Discourse Analysis of the Belt and Road Initiative From the Perspective of Central Asian Countries: A Case Study of the Republic of Kazakhstan

This study employs Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis(CDA)three-dimensional model,using the Republic of Kazakhstan as a case study,to delve into the discourse construction of China’s Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)in Central Asian countries.Through detailed analysis of policy documents,media reports,and public discussions in Central Asian countries,this paper reveals how the BRI constructs specific social practices,discourse events,and textual meanings within these nations.The findings indicate that through this global development strategy,China has not only strengthened its economic ties with Central Asian countries but has also exerted profound influences on political,cultural,and social levels.

Unified Symmetry of Nonholonomic Mechanical Systems with Non-Chetaev＇s Type Constraints

Based on the total time derivative along the trajectory of the system, the unified symmetry of nonholonomic mechanical system with non-Chetaev＇s type constraints is studied. The definition and criterion of the unified symmetry of nonholonomic mechanical systems with non-Ohetaev＇s type constraints are given. A new conserved quantity, as well as the Noether conserved quantity and the Hojman conserved quantity, deduced from the unified symmetry, is obtained. Two examples are given to illustrate the application of the results.

Unified Equation of Fundamental Forces’ Coupling Values, and the Existence of Subsequent, Fifth and Other, Forces

This paper provides an equation to entangle all known fundamental forces by employing their coupling constants, i.e., strong (αs), electromagnetic (α), weak (αw), and gravitational (αg) interaction coupling values. The constant coupling formulation is further indicative of many other fundamental forces with significantly weaker coupling values. As an example, the fifth fundamental force, Kashi’s Force, is found to have a coupling constant of 10-1446, which is significantly smaller than the smallest known fundamental force, gravitational force, with an approximate coupling constant value of 10-38. Additionally, the paper finds the sum of all fundamental forces based on the equation proposed is equal to 0.118065, which is within the range of effective world value of the strong coupling constant αs(M2z).

基于S7-PLCSIM Advanced和WinCC Unified通讯应用研究

SIMATIC WinCC Unified属于西门子新一代HMI开发产品,新增了基于HTML5/SVG技术的多种创新型控件。操作员仅需要通过安装支持HTML5的Web浏览器的终端设备控制和监视生产。通过仿真软件S7-PLCSIM Advanced对PLC进行仿真,达到了PLC与WinCC Unified PC通讯的目的。

Unified Symmetry of Nonholonomic Mechanical Systems of Non-Chetaev＇s Type with Unilateral Constraints

The definition and the criterion for a unified symmetry of nonholonomic mechanical systems of non- Chetaev＇s type with unilateral constraints are presented based on the total time derivative along the trajectory of the system. A new conserved quantity, as well as the Noether conserved quantity and the Hojman conserved quantity, deduced froth the unified symmetry, is obtained. An example is given to illustrate the application of the results.

Crohn’s disease in low and lower-middle income countries: A scoping review

BACKGROUND While Crohn’s disease has been studied extensively in high-income countries,its epidemiology and care in low and lower-middle income countries(LLMICs)is not well established due to a lack of disease registries and diagnostic capacity.AIM To describe the published burden,diagnostic/treatment capacity,service utilization,challenges/barriers to individuals with Crohn’s in LLMICs and their providers.METHODS We conducted a scoping review utilizing a full search strategy was developed and conducted in PubMed,Embase and World Health Organization Global Index Medicus.Two independent reviewers screened the titles and abstracts of all of the publications found in this search,reviewed selected publications,and extracted relevant data,which underwent descriptive review and was analyzed in Excel.RESULTS The database search yielded 4486 publications,216 of which were determined to be relevant to the research questions.Of all 79 LLMICs,only 21(26.6%)have publications describing individuals with Crohn’s.Overall,the highest number of studies came from India,followed by Tunisia,and Egypt.The mean number of Crohn’s patients reported per study is 57.84 and the median is 22,with a wide range from one to 980.CONCLUSION This scoping review has shown that,although there is a severe lack of populationbased data about Crohn’s in LLMICs,there is a signal of Crohn’s in these settings around the world.

