Coupling and coordination relationship of tourism inclusive green growth system:Evidence from Shandong Province

Sustainable growth is a prerequisite for high-quality development,and inclusive green growth is regarded as an important way to realize sustainable growth.This paper constructs a tourism inclusive green growth index(IGGI)system based on the 2018 Asian Development Bank IGGI.Using Shandong Province from 2017 to 2019,the entropy weight method is utilized to explore the degree of coupling and coordination among the subsystems of tourism inclusive green growth.The study shows that:(1)the tourism IGGI continues to grow;(2)in the tourism inclusive green growth system,the social equity subsystem shows a trend of steady improvement;and(3)in the system,there is a slight discordance between the economic growth subsystem and the environmental sustainability subsystem.The study aims to provide the scientific basis for the high-quality development of tourism and theoretical support for the field of tourism and environmental sustainability.

A nonlinear discrete integrable coupling system and its infinite conservation laws

We construct a nonlinear integrable coupling of discrete soliton hierarchy, and establish the infinite conservation laws （CLs） for the nonlinear integrable coupling of the lattice hierarchy. As an explicit application of the method proposed in the paper, the infinite conservation laws of the nonlinear integrable coupling of the Volterra lattice hierarchy are presented.

RENEWAL OF BASIC LAWS AND PRINCIPLES FOR POLAR CON-TINUUM THEORIES (Ⅱ)—MICROMORPHIC CONTINUUM THEORY AND COUPLE STRESS THEORY

The purpose is to reestablish the balance laws of momentum, angular momentum and energy and to derive the corresponding local and nonlocal balance equations for micromorphic continuum mechanics and couple stress theory. The desired results for micromorphic continuum mechanics and couple stress theory are naturally obtained via direct transitions and reductions from the coupled conservation law of energy for micropolar continuum theory, respectively. The basic balance laws and equations for micromorphic continuum mechanics and couple stress theory are constituted by combining these results derived here and the traditional conservation laws and equations of mass and microinertia and the entropy inequality. The incomplete degrees of the former related continuum theories are clarified. Finally, some special cases are conveniently derived.

Tracking and Monitoring Leaf Development, Coupling Law and Regulation Techniques during Flowering Period of Hybrid Foxtail Millet (<i>Setaria italica</i>(L.) P. Beauv.) Parental Lines

The determining factor of Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv. is the coupling of its flowering stage and outcrossing rate which leads to low and unstable seed yields in self-pollinated foxtail millet hybrids and thereby limits their large-scale application. In this study, Datong 27, Datong 29 and gu 83 were screened and identified through meticulous observations of their pollination habitats. High exposure rate, degree of exposure and plump of stigma are good factors to accept foreign pollen. Datong 27 and Datong 29 have some additional characteristics, such as long filaments and exposed and full anthers that contain a large amount of pollen. We transformed into a series of stigma-exposed and plump sterile lines that easily accepted exotic pollen. New restorer lines with anthers that were full of powder and exhibited quick recovery, which improved the parental lines’ heterosexual characteristics. By tracking and monitoring the leaf development of the new sterile and restorer lines, a coupling law of leaf development was determined and a series of flowering control measures were formulated. These factors ensured that the parental lines encounter one another during the flowering stage. By utilizing fertilizer and water, the vitality of the female stigma, amount of powder scattered and powder loosening time were prolonged, which increased hybrid seed yields from 1500 to 3000 kg/hm2. These findings were helpful in resolving the technical problems of seed production that restricted the propagation of foxtail millet hybrids and supporting future large-scale applications.

A new discipline: ［Non-Classic(N-C) State-field Theory of Thermodynamics (S-F.TOT)a new second law(2nd-law) of thermodynamics(OT),the Law of Coupling (LOC)］［(N-C).(S-F.TOT)New (2nd-law)OT, (LOC)］,expressed as a theoretical flow sheet

In this paper, the mistakes in the traditional first law are pointed out. A new second law of thermodynamics, the law of coupling is mentioned. The Liu's Principle of Free Energy Conservation is stated. And finally a New Discipline is expressed as A THEORETICAL FLOW SHEET.

