Complete leaky mode coupling in dual-core photonic crystal fibre based on the coupled-mode theory

This paper theoretically investigates the dependence of leaky mode coupling between inner core fundamental mode and outer core defect mode on phase and loss matching in pure silica dual-core photonic crystal fibres with the multi-pole method. The complete mode coupling can take place when both the phase and loss matching conditions are satisfied at the avoided anti-crossing wavelength. It shows the influences of cladding structure parameters including the diameters of cladding air holes d1, diameters of outer core holes d2 and hole to hole pitch A on the characteristics of leaky modes coupling. The coupled-mode theory is used to analyse the mode transition characteristics and the complete coupling can be clearly indicated by comparing the real and imaginary parts of propagation constant of the leaky modes.

Analysis and engineering of coupled cavity waveguides based on coupled-mode theory

The analytical expression for the transmission spectra of coupled cavity waveguides （CCWs） in photonic crystals （PCs） is derived based on the coupled-mode theory （CMT）. Parameters in the analytical expression can be extracted by simple numerical simulations. We reveal that it is the phase shift between the two adjacent PC defects that uniquely determines the flatness of the impurity bands of CCWs. In addition, it is found that the phase shift also greatly affects the bandwidth of CCWs. Thus, the engineering of the impurity bands of CCWs can be realized through the adjustment of the phase shift. Based on the theoretical results, an interesting phenomenon in which a CCW acts as a single PC defect and its impurity band possesses a Lorentz lineshape is predicted. Very good agreement between the analytical results and the numerical simulations based on transfer matrix method has been achieved.

Calculation of the Coupling Coefficient of Twin-Core Fiber Based on the Supermode Theory with Finite Element Method

Currently, coupled mode theory (CMT) is widely used for calculating the coupling coefficient of twin-core fibers (TCFs) that are used in a broad range of important applications. This approach is highly accurate for scenarios with weak coupling between the cores but shows significant errors in the strong coupling scenarios, necessitating the use of a more accurate method for coupling coefficient calculations. Therefore, in this work, we calculate the coupling coefficients of TCFs using the supermode theory with finite element method (FEM) that has higher accuracy than CMT, particularly for the strong coupling TCF. To investigate the origin of the differences between the results obtained by these two methods, the modal field distributions of the supermodes of TCF are simulated and analyzed in detail.

Roll System and Stock's Multi-parameter Coupling Dynamic Modeling Based on the Shape Control of Steel Strip

The existence of rolling deformation area in the rolling mill system is the main characteristic which dis- tinguishes the other machinery. In order to analyze the dynamic property of roll system＇s flexural deformation, it is necessary to consider the transverse periodic movement of stock in the rolling deformation area which is caused by the flexural deformation movement of roll system simul- taneously. Therefore, the displacement field of roll system and flow of metal in the deformation area is described by kinematic analysis in the dynamic system. Through intro- ducing the lateral displacement function of metal in the deformation area, the dynamic variation of per unit width rolling force can be determined at the same time. Then the coupling law caused by the co-effect of rigid movement and flexural deformation of the system structural elements is determined. Furthermore, a multi-parameter coupling dynamic model of the roll system and stock is established by the principle of virtual work. More explicitly, the cou- pled motion modal analysis was made for the roll system. Meanwhile, the analytical solutions for the flexural defor- mation movement＇s mode shape functions of rolls are discussed. In addition, the dynamic characteristic of the lateral flow of metal in the rolling deformation area has been analyzed at the same time. The establishment ofdynamic lateral displacement function of metal in the deformation area makes the foundation for analyzing the coupling law between roll system and rolling deformation area, and provides a theoretical basis for the realization of the dynamic shape control of steel strip.