ZTE's Unified Service Platform

Inheriting all the advantages of Intelligent Network (IN), ZTE's Unified Service Platform has unique features. By separating billing functionality from Service Control Point(SCP) and adopting Diameter protocol to connect the external billing unit, it has much more freedom to perform pre-paid and post-paid services convergence. The platform is a truly open system with Parlay/Open Service Architecture (Parlay/OSA) standards followed, and able to open Application Programming Interfaces (API) to the third parties for service development. ZTE's unified service platform, a leading IN into the future, is a good choice for network operators.

How China's young economists see the country's economy

The Institute of Industrial Economics at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and China Business Journal jointly conducted an online survey on the thinking and research of China’s young economists on the country’s economic issues. The survey lasted from June 17 to June 26,2009.

Research Report on China's Policy toward Central/East European Countries

With the admission of eight Central/East European countries in May 1, 2004 in sight, realization of the objective of EU’s first phase eastern extension will signify a major step toward the concept of "a Europe kept far away from war" through promoting regional integration.

Drude, Hall and Maximal Conductivities: A Unified Complex Model

By adopting a complex formulation of Ohm’s law, we arrive at combined equations connecting the conductivities of conductors. The horizontal resistivity is equal to the inverse of Drude’s conductivity δo( ), and the vertical resistivity (ρy) is equal to the Hall’s conductivity ( δH). At high magnetic field, the horizontal conductivity becomes exceedingly small, whereas the vertical conductivity equals to Hall’s conductivity. The Hall’s conductivity is shown to represent the maximal conductivity of conductors. Drude’s and Hall’s conductivities are related by δo =δHωC , where ωC is the cyclotron frequency, and is the relaxation time. The quantization of Hall’s conductivity is attributed to the fact that the magnetic flux enclosed by the conductor is carried by electrons each with h/e, where h is the Planck’s constant and e is the electron’s charge. The Drude’s conductance is found to be equal to Hall's conductance provided the magnetic flux enclosed by the conductor is a multiple of h/e.

How to Implement Change in Asthma Management in a Developing Country

The goal of asthma management is to control symptoms, reduce the need for short acting beta agonist, and maintain optimal pulmonary function, and normal physical activities. Uncontrolled asthma can lead to obesity, suboptimal pulmonary function, poor quality of life and mortality. Children with bronchial asthma in River State University Teaching Hospital were just receiving acute care in the emergency room with no concrete plan for a follow up care for their chronic asthma;as a result most of the patients had uncontrolled asthma. In the hospital, the situation led to increased emergency hospitalization, resulting in decreased bed availability, increased burden on manpower and health resource utilization thereby putting more pressure on the limited health resources. Using the Kotter’s model for change management, transformational and situational leadership style, the change in the desired quality and scope of health service rendered to asthmatic patients was successfully implemented;as a result there was a decrease in emergency room visit for acute asthma by 57.5% and an increase in the uptake of scheduled clinic visits for asthma control services. The effect of these changes was an improvement in the control of asthma and quality of life of our patient cohort. Implementation of change in health service delivery is a delicate process that needs a stepwise approach in order to successfully implement and sustain the desired change.

An Analysis of China's Trade Balances with Other Countries and Regions

This article utilizes a large amount of statistical data to analyze the global distribution of foreign trade in China since 1990,as well as the factors involved and the changes in trends.The research results indicate that China has gained a favourable balance against developed countries and a disadvantageous balance against developing countries;China enjoys a trade surplus with North American and European countries while suffering deficits with those in the Asia.pacific region,as well as with resource-abundant Australia,Africa and South America. With regard to trends,the structure of China’s foreign trade will not undergo fundamental changes in the short term,but in the long run will be transformed in line with restructuring of the growth pattern.

Lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic response in China,Italy,and the U.S.:a guide for Africa and low-and middle-income countries

Africa can be"left behind"after other advanced continents recover from the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic as reflected by the global pandemic of HIV/MDS.In this paper,we summarize potentially adaptable,effective and innovative strategies from China,Italy,and the U.S.The purpose is to help African countries with weaker healthcare systems better respond to the COVID-19 pandemic.China,being the first to report COVID-19 infection swiftly swung into anti-epidemic actions by the use of innovative risk communication and epidemic containment strategies.Italy and U.S.,the next rapidly hit countries after China,however,experienced sustained infections and deaths due to delayed and ineffective response.Many African countries responded poorly to the COVID-19 pandemic as evidenced by the limited capacity for public health surveillance,poor leadership,low education and socioeconomic status,among others.Experience from China,Italy and U.S.suggests that a better response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Mrica needs a strong public health leadership,proactive strategies,innovative risk communication about the pandemic,massive tests and isolation,and scaling-up community engagement.Lastly,African countries must collaborate with other countries to facilitate real-time information and experience exchange with other countries to avoid being left behind.