Conservation Laws and Analytic Soliton Solutions for Coupled Integrable Dispersionless Equations with Symbolic Computation

Under investigation in this paper are two coupled integrable dispersionless (CID) equations modelingthe dynamics of the current-fed string within an external magnetic field.Through a set of the dependent variabletransformations, the bilinear forms for the CID equations are derived.Based on the Hirota method and symboliccomputation, the analytic N-soliton solutions are presented.Infinitely many conservation laws for the CID equationsare given through the known spectral problem.Propagation characteristics and interaction behaviors of the solitons areanalyzed graphically.

RENEWAL OF BASIC LAWS AND PRINCIPLES FOR POLAR CONTINUUM THEORIES (Ⅲ)—NOETHER'S THEOREM

The existing various couple stress theories have been carefully restudied.The purpose is to propose a coupled Noether's theorem and to reestablish rather complete conservation laws and balance equations for couple stress elastodynamics. The new concrete forms of various conservation laws of couple stress elasticity are derived. The precise nature of these conservation laws which result from the given invariance requirements are established. Various special cases are reduced and the results of micropolar continua may be naturally transited from the results presented in this paper.

RENEWAL OF BASIC LAWS AND PRINCIPLES FOR POLAR CONTINUUM THEORIES (Ⅰ) —MICROPOLAR CONTINUA

Based on the restudies of existing polar continuum theories rather complete systems of basic balance laws and equations for micropolar continuum theory are presented. In these new systems not only the additional angular momentum, surface moment and body moment produced by the linear momentum, surface force and body force, respectively, but also the additional velocity produced by the angular velocity are considered. The new coupled balance laws of linear momentum, angular momentum and energy are reestablished. From them the new coupled local and nonlocal balance equations are naturally derived. Via contrast it can be clearly seen that the new results are believed to be rather general and complete.

Conservation Laws of Physics in Dirac Vacuum and β-Decay of Nuclei

The laws of conservation of energy, linear momentum. and angular momentum of a system form a closed unit according to Noether's theorem. A generalization of these laws (including spin) for elementary par- ticles taking into account the states of negative energies of the Dirac vacuum is given. A new interpretation of the β-decay of nuclei without neutrinos. using interactions with Dirac's anti-world is discussed, which ex- plains all characteristics of the β-continuum. A quantum-electrodynamic theory of β-decay is presented in which Fermi's constant g of weak interactions is determined from first principles (without neutrinos). The lat- ter is an expression of e, h, c, m, M, and R, i.e., g is not an independent constant of physics nor is it necessa- ry to measure it.

Separation work analysis of cohesive law and consistently coupled cohesive law

An appropriate coupled cohesive law for predicting the mixed mode failure is established by combining normal separation and tangential separation of surfaces in the cohesive zone model （CZM） and the cohesive element method. The Xu-Needleman exponential cohesive law with the fully shear failure mechanism is one of the most popular models. Based on the proposed consistently coupled rule/principle, the Xu-Needleman law with the fully shear failure mechanism is proved to be a non-consistently coupled cohesive law by analyzing the surface separation work. It is shown that the Xu-Needleman law is only valid in the mixed mode fracture when the normal separation work equals the tangential separation work. Based on the consistently coupled principle and the modification of the Xu-Needleman law, a consistently coupled cohesive （CCC） law is given. It is shown that the proposed CCC law has already overcome the non-consistency defect of the Xu-Needleman law with great promise in mixed mode analyses.

STRESS AND ENERGY TRANSFER OF WATER COUPLING BLASTING

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RENEWAL OF BASIC LAWS AND PRINCIPLES FOR POLAR CONTINUUM THEORIES (Ⅵ)—CONSERVATION LAWS OF MASS AND INERTIA

The purpose is to reestablish the coupled conservation laws, the local conservation equations and the jump conditions of mass and inertia for polar continuum theories. In this connection the new material derivatives of the deformation gradient, the line element, the surface element and the volume element were derived and the generalized Reynolds transport theorem was presented. Combining these conservation laws of mass and inertia with the balance laws of momentum, angular momentum and energy derived in our previous papers of this series, a rather complete system of coupled basic laws and principles for polar continuum theories is constituted on the whole. From this system the coupled nonlocal balance equations of mass, inertia, momentum, angular momentum and energy may be obtained by the usual localization.

