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Hydrocracking of Low-Temperature Coal Tar over CoMo Catalysts Supported on ZrO2-Al2O3 Composite Oxides
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作者 Yang Jiake Meng Jipeng +1 位作者 Zuo Tongjiu Lu Jiangyin 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS 2020年第1期24-31,共8页
A series of CoMo/ZrO2-Al2O3 catalysts with different contents of ZrO2 were prepared and characterized through XRD,XPS,NH3-TPD,H2-TPR,HR-TEM,and N2 adsorption-desorption technologies.The performance of the catalysts fo... A series of CoMo/ZrO2-Al2O3 catalysts with different contents of ZrO2 were prepared and characterized through XRD,XPS,NH3-TPD,H2-TPR,HR-TEM,and N2 adsorption-desorption technologies.The performance of the catalysts for low-temperature coal tar(LTCT)hydrocracking reaction was investigated.The interaction between active metals and Al2O3 was weakened with the introduction of ZrO2,which increased the MoS2 content and the stack layer number of MoS2 slabs to further promote the catalytic performance.At the same time,the amount of acid sites increased with an increasing ZrO2 content.When the ZrO2 content reached 32%,the pore volume of the catalyst decreased significantly.This phenomenon reduced the content of MoS2 and the stack layer number of MoS2 slabs,which were not conducive to improving the catalytic performance.The catalyst containing 24%of ZrO2 exhibited the best catalytic performance for hydrocracking reaction,with the residue conversion and the total yield of gasoline and diesel fractions reaching 60.64%and 66.54%,respectively,which could fulfill the requirements for hydrocracking LTCT. 展开更多
关键词 low-temperature coal TAR ZRO2 content ZRO2-AL2O3 CATALYTIC performance
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Evaluation of rutting and low-temperature cracking resistancesof warm-mix recycled asphalt bindersunder the secondary aging condition 被引量:6
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作者 Li Qiang Sun Guangxu +2 位作者 Luo Sang Zhou Zhou Meng Yuanpeng 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2020年第1期81-87,共7页
The rutting and low-temperature resistances of warm-mix recycled asphalt binders under the secondary aging condition were measured by the dynamic shear rheometer test and bending beam rheometer test.Effects of differe... The rutting and low-temperature resistances of warm-mix recycled asphalt binders under the secondary aging condition were measured by the dynamic shear rheometer test and bending beam rheometer test.Effects of different types of warm-mix asphalt(WMA)technologies and additives were evaluated.Aging and improvement mechanisms were investigated by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy test.It is found that recycled binders after the secondary aging are more resistant to rutting and less resistant to low-temperature cracking.The two warm-mix asphalt technologies have opposite effects.Using the Sasobit WMA significantly improves the rutting resistance and reduces the low temperature resistance for the recycled binders due to its morphological change at different temperatures.The rutting factor values of recycled asphalt binders with the Sasobit additive increase by 4.6 to 5.6 times.However,using the Evotherm WMA causes the deterioration of the rutting resistance due to the structural lubrication effect.The rutting factor values of recycled asphalt binders with the Evotherm additive show the reduction of 52%to 62%.It is recommended to add the styrene butadiene rubber latex or crumb rubber powder into the warm-mix recycled asphalt binders to simultaneously improve the rutting and low-temperature cracking resistances. 展开更多
关键词 pavement engineering warm-mix recycled asphalt binder low-temperature cracking RUTTING secondary aging Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
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Structural Engineering of Anode Materials for Low-Temperature Lithium-Ion Batteries:Mechanisms,Strategies,and Prospects 被引量:3
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作者 Guan Wang Guixin Wang +2 位作者 Linfeng Fei Lina Zhao Haitao Zhang 《Nano-Micro Letters》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第8期169-195,共27页
The severe degradation of electrochemical performance for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)at low temperatures poses a significant challenge to their practical applications.Consequently,extensive efforts have been contribut... The severe degradation of electrochemical performance for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)at low temperatures poses a significant challenge to their practical applications.Consequently,extensive efforts have been contributed to explore novel anode materials with high electronic conductivity and rapid Li^(+)diffusion kinetics for achieving favorable low-temperature performance of LIBs.Herein,we try to review the recent reports on the synthesis and characterizations of low-temperature anode materials.First,we summarize the underlying mechanisms responsible for the performance degradation of anode materials at subzero