Multi-mode coupling analysis of a sub-terahertz band planar corrugated Bragg reflector

Planar Bragg reflector operating in the sub-terahertz wavelength installed at the upstream end of a sheet beam back- ward wave oscillator （BWO） is very promising to minimize the whole circuit structure and make it more compact. In this paper, a sub-terahertz wavelength （0.18-0.22 THz） tunable planar Bragg reflector is numerically analyzed by using multi-mode coupling theory （MCT）. The operating mode TE10 and dominant coupling mode TE01 are mainly considered in this theory. Reflection and transmission performance of the reflector are demonstrated in detail and the results, in excellent agreement with the theoretical analysis and simulation, are also presented in this paper. Self- and cross-coupling coefficients between these two modes are presented as well. The reflector behaviors with different Bragg dimensions are discussed and analyzed in the 0.16-0.22 THz range. The analysis in this paper can be of benefit to the design and fabrication of the whole BWO circuit.

Mode-Coupling Analysis of Parametric Decay Instability in Magnetized Plasmas

In this paper, derived from Maxwell and fluid equations of plasmas, unified nonlinear wave equations are used to describe the parametric decay instability （PDI） in magnetized plasmas, and in view of mode-coupling, we can obtain all the possible PDI channels. By solving the nonlinear equations with a mode-coupling method, we obtain the growth rate of the PDI, of which all of the three waves are ordinary mode （O-mode） or extraordinary mode （X-mode） wave. Under the dipole approximation, an explicit formula of the growth rate of the X-mode and the condition of the equilibrium density scale are obtained. According to the existence conditions of three X-mode waves, this kind of instability might exist in ECRH with the second harmonic X-mode wave.

Fiber core mode leakage induced by refractive index variation in high-power fiber laser

This paper presents an investigation of specific optical fiber core mode leakage behavior that occurs in high-power double-clad fiber lasers as a result of thermally-induced refractive index variations. A model of the power transfer between the core modes and the cladding modes during thermally-induced refractive index variations is established based on the mode coupling theory. The results of numerical simulations based on actual laser parameters are presented. Experimental measurements were also carried out, the results showed good agreement with the corresponding simulation results.

Nonlinearity analysis of piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers based on couple stress theory

This paper studies the static deformation behavior of a piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer （PMUT） actuated by a strong external electric field. The transducer membrane consists of a piezoelectric layer, a passive layer and two electrode layers. The nonlinearities of the piezoelectric layer caused by electrostriction under a strong electric field are analyzed. Because the thickness of the transducer membrane is on the microscale, the size dependence of the deformation behavior is evaluated using the couple stress theory. The results show that the optimal ratio of the top electrode diameter and the membrane diameter is around 0.674. It is also found that this optimal value does not depend on any other parameters if the thicknesses of the two electrodes are negligible compared with those of the piezo- electric and passive layers. In addition, the nonlinearities of the piezoelectric layer will become stronger along with the increase of the electric field, which means that softening of the membrane stiffness occurs when a strong external electric field is applied. Meanwhile, the optimal thickness ratio for the passive layer and the piezoelectric layer is not equal to 1.0 which is usually adopted by previous researchers. Because there exists size dependence of membrane deforma-tion, the optimal value of this thickness ratio needs to be greater than 1.0 on the microscale.

Denisov-type quasi-optical mode converter forhigher-order asymmetric volume mode gyrotron

The principle and design method of Denisov-type quasi-optical mode converter is investigated indetail. The operation process of the Denisov-type launcher is analyzed by applying the geometrical optics, andthe Gaussian-like field distribution achieved on the waveguide wall is also derived. The method for designing arippled-wall launcher is proposed on the basis of coupled mode theory. A simulation code for Denisov-type qua-si-optical mode converter GQOMC-D is developed based on coupled mode theory, vector diffraction integrationand physical optics, which is compared to the design parameters and experimental results reported in literaturefor its validity. According to this code, a Denisov-type quasi-optical mode converter used in 110 GHz TE22.6mode gyrotron oscillators is designed. Simulation results indicate that a Gaussian-like beam is obtained at theoutput window with a scalar content of 98.4 % and a conversion efficiency of 94.7 %.