Noether-Type Symmetries and Associated Conservation Laws of Some Systems of Nonlinear PDEs

The algorithm for constructing conservation laws of Euler Lagvange type equations via Noether-type symmetry operators associated with partial Lagrangian has been presented. As applications, many new conservation laws of some important systems of nonlinear partial differential equations have been obtained.

Experimental and simulation studies on similitude design method for shock responses of beam-plate coupled structure

The similitude theory helps to understand the physical behaviors of large structures through scaled models. Several papers have studied the similitude of shock issues. However, the dynamic similitude for shock responses of coupled structures is rarely incorporated in open studies. In this paper, scaling laws are derived for the shock responses and spectra of coupled structures. In the presented scaling laws, the geometric distortion and energy loss are considered. The ability of the proposed scaling laws is demonstrated in the simulation and experimental cases. In both cases, the similitude prediction for the prototype's time-domain waveform and spectrum is conducted with the scaled model and scaling laws. The simulation and experimental cases indicate that the predicted shock responses and spectra agree well with those of the prototype, which verifies the proposed scaling laws for predicting shock responses.

Transcription's bubble under the influence of long-range interactions and helicoidal coupling

The influence of power-low long-range interactions （LRI） and helicoidal coupling （HC） on the properties of localized solitons in a DNA molecule when a ribonucleic acid polymerase （RNAP） binds to it at the physiological temperature is analytically and numerically investigated in this paper. We have made an analogy with the Heisenberg model Hamiltonian of an anisotropic spin ladder with ferromagnetic legs and anti-ferromagnetic rung coupling. When we limit ourselves to the second-order terms in the Taylor expansion, the DNA dynamics is found to be governed by a completely integrable nonlinear Schr？dinger （NLS） equation. In this case, results show that increasing the value of HC force or LRI parameter enhances the bubble height and reduces the number of base pairs which form the bubble. For the fourth-order terms in a Taylor expansion, results are closely resembling those of second-order terms, and are confirmed by numerical investigation. These results match with some experimental data and thus provide a better representation of the base pairs opening in DNA which is essential for the transcription process.

反身法视野下生成式人工智能的耦合型监管

生成式人工智能的快速发展带来了风险控制和监管难题。从社会系统论角度分析,欧盟基于风险的监管模式和美国基于场景的监管模式,均未能实现法律子系统和生成式人工智能子系统之间的有效互动,从而面临多重现实困境。反身法提倡“受规整的自治”,通过反思机制为其他社会子系统的“自我规制”提供制度保障,从而建构“生态自组织”的监管形态,对突破生成式人工智能的监管困境具有启发意义。立足反身法框架,借助战略生态位管理模型,厘清生成式人工智能“技术生态位—市场生态位—范式生态位”的内在演化逻辑,有助于探索和塑造包容审慎与敏捷高效相结合的、融外部监管与自我合规于一体的耦合型监管模式。

冻融-硫酸盐腐蚀耦合作用下早龄期混凝土强度演变及预测模型研究

为了研究冻融-硫酸盐腐蚀耦合作用对早龄期混凝土力学性能的影响,基于新疆若羌地区实际环境条件,对三种水胶比的早龄期混凝土分别进行冻融循环、硫酸盐腐蚀、冻融-硫酸盐腐蚀耦合作用工况下的耐久性试验,分析不同环境作用工况与水胶比交互作用下早龄期混凝土强度经时演变规律和作用机制。同时,基于灰色系统理论与遗传算法,建立早龄期混凝土强度的变权缓冲GM(1,1)模型。研究结果表明:同环境作用工况下,随冻融循环次数增加,早龄期混凝土抗蚀系数均出现先增大后减小的变化规律,并且在腐蚀终期,水胶比与早龄期混凝土抗蚀系数呈负相关。在同水胶比条件下,相较于单一冻融循环工况,冻融-硫酸盐腐蚀耦合作用工况对早龄期混凝土抗蚀系数终值的影响程度更高。早龄期混凝土强度预测模型的最大平均预测误差仅为1.893%,具有较好的预测精度,可为寒冷、盐渍土地区混凝土结构服役状态评估提供参考;通过预测模型对不同环境作用工况下早龄期混凝土进行耐久性评估,可知:冻融循环作用下,0.26、0.32、0.38水胶比的早龄期混凝土预测服役寿命分别是75.3 a、24.6 a、15.3 a,而在冻融-硫酸盐腐蚀耦合作用工况下,同水胶比下早龄期混凝土预测服役寿命缩短至30.7 a、22 a、12.7 a。

