Dynamic Effect of Landslides Triggered by Earthquake:A Case Study in Moxi Town of Luding County,China

The dynamic effect is a very important issue widely debated by scholars when studying the genetic and disaster-causing mechanisms of earthquake-triggered landslides.First,the dynamic effect mechanism and phenomena of earthquake-triggered landslides were summarized in this paper.Then,the primary types of dynamic effects were further used to interpret the Mogangling landslide in Moxi Town of Luding County,China.A field investigation,remote sensing,numerical calculation and theoretical analysis were carried out to illustrate the failure mechanism of slope rock masses affected by earthquakes.The interaction between seismic waves and slope rock masses and the induced dynamic effect of slope rock masses were primarily accounted for in the analysis.The slope topography,rock mass weathering and unloading characteristics,river erosion,regional seismogenic structure,and rock mass structure characteristics were also discussed.The results showed that the formation of the Mogangling landslide was mainly related to the high amplification effect of seismic acceleration and back slope effects,interface dynamic stress effects,and double-sided slope effects of seismic waves caused by the catastrophic Ms 7.75 Moxi Earthquake in 1786.The principles for the site and route selection of large-scale infrastructure in the planning stage and the scientific prevention of seismic geological disasters were proposed on the basis of the dynamic effect of earthquake-induced landslides.

川藏公路林芝—八宿段地质灾害特征及形成机制初探

川藏公路林芝至八宿段地质灾害尤为发育,严重影响了川藏公路的安全运行。为有效防灾与减灾,本文立足于野外考察和对已有资料的统计分析,对该地区开展了区域性地质灾害研究。研究表明,研究区域地质灾害有以下几个显著特征:在分布上,灾害发育密集、类型多、分段性显著;成因复杂的松散堆积体是地质灾害的主要物质基础;强烈的水岩作用和内外动力耦合作用是该地区地质灾害形成、发生的重要因素。本文为该区域地质灾害的成灾机理及其防治措施的研究提供了科学依据。

都江堰-汶川公路汶川地震次生地质灾害主要特征和形成机理

汶川特大地震发生后,都江堰至汶川公路两旁次生地质灾害尤为严重,先后多次完全中断震中交通生命线,严重地影响了公路的安全运行和灾后重建。通过对汶川地震前后都江堰-汶川公路边坡现场调查资料对比分析,研究了该地段边坡的主要次生地质灾害类型及其破坏模式、形成机制和时空分布特点。破坏类型主要为碎屑流式、碎裂滑移式崩塌和碎裂-俯冲式、振荡-高速滑移式泥石流等,造成沿线边坡发生大面积浅表生改造破坏。此类灾害具有丛集性、相关性、分段性的明显特点。成因复杂的高陡岩土体是次生地质灾害的主要物质基础;强烈的场地地震效应和内外动力耦合作用是该地区地质灾害成生的主要因素。

玉龙—哈巴雪山断块差异隆升的基本特征及其地质灾害效应

青藏高原新生代以来的持续性、阶段性隆升是地球演化过程中重要的地质和环境事件。尤其是晚新生代以来的加速隆升,使青藏高原主体及其周缘地区成为中国大陆地貌的最高一级阶梯。笔者主要从新构造运动条件下青藏高原东南缘玉龙—哈巴雪山断块这样一个典型的第四纪以来断块快速差异隆升的地区出发,通过详细研究该断块的组成以及几何学运动学特征来探讨其隆升机制,并在此基础上进一步研究该快速隆起的地质灾害效应(如地震、崩塌、滑坡和泥石流等)及其对本区地质灾害发育和发展的控制作用,进而得到地球内动力地质作用与重大地质灾害(外动力地质作用)之间存在必然的耦合关系的结论。

金沙江虎跳峡河段岸坡变形破坏的相关动力因子研究

河谷岸坡的变形与破坏是地球内外动力耦合作用的结果,并且每一种动力地质作用对于岸坡变形失稳的贡献程度不同,造成岸坡变形破坏频率和规模的空间差异。金沙江虎跳峡地区内、外动力地质作用十分显著,岸坡变形破坏体的空间分布具有鲜明的地段性。本文采用定性与定量相结合的效果测度分析方法,对虎跳峡河段岸坡变形破坏密度与相关动力因子进行关联度量化分析,从而确定了影响岸坡稳定的关键性动力因子,可为水电开发中的岸坡灾害成因类型划分、危险性评价、灾害治理和工程规划设计等提供科学依据。