temperatures.Second,detailed discussions concerning the key pathways(boosting electronic conductivity,enhancing Li^(+)diffusion kinetics,and inhibiting lithium dendrite)for improving the low-temperature performance of anode materials are presented.Third,several commonly used low-temperature anode materials are briefly introduced.Fourth,recent progress in the engineering of these low-temperature anode materials is summarized in terms of structural design,morphology control,surface&interface modifications,and multiphase materials.Finally,the challenges that remain to be solved in the field of low-temperature anode materials are discussed.This review was organized to offer valuable insights and guidance for next-generation LIBs with excellent low-temperature electrochemical performance. 展开更多
关键词 low-temperature performance Anode materials Microstructural regulations Surface modifications
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Recent research progress in the mechanism and suppression of fusion welding-induced liquation cracking of nickel based superalloys 被引量:1
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作者 Zongli Yi Jiguo Shan +2 位作者 Yue Zhao Zhenlin Zhang Aiping Wu 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第5期1072-1088,共17页
Nickel-based superalloys are extensively used in the crucial hot-section components of industrial gas turbines,aeronautics,and astronautics because of their excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance at ... Nickel-based superalloys are extensively used in the crucial hot-section components of industrial gas turbines,aeronautics,and astronautics because of their excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance at high temperatures.Fusion welding serves as an effective means for joining and repairing these alloys;however,fusion welding-induced liquation cracking has been a challenging issue.This paper comprehensively reviewed recent liquation cracking,discussing the formation mechanisms,cracking criteria,and remedies.In recent investigations,regulating material composition,changing the preweld heat treatment of the base metal,optimizing the welding process parameters,and applying auxiliary control methods are effective strategies for mitigating cracks.To promote the application of nickel-based superalloys,further research on the combination impact of multiple elements on cracking prevention and specific quantitative criteria for liquation cracking is necessary. 展开更多
关键词 nickel-based superalloy fusion welding liquation cracking cracking mechanism cracking suppression
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Exploring an eco-friendly approach to improve soil tensile behavior and cracking resistance 被引量:1
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作者 Lin Li Chao-Sheng Tang +5 位作者 Jin-Jian Xu Yao Wei Zhi-Hao Dong Bo Liu Xi-Ying Zhang Bin Shi 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第10期4272-4284,共13页
Soil tensile strength is a critical parameter governing the initiation and propagation of tensile cracking.This study proposes an eco-friendly approach to improve the tensile behavior and crack resistance of clayey so... Soil tensile strength is a critical parameter governing the initiation and propagation of tensile cracking.This study proposes an eco-friendly approach to improve the tensile behavior and crack resistance of clayey soils.To validate the feasibility and efficacy of the proposed approach,direct tensile tests were employed to determine the tensile strength of the compacted soil with different W-OH treatment concentrations and water contents.Desiccation tests were also performed to evaluate the effectiveness of W-OH treatment in enhancing soil tensile cracking resistance.During this period,the effects of W-OH treatment concentration and water content on tensile properties,soil suction and microstructure were investigated.The tensile tests reveal that W-OH treatment has a significant impact on the tensile strength and failure mode of the soil,which not only effectively enhances the tensile strength and failure displacement,but also changes the brittle failure behavior into a more ductile quasi-brittle failure behavior.The suction measurements and mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP)tests show that W-OH treatment can slightly reduce soil suction by affecting skeleton structure and increasing macropores.Combined with the microstructural analysis,it becomes evident that the significant improvement in soil tensile behavior through W-OH treatment is mainly attributed to the W-OH gel's ability to provide additional binding force for bridging and encapsulating the soil particles.Moreover,desiccation tests demonstrate that W-OH treatment can significantly reduce or even inhibit the formation of soil tensile cracking.With the increase of W-OH treatment concentration,the surface crack ratio and total crack length are significantly reduced.This study enhances a fundamental understanding of eco-polymer impacts on soil mechanical properties and provides valuable insight into their potential application for improving soil crack resistance. 展开更多
