Countermeasure against blinding attack for single-photon detectors in quantum key distribution

Quantum key distribution(QKD),rooted in quantum mechanics,offers information-theoretic security.However,practi-cal systems open security threats due to imperfections,notably bright-light blinding attacks targeting single-photon detectors.Here,we propose a concise,robust defense strategy for protecting single-photon detectors in QKD systems against blinding attacks.Our strategy uses a dual approach:detecting the bias current of the avalanche photodiode(APD)to defend against con-tinuous-wave blinding attacks,and monitoring the avalanche amplitude to protect against pulsed blinding attacks.By integrat-ing these two branches,the proposed solution effectively identifies and mitigates a wide range of bright light injection attempts,significantly enhancing the resilience of QKD systems against various bright-light blinding attacks.This method forti-fies the safeguards of quantum communications and offers a crucial contribution to the field of quantum information security.

Development Status and Countermeasures of Farmers' Professional Cooperatives in Shangqiu City

Farmers' professional cooperatives develop in various forms,and with the continuous improvement of development level,social effects have gradually appear.Based on the specific situation of farmers' professional cooperatives in Shangqiu City,this paper expounded the development status of farmers' professional cooperatives in Shangqiu City,analyzed and discussed various problems encountered in the development process of farmers' professional cooperatives,and put forward some countermeasures and suggestions,such as establishing and perfecting cooperative rules and regulations,financing from multiple channels,introducing technical talents in various ways,breaking the information asymmetry restriction by various means,and giving full play to government functions,aiming to further promote standardized,large-scale,healthy and sustainable development of farmers' professional cooperatives.

Current Situation and Countermeasures of Household Waste Classification in Feixi County, Hefei City

Feixi County has made significant progress in promoting waste classification,such as establishing a comprehensive classification system,and effectively reducing environmental pollution and waste volume.However,with the increase in waste generation,the county faces multiple challenges especially in the disposal of kitchen waste and improvement of residents environmental awareness.To address these issues,Feixi County has implemented various measures,such as strengthening the construction of infrastructure for waste classification,improving regulations and clearly defining responsibilities,enhancing residents environmental awareness to encourage their participation in waste classification through education and promotion,and increasing supervision to ensure effective implementation of the work.It emphasizes community governance,encourage all parties to participate in it,and strengthen publicity,education and training to enhance residents participation.Feixi County has achieved positive results,but efforts are needed to further improve facilities,raise awareness,enhance supervision,and ensure the continuous effectiveness of waste classification work to promote urban green sustainable development.

Eternal Climate Change Patterns and the Causes and Countermeasures of Global Climate Change

It is an objective fact that the weather is unpredictable.Even the famous meteorologist,Academician Chu Ko Chen,has only a partial understanding of the changing laws of wind and rain.Even though ancient people summarized the 24 solar terms by observing the annual activities of the sun for a long time,because they ignored the impact of the activities of the moon on the Earth’s climate change on a small scale,the 24 solar terms they summarized often could not accurately predict the change of the Earth’s climate.Therefore,the author studied the influence of lunar activities on the Earth’s climate change,finds out the law of the influence of lunar activities on the Earth’s climate change on a small scale,and summarizes the eternal climate change pattern determined by the activities of the sun and the moon.In addition,the author also reveals the causes and countermeasures of global warming and the frequent occurrence of extreme weather as well as environmental change.

Regulatory Issues and Countermeasures in International Financial Markets

With the deepening of globalization,the development speed of capital markets is constantly accelerating,presenting a trend of globalization.At the same time,the emergence of multiple forms of trading platforms and diversified financial products further highlights the competitive relationship between security exchanges and other trading platforms.While promoting the transformation of security exchange forms in various countries,it also prompts governments to re-examine the financial regulatory system of securities markets.In this situation,it is very important to research the international financial market and financial regulatory system.This article explores the regulatory issues and countermeasures in the international financial market,intending to promote the stability and healthy development of the international financial market.