Coupling reaction mechanism of 2-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-1-cyclohexen-1-yl trifluoromethane-sulfonate

The detailed mechanism of CuI-catalyzed C-O intramolecular coupling reaction of 2-（2-bromo-4-fluoro-phenyl）-l- cyclohexen-1-yl trifluoromethane-sulfonate was studied with the density functional theory （DFT）. The geometries of the reactants, transition states, intermediates and products were optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 ＋G＊ level. Meanwhile, the single point energy of species involved in gas and solvent at B3LYP/6-31 I＋G＊ level was individually investigated. Polarizable continuum models （PCM） were applied to the dioxane and water solutions at the same level, respectively. Results show that the rate-limiting step, M3→TS3, does not change in different solutions. However, the activation energy in a dioxane solution is lower than that in water, which explains the previous experimental results. Compared with the non-catalyzed reaction process, the activation energy of the rate- limiting step is reduced by 56.53 kJ mo1-1 in gas and 44.84 kJ mol-l in solvent, demonstrating a high catalytic efficiency of CuI.

基于法布里-珀罗腔的可调谐连续域束缚态及应用

优异的光学吸收器一直具备着高品质因数和完美吸收的特性,然而,这类吸收器通常会受到传统表面等离子体共振带来的欧姆损耗,制约其在实际应用中的吸收性能.本文提出了一种基于法布里-珀罗腔的可调谐连续域束缚态(bound state in the continuum,BIC),通过调整模型的参数,可将BIC可以转变为准BIC,在连续谱中实现了100%的完美吸收.在本文中,采用干涉理论探究了影响完美吸收的因素,用耦合模理论和阻抗匹配理论对准BIC进行理论计算,采用电场和磁场理论解释了吸收器完美吸收的物理机制.与传统吸收器相比,该吸收器具有优异的结构参数鲁棒性和广泛的BIC调控范围.更重要的是,该吸收器具有出色的传感性能,其最大灵敏度可达34 nm/RIU,最大品质因数为9.5.最后,该吸收器还实现了双频的开光性能,其中双频开关的最大调制深度和最小插入损耗分别为99.4%和0.0004 dB.这些研究结果在光子学、光通信、传感器技术等领域具有重要意义.

基于宇称时间对称的P-SP拓扑无线电能传输系统特性分析

宇称时间(PT)对称原理已经被验证可以作为提高无线电能传输系统自由度的有力工具,但基于PT对称的并联-并联(P-P)拓扑结构无线电能传输(WPT)系统的工作范围仍然受到限制。为解决这一问题,提出了一种基于PT对称原理的并联-串并联(P-SP)补偿WPT系统。通过等效电路法化简系统电路模型,并利用耦合模理论(CMT)分析电容分配比对振荡频率、临界耦合系数、满足系统进入PT对称区域的耦合系数和负载电阻值范围以及传输效率等工作性能的影响。构建样机开展实验,以检验所提方法的适用性,结果表明:可以在仅损失2%系统传输效率的情况下,将传输距离由110 mm扩大到210 mm,该操作可为扩大应用范围、增加应用场景、优化激光无线充电系统中发送模块单元和接收模块单元的工作性能做准备。

OBE理念下《物流生产运营管理课程》“理论-案例-实验-实践”耦合模式的教学改革

物流生产运营管理课程在物流相关专业中处于核心地位,优化物流生产运营管理课程教学设计与教学模式对于专业建设与人才培养都大有裨益。文章基于OBE理念,分析了物流生产运营管理课程的知识特点,提出“理论-案例-实验-实践”耦合模式的教学改革,让学生在日后的岗位上,能够以综合视角管理和协调物流和生产运营活动、物流规划与优化以及良好的协调与沟通,提高物流运作效率,确保其有效运营。从而达成本课程提高学生物流管理实践能力的教学目标,提高教学质量。

9．4GHz过模光滑壁TE11-HE11模式变换器设计

采用半径微扰的光滑壁圆波导产生HE11模,避免了常规微波领域中采用的波纹渐变转换器在高功率微波领域应用时易发生齿间打火的不足。采用基于模式耦合理论的迭代综合方法优化了不规则的半径渐变轮廓,使输出产生组成HE11模的混合模式。并通过全电磁波仿真软件进行了对比,输出波束标量高斯含量在9.1～9.7GHz范围内均高于99.5%,功率容量4.9GW。

