could be related to local fault action or structural detachment, or regional NNW\|NWWward motion and collision of Kula\|Pacific plate with eastern China since the Early Cretaceous.

ROTATION OF THE HUANAN BLOCK, SOUTH CHINA

Extensive paleomagnetic studies in the Yangtze Block of South China has been performed since the 1980s, and the Phanerozoic APW (apparent polar wander)path has been established based on a large amount of data obtained. However, the Huanan Block in southeastern region still remains unknown paleomagnetically. In order to further understand the plate tectonic patterns and evolutional history prio Mesozoic collision of the