关键词 Clayey soil Tensile strength Eco-friendly approach Direct tensile test Desiccation cracking crack resistance
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Effect of icosahedral phase formation on the stress corrosion cracking(SCC)behaviors of the as-cast Mg-8%Li(in wt.%)based alloys 被引量:2
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作者 Shuo Wang Daokui Xu +2 位作者 Dongliang Wang Zhiqiang Zhang Baojie Wang 《Journal of Magnesium and Alloys》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第1期225-236,共12页
Through exploring the stress corrosion cracking(SCC)behaviors of the as-cast Mg-8%Li and Mg-8%Li-6%Zn-1.2%Y alloys in a 0.1 M NaCl solution,it revealed that the SCC susceptibility index(I_(SCC))of the Mg-8%Li alloy wa... Through exploring the stress corrosion cracking(SCC)behaviors of the as-cast Mg-8%Li and Mg-8%Li-6%Zn-1.2%Y alloys in a 0.1 M NaCl solution,it revealed that the SCC susceptibility index(I_(SCC))of the Mg-8%Li alloy was 47%,whilst the I_(SCC)of the Mg-8%Li-6%Zn-1.2%Y alloy was 68%.Surface,cross-sectional and fractography observations indicated that for the Mg-8%Li alloy,theα-Mg/β-Li interfaces acted as the preferential crack initiation sites and propagation paths during the SCC process.With regard to the Mg-8%Li-6%Zn-1.2%Y alloy,the crack initiation sites included the I-phase and the interfaces of I-phase/β-Li andα-Mg/β-Li,and the preferential propagation paths were the I-phase/β-Li andα-Mg/β-Li interfaces.Moreover,the SCC of the two alloys was concerned with hydrogen embrittlement(HE)mechanism. 展开更多
关键词 Magnesium-lithium alloy Stress corrosion cracking I-phase Fracture analysis
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Low-temperature characteristicsof rubbers and performance testsof type 120 emergencyvalve diaphragms 被引量:1
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作者 Ming Gao Anhui Pan +5 位作者 Yi Huang Jiaqi Wang Yan Zhang Xiao Xie Huanre Han Yinghua Jia 《Railway Sciences》 2024年第1期47-58,共12页
Purpose–The type 120 emergency valve is an essential braking component of railway freight trains,butcorresponding diaphragms consisting of natural rubber(NR)and chloroprene rubber(CR)exhibit insufficientaging resista... Purpose–The type 120 emergency valve is an essential braking component of railway freight trains,butcorresponding diaphragms consisting of natural rubber(NR)and chloroprene rubber(CR)exhibit insufficientaging resistance and low-temperature resistance,respectively.In order to develop type 120 emergency valverubber diaphragms with long-life and high-performance,low-temperatureresistant CR and NR were processed.Design/methodology/approach–The physical properties of the low-temperature-resistant CR and NRwere tested by low-temperature stretching,dynamic mechanical analysis,differential scanning calorimetryand thermogravimetric analysis.Single-valve and single-vehicle tests of type 120 emergency valves werecarried out for emergency diaphragms consisting of NR and CR.Findings–The low-temperature-resistant CR and NR exhibited excellent physical properties.The elasticityand low-temperature resistance of NR were superior to those of CR,whereas the mechanical properties of thetwo rubbers were similar in the temperature range of 0℃–150℃.The NR and CR emergency diaphragms metthe requirements of the single-valve test.In the low-temperature single-vehicle test,only the low-temperaturesensitivity test of the NR emergency diaphragm met the requirements.Originality/value–The innovation of this study is that it provides valuable data and experience for futuredevelopment of type 120 valve rubber diaphragms. 展开更多
关键词 Natural rubber Chloroprene rubber low-temperature characteristic 120 emergency valve DIAPHRAGM
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Thermally-induced cracking behaviors of coal reservoirs subjected to cryogenic liquid nitrogen shock 被引量:1
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作者 Songcai Han Qi Gao +5 位作者 Xinchuang Yan Lile Li Lei Wang Xian Shi Chuanliang Yan Daobing Wang 《Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第8期2894-2908,共15页
The benefits of using cryogenic liquid nitrogen shock to enhance coal permeability have been confirmed from experimental perspectives.In this paper,we develop a fully coupled thermo-elastic model in combination with t... The benefits of using cryogenic liquid nitrogen shock to enhance coal permeability have been confirmed from experimental perspectives.In this paper,we develop a fully coupled thermo-elastic model in combination with the strain-based isotropic damage theory to uncover the cooling-dominated cracking behaviors through three typical cases,i.e.coal reservoirs containing a wellbore,a primary fracture,and a natural fracture network,respectively.The progressive cracking processes,from thermal fracture initiation,propagation or cessation,deflection,bifurcation to multi-fracture interactions,can be well captured by the numerical model.It is observed that two hierarchical levels of thermal fractures are formed,in which the number of shorter thermal fractures consistently exceeds that of the longer ones.The