Nanjing’s Cultural Exchanges with Foreign Countries

AS an ancient capital city,Nanj-ing has a long history of cul-tural exchanges with foreigncountries.The ruler of the Kingdom ofEastern Wu(222-280 A.D.)sent en-voys to over 100 states in Hainan andSoutheast Asian islands.Some of thestates paid return visits.For instance,in243 the ruler of Funan(present-dayCambodia)sent a musical group to theEastern Wu King,who then built aFunan Music Hall for court maids tolearn Funan music and dances.Dur-ing the Southem Dynasties(420-589A.D.)exchanges with foreign countriesincreased and Funan sent envoysto Jianye and Jiankang(present-dayNanjing)over 30 times.Ancient SriLanka,which was known as the LionState in ancient China,Tianzhu(an-cient India).Persia,the Korean Penin-

Informed consent process: ethical and practical challenges in clinical trials regarding subject enrollment, protection, and informed consent in developing countries (India, Pakistan & Iran)

In this study,we are discussing the rationale behind informed consent in clinical trials in developing countries.It elaborates how informed consent has remained an ethical and practical issue.Poverty,endemic diseases,and a lack of investment in healthcare systems influence the ease of conducting and selecting trials that can benefit the people of developing countries.Differences in cultural perspectives,religious beliefs,a lack of formal training for clinical staff,children,time zone difference,literacy,vulnerable population,and language barriers for subject enrollment,protection,and informed are also challenges.This report doesn’t only highlight the right the wrongs of the past or reiterate cases where clinical trials have hurt subjects in developing countries.The current study investigates the conditions of human research in developing countries to make them more ethically sound.The extends proposals to investigators,scientists,governments,sponsors,and other groups who are interested where appropriate.

The Game between FDI and the Beneficial Policies of Host Country

Foreign direct investment （FDI） has great function to the growth of the economy in various countries. The beneficial policies of the foreign capitals are the main means to various countries to absorb FDI. Utilizing this means appropriately and designing beneficial policies, which can make the host country get the maximized revenue of utilizing FDI, are the key to absorb FDI effectively. In this paper, we set up a game model between the level of the host country＇s beneficial policies and the scale of FDI, and analyze what the key factors that influence the level of host country＇s beneficial policies are and how to decide the level of beneficial policies according to these key factors.

Forge Ahead with Major-Country Diplomacy with Chinese Features

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China's diplomacy has progressed toward major achievements in ideological concepts, strategic operations and practical innovation. In its role as responsible major power, China achieved fruitful results in building generally stable major-country relationships for balanced development. It remains actively involved in hotspot issues in its surrounding area, with Korea, India and the South China Sea especially, to defuse tension. Amid a diminished willingness of many countries to participate in serious global problems, and with difficulties facing multilateral regimes, China was proactive, holding multilateral summits and hosting diplomacy platforms to cope with worldwide challenges and to gather international consensus on safeguarding world peace and seeking common development. The 19th Party Congress gained unprecedented international attention. Socialism with Chinese characteristics has taken on a new look, and China's diplomacy will continue progressing toward a favorable external environment for the country's development.

China's Regulations on Cultural Exchanges with Foreign Countries

China's cultural exchanges with foreign countries follow cen- tralized administration by the Ministry of Culture.On June 27,1997,the Ministry of Culture promul- gated the Regulations on Foreign Cultural and Artistic Performances and Exhibi-

A People's Gala to Promote Mutual Under standing between China and Other Countries——2012 Understanding and Cooperation Dialogue held by CAFIU

正The Understanding and Cooperation Dialogue, Sponsored by the Chinese Association for International Understanding (CAFIU) and the China Foundation for Peace and Development (CFPD), and Co-organized by the Chinese People' s Association for Peace and