The Problems and Countermeasures in the Teaching of Graphic Design Majors in Universities

As a cradle for cultivating and delivering graphic design professionals,the graphic design major in universities should keep up with the times,guided by the“Opinions on Deepening Undergraduate Education and Teaching Reform,and Comprehensively Improving the Quality of Talent Cultivation,”deepen teaching reform,and enhance the quality of talent cultivation.Based on this,this article analyzes the existing problems in the teaching of graphic design major and actively explores its teaching reform path,in order to promote the in-depth implementation of graphic design major teaching and even the entire graphic design teaching reform,comprehensively improve the quality of graphic design talent cultivation,and promote the great reform and development of higher education.

Problems and Countermeasures in the Training of Master of Translation and Interpreting Talents in the Context of Technological Empowerment

This paper aims to explore the problems and countermeasures in the training of Master of Translation and Interpreting(MTI)talents in the context of technological empowerment.Through methods such as questionnaires and literature review,the study analyzes the problems in the training of MTI talents under technological empowerment and,by examining the feasibility and applicability of technologies,proposes countermeasures to these problems.The research finds that there are still problems in four areas:training concept,teaching content,research in the current training of MTI talents,and mutual empowerment of technology and education.Four countermeasures are suggested to address these problems,including utilizing technology to promote personalized training and optimize teaching content.This study provides valuable references for future educators to leverage technology in the training of MTI talents.

Current Situation and Countermeasures of the Construction of “Double-Qualified” Teachers in Higher Vocational Colleges

The construction of“double-qualified”teachers is the basic premise for the high-quality development of higher vocational education,and it is also the key force for higher vocational colleges to cultivate high-quality skilled talents.This paper probes into the positioning of the construction of“double-qualified”teachers in higher vocational colleges,deeply analyzes the current situation of the construction of“double-qualified”teachers in higher vocational colleges,and provides the countermeasures of the construction of“double-qualified”teachers.

Research on the Current Situation and Countermeasures of Integrating Artificial Intelligence into Ideological and Political Teaching in Universities

With the rapid development of modern science and technology,artificial intelligence(AI)technology is becoming more and more mature,which has brought a profound impact on every field of human society.The new era background provides a new teaching concept for ideological and political teaching in colleges and universities.Teachers in colleges and universities should adopt a positive attitude to face the teaching change brought by new technology,update the teaching ideas in time,and adjust the teaching strategy.This paper will analyze the current situation of the integrated development of AI and ideological and political teaching and put forward corresponding teaching strategies to help train well-developed socialist successors.

Countermeasures and Suggestions for Strengthening Human Resource Management in China’s Pharmaceutical Industry

Objective To provide reference and enlightenment for the development of human resource management in China’s pharmaceutical industry and to put forward some suggestions to promote the further development of pharmaceutical industry.Methods The method of literature review was used to analyze the current situation and existing problems of human resource management in China’s pharmaceutical industry.Results and Conclusion Only by continuously improving the human resource management skills and innovating management methods can pharmaceutical enterprises achieve long-term benefits with sustainable development.The formulation of human resource management strategy in pharmaceutical industry must be conducive to the realization of the business goals of enterprises.To achieve this overall goal,the human resources management department of enterprises must make the plan from a strategic perspective,formulate talent strategic planning which serves the overall strategic goal of the enterprise.As a result,human resource management will play an important role in the development of China’s pharmaceutical industry.

Research on the Status Quo and Countermeasures of Human Resource Management Outsourcing in China’s Pharmaceutical Enterprises

Objective To explore the current situation of human resource management outsourcing in China’s pharmaceutical enterprises,and to put forward some suggestions for enterprises and the government.Methods The current situation of human resource management outsourcing in China’s pharmaceutical enterprises was analyzed through the method of literature research.Results and Conclusion At present,the status of human resource management outsourcing in China’s pharmaceutical companies is that the level of human resource outsourcing companies is not high,and there are no relevant industry norms and laws.The information asymmetry between pharmaceutical enterprises and outsourcing companies results in adverse selection and moral hazard.Besides,the different culture of pharmaceutical enterprises and outsourcing companies leads to inefficient communication between enterprises and employee.To solve these problems,the government should promote and improve industry norms and laws to regulate the market.In addition,enterprises should clarify the motivation for outsourcing and make good decision on the outsourcing content.Meanwhile,enterprises should strengthen communication with employees to eliminate employees’concerns.