effects of coal properties related to thermal stress levels and thermal diffusivity on the fracture morphology are quantified by the fracture fractal dimension and the statistical fracture number.The induced fracture morphology is most sensitive to changes in the elastic modulus and thermal expansion coefficient,both of which dominate the complexity of the fracture networks.Coal reservoir candidates with preferred thermal-mechanical properties are also recommended for improving the stimulation effect.Further findings are that there exists a critical injection temperature and a critical in-situ stress difference,above which no thermal fractures would be formed.Preexisting natural fractures with higher density and preferred orientations are also essential for the formation of complex fracture networks.The obtained results can provide some theoretical support for cryogenic fracturing design in coal reservoirs. 展开更多
关键词 Coal reservoirs Cryogenic shock Thermal cracking behaviors Fracture morphology
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Boosting oxygen reduction activity and CO_(2) resistance on bismuth ferrite-based perovskite cathode for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells below 600℃ 被引量:1
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作者 Juntao Gao Zhiyun Wei +5 位作者 Mengke Yuan Zhe Wang Zhe Lü Qiang Li Lingling Xu Bo Wei 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期600-609,I0013,共11页
Developing efficient and stable cathodes for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells(LT-SOFCs) is of great importance for the practical commercialization.Herein,we propose a series of Sm-modified Bi_(0.7-x)Sm_xSr_(0.3)... Developing efficient and stable cathodes for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells(LT-SOFCs) is of great importance for the practical commercialization.Herein,we propose a series of Sm-modified Bi_(0.7-x)Sm_xSr_(0.3)FeO_(3-δ) perovskites as highly-active catalysts for LT-SOFCs.Sm doping can significantly enhance the electrocata lytic activity and chemical stability of cathode.At 600℃,Bi_(0.675)Sm_(0.025)Sr_(0.3)FeO_(3-δ)(BSSF25) cathode has been found to be the optimum composition with a polarization resistance of 0.098 Ω cm^2,which is only around 22.8% of Bi_(0.7)Sr_(0.3)FeO_(3-δ)(BSF).A full cell utilizing BSSF25 displays an exceptional output density of 790 mW cm^(-2),which can operate continuously over100 h without obvious degradation.The remarkable electrochemical performance observed can be attributed to the improved O_(2) transport kinetics,superior surface oxygen adsorption capacity,as well as O_(2)p band centers in close proximity to the Fermi level.Moreover,larger average bonding energy(ABE) and the presence of highly acidic Bi,Sm,and Fe ions restrict the adsorption of CO_(2) on the cathode surface,resulting in excellent CO_(2) resistivity.This work provides valuable guidance for systematic design of efficient and durable catalysts for LT-SOFCs. 展开更多
关键词 low-temperature solid oxide fuel cell Perovskite cathode DFT calculations CO_(2) tolerance
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Enhancing performance of low-temperature processed CsPbI2Br all-inorganic perovskite solar cells using polyethylene oxide-modified TiO_(2) 被引量:1
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作者 Xu Zhao Naitao Gao +2 位作者 Shengcheng Wu Shaozhen Li Sujuan Wu 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期786-794,共9页
CsPbX_(3)-based(X=I,Br,Cl)inorganic perovskite solar cells(PSCs)prepared by low-temperature process have attracted much attention because of their low cost and excellent thermal stability.However,the high trap state d... CsPbX_(3)-based(X=I,Br,Cl)inorganic perovskite solar cells(PSCs)prepared by low-temperature process have attracted much attention because of their low cost and excellent thermal stability.However,the high trap state density and serious charge recombination between low-temperature processed TiO_(2)film and inorganic perovskite layer interface seriously restrict the performance of all-inorganic PSCs.Here a thin polyethylene oxide(PEO)layer is employed to modify TiO_(2)film to passivate traps and promote carrier collection.The impacts of PEO layer on microstructure and photoelectric characteristics of TiO_(2)film and related devices are systematically studied.Characterization results suggest that PEO modification can reduce the surface roughness of TiO_(2)film,decrease its average surface potential,and passivate trap states.At optimal conditions,the champion efficiency of CsPbI_(2)Br PSCs with PEO-modified TiO_(2)(PEO-PSCs)has been improved to 11.24%from 9.03%of reference PSCs.Moreover,the hysteresis behavior and charge recombination have been suppressed in PEO-PSCs. 展开更多
关键词 polyethylene oxide-modified TiO_(2) film low-temperature process CsPbI_(2)Br-based all-inorganic perovskite solar cells photo-voltaic performance
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Effects of layer thickness on desiccation cracking behaviour of a vegetated soil 被引量:1