TE_(01)-TE_(11)模式变换器的迭代设计方法

对模式变换器的迭代设计方法做了改进:给出了合理的迭代步长初始值取值方式;在迭代时只考虑了贡献较大的几条耦合线,而忽略了贡献小的耦合线,从而改善带宽。利用改进的迭代设计方法设计了波导直径与自由空间波长比值为2.765 5的TE01-TE11模式变换器,总长度为600mm,相对带宽为6%,中心频率转换效率为99.14%,总计算时间为40s。利用CST软件进行了仿真验证,结果吻合较好。

TE_(01)-TE_(11)模式转换器的带宽特性

针对模式转换器设计中在相同的中心频点转换效率下模式转换器越短带宽越宽的传统观点,研究发现了最佳长度的存在,即当结构长度大于最佳长度时,带宽随着结构长度增加而减小,当结构长度小于最佳长度时,带宽随着结构长度增加而增加。通过对中心频率35GHz、半径13.6mm的TE01-TE11模式转换器进行的验证发现,最佳长度为550mm,此时带宽达到最大值6.28%。

荷载作用下多孔饱和地基的热-水-力耦合动力响应分析

基于广义热弹性理论,结合达西定律,对Biot波动方程进行修正,研究了一个受到荷载作用的多孔饱和地基的热-水-力多场耦合动态响应问题。建立了多孔饱和地基在荷载作用下的热-水-力耦合模型及控制方程,该模型可退化为热弹性耦合模型。采用正则模态法求解,得到了问题的解析解,讨论了热-水-力耦合模型和热弹性耦合模型的区别,分析了荷载频率变化对地基中各物理量的影响。最终给出了无量纲的竖向位移、超孔隙水压力、竖向应力和温度等物理量的分布规律。

基于乙醇密封共振腔金属-介质-金属波导的高性能温度和折射率两用传感器

为了提高现有的亚波长量级温度传感器和折射率传感器的各项工作性能,本文基于表面等离激元提出了一种拥有尖锐峰的高灵敏度、高集成度的环八边形表面等离子体共振传感器.理论分析了以乙醇作为热敏填充材料使温度和有效折射率建立线性转换关系的可行性,并利用多模耦合模式理论(MICMT)对该传感器的透射峰进行了拟合和理论分析,再利用有限元法(FEM)进行了仿真分析,理论结果和仿真结果高度匹配.然后对环八边形共振腔的各项参数进行了有限元数值模拟,计算得出该传感器的最佳参数设置.和以往结构设计对比,该两用传感器拥有工作波段范围广、半峰全宽窄、易于集成等诸多优点,作为传感器的温度灵敏度和折射率灵敏度分别高达0.9 nm/℃和2400 nm/RIU.该结构兼具一些传统腔体的优点,为以后基于表面等离激元设计的微纳光子温度传感和折射率传感两用器件提供了一种高性能的腔体选择.

耦合模理论及其在ID-Tag器件分析中的应用

耦合模理论广泛应用于低插损滤波器的分析和设计中。文章首先对耦合模理论在声表面波领域中的应用以及方程形式、参数提取方法等方面的发展进行了回顾。给出了利用耦合模理论分析无线 ID- Tag器件的方法 ,给出了 YZ- L i Nb O3压电基片上四条开路叉指反射栅的 ID- Tag器件的频域和时域仿真结果。对影响器件插损和多次反射的基片类型、金属化厚度等因素进行了讨论 。

螺旋波导TE_(m1)-TE_(11)模式转换器的设计

基于耦合波理论,对螺旋波导(蛇形线微扰)94 GHz、6周期TE01-TE11模式转换器和10.24GHz4、周期TE31-TE11模式转换器进行了设计和数值分析。通过解耦合波方程得出模式转换器中各模式成分的比例关系,并对转换器的参数做进一步修正,然后利用电磁仿真软件进行模拟。两种转换器在中心频率处的模拟转换效率均达到98%以上,95%以上带宽超过2 GHz,仿真结果与理论分析吻合得较好。