Opportunities, Challenges, and Countermeasures of China Myanmar Economic and Trade Cooperation under the Background of RCEP

China and Myanmar are geographically adjacent and have close economic and trade cooperation. China has been Myanmar’s largest trading partner and largest source of investment for many consecutive years. With the official entry into force of RCEP (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership) for Myanmar on May 1, 2022, the reduction of trade tariffs on goods and flexible rules of origin between China and Myanmar will undoubtedly bring more practical results to China Myanmar economic and trade cooperation. However, the implementation of RCEP in Myanmar may face a series of challenges such as poor business environment, weak human resource management, and outdated infrastructure construction. Finally, the article provides countermeasures for China Myanmar economic and trade cooperation from three aspects: optimizing the business environment to attract Chinese investment, increasing investment in education and training to improve labor quality, strengthening infrastructure construction to enhance economic support.

Operational Problems and Countermeasures of Public Elective Courses in Higher Vocational Colleges and Universities Based on the Perspective of Academic Affairs Management:Taking Guangdong C Vocational College as an Example

With the vigorous development of higher vocational education,public elective courses,as one of the core components of the higher vocational curriculum system,occupy a pivotal position.Based on the perspective of academic affairs management and taking Guangdong C Vocational College as an example,this paper meticulously analyzes the operational problems in the declaration,setting,teaching,and management of public elective courses through questionnaire surveys and other methods.It also puts forward a series of targeted solutions,with a view to continuously improving the teaching quality and management level of public elective courses.

A Study on the Internal Control and Countermeasures of Fixed Assets in Private Universities:A Case Study of N College

Fixed assets in universities occupy an important position in university management due to their wide coverage and large amount of money.Due to insufficient funding supply,private universities mainly focus on the allocation and utilization of fixed assets,which reflects the overall characteristics of cautious allocation,maximum utilization,and delayed elimination in the actual management of fixed assets.This article aims to conduct research and analysis on the entire lifecycle process of the allocation,use,and disposal of fixed assets in private universities,summarize the problems existing in the internal control of fixed assets in private universities,and propose corresponding countermeasures and suggestions in a targeted manner.

Features of Tropical Volcanic Rock and Soil of Jakarta-Bandung HSR and Engineering Countermeasures

The geological features of three types of tropical volcanic rock and soil distributed along Jakarta-Bandung high-speed railway(HSR),including pozzolanic clayey soil,mud shale and deep soft soil,are studied through field and laboratory tests.The paper analyzes the mechanism and causes of engineering geological problems caused by tropical volcanic rock and soil and puts forward measures to control subgrade slope instability by rationally determining project type,making side slope stability control and strengthening waterproofing and drainage.The“zero front slope”tunneling technology at the portal,the simplified excavation method of double-side wall heading and the cross brace construction method of arch protection within the semi-open cut row pile frame in the“mountainside”eccentrically loaded soft soil stratum are adopted to control the instability of tunnel side and front slopes,foundation pits and working faces;CFG or pipe piles shall be used to reinforce soft and expansive foundation or replacement measures shall be taken,and the scheme of blind ditch+double-layer water sealing in ballastless track section shall be put forward to prevent arching deformation of foundation;the treatment measures of CFG pile,pipe pile and vacuum combined piled preloading are adopted to improve the bearing capacity of foundation in deep soft soil section and solve the problems of settlement control and uneven settlement.These engineering countermeasures have been applied during the construction of Jakarta-Bandung HSR and achieved good results.

Current Situation and Countermeasures of Antibiotic Pollu-tion in the Surface Water of the Yangtze River Basin in a Province of Central China

Antibiotics are widely used in the process of human medical treatment,livestock and poultry breeding,and aquaculture.With the excretion of urine and feces,they enter the water environment of human life and become an important source of water environment pollution.Antibiotic residues in the environment have high ecological and health risks.Through the pilot monitoring of antibiotics in the main stream of the Yangtze River,Chaohu Lake and the drinking water source of Hefei City,the current situation and impact of antibiotic pollution were analyzed.The results show that 32 kinds of antibiotics and their derivatives of the six major categories involved were detected to varying degrees,and the concentrations at some points reached 1.26μg/L.Finally,the prevention and control of antibiotic pollution in the surface water of the Yangtze River basin in a province of central China were summarized,and relevant suggestions were given.