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作者 Congying Li Qing Cheng +3 位作者 Chaosheng Tang Yingdong Gu Lingxin Cui Haowen Guo 《Biogeotechnics》 2024年第2期47-53,共7页
The objective of this study is to explore how different layer thicknesses affect the desiccation cracking behaviour of vegetated soil.During the experiment,an electronic balance was employed to quantify water evaporat... The objective of this study is to explore how different layer thicknesses affect the desiccation cracking behaviour of vegetated soil.During the experiment,an electronic balance was employed to quantify water evaporation,while a digital camera was utilized to capture the initiation and progression of soil surface cracking.Results indicate that in the early drying process,the rate of evapotranspiration in vegetated soil correlates positively with leaf biomass.For soil samples with the same layer thickness,the constant rate stage duration is consistently shorter in vegetated soil samples than in their bare soil counterparts.As the layer thickness increases,both vegetated and bare soil samples crack at higher water content.However,vegetated soil samples crack at lower water content than their bare soil counterparts.Vegetation significantly reduces the soil surface crack ratio and improves the soil crack resistance.The crack reduction ratio is positively correlated with both root weight and length density.In thicker vegetated soil layers,the final surface crack length noticeably declines. 展开更多
关键词 Desiccation crack Vegetated soil Layer thickness Root density
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Advances in sodium-ion batteries at low-temperature: Challenges and strategies
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作者 Haoran Bai Xiaohui Zhu +3 位作者 Huaisheng Ao Guangyu He Hai Xiao Yinjuan Chen 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期518-539,I0012,共23页
With the continuing boost in the demand for energy storage,there is an increasing requirement for batteries to be capable of operation in extreme environmental conditions.Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs) have emerged as a h... With the continuing boost in the demand for energy storage,there is an increasing requirement for batteries to be capable of operation in extreme environmental conditions.Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs) have emerged as a highly promising energy storage solution due to their promising performance over a wide range of temperatures and the abundance of sodium resources in the earth's crust.Compared to lithiumion batteries(LIBs),although sodium ions possess a larger ionic radius,they are more easily desolvated than lithium ions.Fu rthermore,SIBs have a smaller Stokes radius than lithium ions,resulting in improved sodium-ion mobility in the electrolyte.Nevertheless,SIBs demonstrate a significant decrease in performance at low temperatures(LT),which constrains their operation in harsh weather conditions.Despite the increasing interest in SIBs,there is a notable scarcity of research focusing specifically on their mechanism under LT conditions.This review explores recent research that considers the thermal tolerance of SIBs from an inner chemistry process perspective,spanning a wide temperature spectrum(-70 to100℃),particularly at LT conditions.In addition,the enhancement of electrochemical performance in LT SIBs is based on improvements in reaction kinetics and cycling stability achieved through the utilization of effective electrode materials and electrolyte components.Furthermore,the safety concerns associated with SIBs are addressed and effective strategies are proposed for mitigating these issues.Finally,prospects conducted to extend the environmental frontiers of commercial SIBs are discussed mainly from three viewpoints including innovations in materials,development and research of relevant theoretical mechanisms,and intelligent safety management system establishment for larger-scale energy storage SIBs. 展开更多
关键词 low-temperature Sodium-ion batteries Reaction kinetics Cycle stability Safety concerns of Sodium-ion batteries
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Temperature inversion enables superior stability for low-temperature Zn-ion batteries
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作者 Fu-Da Yu Zhe-Jian Yi +10 位作者 Rui-Yang Li Wei-Hao Lin Jie Chen Xiao-Yue Chen Yi-Ming Xie Ji-Huai Wu Zhang Lan Lan-Fang Que Bao-Sheng Liu Hao Luo Zhen-Bo Wang 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期245-253,共9页