视场角限制下的攻击时间和角度三维矢量制导律设计

为了提高导弹精确打击目标的能力,控制攻击时间和攻击角度三维制导问题在实际应用中具有重要的意义。针对这一问题,本文基于三维矢量制导模型提出了一种视场角约束下的攻击时间和攻击角度控制律。首先,通过将平面矢量制导律扩展至三维空间,提出了一种三维矢量攻击角度约束制导律;其次,在上述制导指令的拦截分量中引入剩余时间偏置项,设计了一种在视场角约束下的三维矢量制导律,并进行了稳定性分析。保证导弹能在视场角约束的条件下,以期望的攻击时间和角度击中目标,并且误差均小于0.01;最后,通过数值模拟验证了所设计制导律的正确性和有效性。

论煤-水-土多资源协调开发

煤炭及其伴生资源是地质体的重要组成部分,大规模和高强度开采会引起近地表岩石圈、土壤圈、水圈的联动响应,进而反向制约煤炭及其伴生资源的安全开采与开发。围绕煤矿区的煤-水-土多资源协调开发,基于多学科知识交叉的地球关键带理念,阐述煤-水-土协调开发的必要性以及多圈层、多过程、多尺度、多目标的耦合关系,为煤炭安全绿色开发和生态环境可持续发展提供战略思考。(1)立足煤炭安全高效开采、土壤-水资源安全和生态环境保护多目标多维度角度,剖析大规模、高强度开发背景下采前、采中、采后地质条件动态演化、多资源时空关系、生态环境响应特征,提出煤炭资源开发生命周期条件下的煤炭资源区的地质调查战略和开发策略。(2)开展煤-水-土多资源量的系统调查和地质结构精细表征,全面理解和综合评价煤-水-土赋存特征和相互依存关系,形成集资源禀赋、生态环境、人口经济等于一体的地质调查评价体系和方法,提出基于煤炭开发、多资源利用、水土保护、生态屏障、土地安全等一体化的全链条调控措施和开发策略与开发政策。(3)监控开发过程中地层地质功能结构变化,理解煤-水-土空间组合结构及分层界面效应和煤(岩)-水-土相互作用的动态演化规律,构建复杂地层结构煤炭安全开采和水-土资源协调开发覆岩变形的演化模型,厘清煤-水-土空间结构及其对开采活动的约束效应,发展地球科学、采矿学、生态学、水文学等多学科交叉的煤炭绿色开发地质保障理论与技术。煤-水-土协调开发研究服务于煤炭安全开采与地质环境保护协调发展,破解多资源开发瓶颈及其地质环境制约之间矛盾,通过对煤炭开采全生命周期内的地质条件和环境效应的关键影响因素、状态参数阈值、演化驱动机制的理解,构建地质环境约束、开采模式调控、系统规划利用的煤-水-土多资源协调开发时空格局。

Purity-dependent Lorenz number,electron hydrodynamics and electron-phonon coupling in WTe_(2)

We present a study of electrical and thermal transport in Weyl semimetal WTe_(2)down to 0.3 K.The Wiedemann-Franz law holds below 2 K and a downward deviation starts above.The deviation is more pronounced in cleaner samples,as expected in the hydrodynamic picture of electronic transport,where a fraction of electron-electron collisions conserve momentum.Phonons are the dominant heat carriers and their mean-free-path does not display a Knudsen minimum.This is presumably a consequence of weak anharmonicity,as indicated by the temperature dependence of the specific heat.Frequent momentum exchange between phonons and electrons leads to quantum oscillations of the phononic thermal conductivity.Bloch-Grüneisen picture of electron-phonon scattering breaks down at low temperature when Umklapp ph-ph collisions cease to be a sink for electronic flow of momentum.Comparison with semi-metallic Sb shows that normal ph-ph collisions are amplified by anharmonicity.In both semimetals,at cryogenic temperature,e-ph collisions degrade the phononic flow of energy but not the electronic flow of momentum.