Existing Problems and Countermeasures of Rural Industry Development in Bijie Experimental Area

The development of rural industries in Bijie City of Guizhou Province leads the comprehensive rural revitalization with industrial revitalization,takes high-quality development as the overall guide,focuses on industrial scale,standardization,branding,and marketization,and strives to extend the industrial chain and enhance the value chain to achieve the prosperity of rural industries.In this study,it investigated the current situation of rural industry development in Bijie City(improving the quality and efficiency of characteristic industries,expanding the quantity and efficiency of agricultural products processing industry,recruiting and cultivating large business entities,expanding and strengthening the brand of agricultural products,and upgrading the rural tourism).Through analysis,it found that there are problems such as small scale of production enterprises,insufficient cultivation of independent brands,short industrial chain,low added value,weak market expansion ability,imperfect interest connection mechanism,and insufficient participation of farmers.Finally,it came up with countermeasures for the development of rural industries in Bijie City,including improving supporting facilities and building an extension base;strengthening leading enterprises and focus on deep processing;highlighting regional characteristics and paying close attention to the docking of production and marketing;enhancing the characteristic brand and strengthening the support of science and technology;promoting collaboration and support,and making innovation in the connection of interests.

Development of radiation countermeasure agents for acute radiation syndromes

The risk of internal and external exposure to ionizing radiation(IR)has increased alongside the development and implementation of nuclear technology.Therefore,serious security issues have emerged globally,and there has been an increase in the number of studies focusing on radiological prevention and medical countermeasures.Radioprotective drugs are particularly important components of emergency medical preparedness strategies for the clinical management of IR-induced injuries.However,a few drugs have been approved to date to treat such injuries,and the related mechanisms are not entirely understood.Thus,the aim of the present review was to provide a brief overview of the World Health Organization's updated list of essential medicines for 2023 for the proper management of national stockpiles and the treatment of radiological emergencies.This review also discusses the types of radiation-induced health injuries and the related mechanisms,as well as the development of various radioprotective agents,including Chinese herbal medicines,for which significant survival benefits have been demonstrated in animal models of acute radiation syndrome.

Prions:a threat to health security and the need for effective medical countermeasures

Prions are infectious conformations of certain naturally occurring proteins.These misfolded proteins can struc­turally alter healthy protein,creating misfolded copies that repeat the process and form protein aggregates that lead to neuronal cell death.Although years can pass from initial prion infection to clinical presentation of symp­toms,onset of symptoms is typically followed by rapid neurological decline resulting in death.Prion diseases have been characterized in animals ranging from sheep and cattle to cervids and humans,with notable cross-species infections such as the variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.Thus,prions present a health risk with the potential to disrupt major food sources as well affect human health through animal to human and human to human trans­mission events.While human to human prion transmission is rare and the immediate risks for a prion-facilitated pandemic are low,prions are a class of pathogens for which we are underprepared.In addition,prions,and prion disease-like approaches,have also been discussed in the context of biological weapons and toxins,adding another layer of complexity surrounding biosecurity and biodefense.These threats underscore the need for increased scrutiny and research on prions.Here,pharmaceutical and nonpharmaceutical prion-specific interventions are discussed.Recent advances in prion therapeutic development are also briefly highlighted,and a set of policy rec­ommendations are given that aims to provide high level suggestions for the prevention and mitigation of prion diseases.

Limiting Factors and Countermeasures for the Development of Biological Herbicides

This paper mainly analyzes the main limiting factors in the development of biological herbicides,such as narrow herbicidal spectrum,vulnerable to environmental impacts,difficulties in preparing dosage forms,difficult separation and low yield of active substances,biological safety,etc.Moreover,countermeasures and suggestions are put forward,including strengthening the study of biological screening of herbicidal activity,microbial metabolites and their use as lead compounds,dosage forms,fungi complex formulation,fungi and herbicide complex formulation,and fermentation technology.