It is challenging for aqueous Zn-ion batteries(ZIBs)to achieve comparable low-temperature(low-T)performance due to the easy-frozen electrolyte and severe Zn dendrites.Herein,an aqueous electrolyte with a low freezing ... It is challenging for aqueous Zn-ion batteries(ZIBs)to achieve comparable low-temperature(low-T)performance due to the easy-frozen electrolyte and severe Zn dendrites.Herein,an aqueous electrolyte with a low freezing point and high ionic conductivity is proposed.Combined with molecular dynamics simulation and multi-scale interface analysis(time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry threedimensional mapping and in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy method),the temperature independence of the V_(2)O_(5)cathode and Zn anode is observed to be opposite.Surprisingly,dominated by the solvent structure of the designed electrolyte at low temperatures,vanadium dissolution/shuttle is significantly inhibited,and the zinc dendrites caused by this electrochemical crosstalk are greatly relieved,thus showing an abnormal temperature inversion effect.Through the disclosure and improvement of the above phenomena,the designed Zn||V_(2)O_(5)full cell delivers superior low-T performance,maintaining almost 99%capacity retention after 9500 cycles(working more than 2500 h)at-20°C.This work proposes a kind of electrolyte suitable for low-T ZIBs and reveals the inverse temperature dependence of the Zn anode,which might offer a novel perspective for the investigation of low-T aqueous battery systems. 展开更多
关键词 Aqueous Zn-ion batteries low-temperature performance Opposite temperature dependence Zndendrite growth Vanadium dissolution
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Development and Catalytic Cracking Performance of Ultrastable Y Zeolite Rich in Secondary Pores
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作者 Li Jiaxing Wang Shengji +3 位作者 Sha Hao Wang Juan Zhou Lingping Wang Lixia 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第2期13-21,共9页
A novel ultra-stable zeolite, NSZ, rich in secondary pores was developed through the combination of gas-phase andmild hydrothermal methods. This zeolite was successfully tested in an industrial setting for the first t... A novel ultra-stable zeolite, NSZ, rich in secondary pores was developed through the combination of gas-phase andmild hydrothermal methods. This zeolite was successfully tested in an industrial setting for the first time in the world. The porestructure characteristics of the NSZ zeolite prepared for industrial use were analyzed and characterized using BET. The resultsindicate a significant increase in the secondary pore volume of NSZ zeolite compared to the existing ultra-stable zeolite HSZ-5, which is produced through a conventional gas-phase method. The average secondary pore volume to total pore volume ratioin NSZ zeolite was found to be 58.96% higher. The catalytic cracking performance of NSZ zeolite was evaluated. The resultsshowed that the NSC-LTA catalyst, with NSZ as the active component, outperformed the HSC-LTA catalyst with HSZ-5 zeolitein terms of obtaining more high-value products (gasoline and liquefied petroleum gas) during the hydrogenated light cycle oilprocessing. Additionally, the NSC-LTA catalyst showed a significant improvement in coke selectivity. 展开更多
关键词 GAS-PHASE ultra-stable ZEOLITE CATALYST catalytic cracking
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Cracking on a nickel-based superalloy fabricated by direct energy deposition
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作者 Xue Zhang Ya-hang Mu +4 位作者 Liang Ma Jing-jing Liang Yi-zhou Zhou Xiao-feng Sun Jin-guo Li 《China Foundry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期311-318,共8页
Cracks have consistently been a significant challenge limiting the development of additive manufactured nickel-based superalloys.It is essential to investigate the location of cracks and their forming mechanism.This s... Cracks have consistently been a significant challenge limiting the development of additive manufactured nickel-based superalloys.It is essential to investigate the location of cracks and their forming mechanism.This study extensively examines the impact of solidification process,microstructural evolution,and stress concentration on crack initiation during direct energy deposition(DED).The results emphasize that the crack formation is significantly related to large-angle grain boundaries,rapid cooling rates.Cracks caused by large-angle grain boundaries and a fast-cooling rate predominantly appear near the edge of the deposited samples.Liquation cracks are more likely to form near the top of the deposited sample,due to the presence ofγ/γ'eutectics.The secondary dendritic arm and the carbides in the interdendritic regions can obstruct liquid flow during the final stage of solidification,which results in the formation of solidification cracks and voids.This work paves the way to avoid cracks in nickel-based superalloys fabricated by DED,thereby enhancing the performance of superalloys. 展开更多
关键词 LOCATION cracks direct energy deposition nickel-based superalloys
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Modulating the Electrolyte Inner Solvation Structure via Low Polarity Co-solvent for Low-Temperature Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries
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作者 Yongchao Kang Feng Zhang +6 位作者 Houzhen Li Wangran Wei Huitong Dong Hao Chen Yuanhua Sang Hong Liu Shuhua Wang 《Energy & Environmental Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第5期104-113,共10页
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries are regarded as the promising candidates for large-scale energy storage systems owing to low cost and high safety;however,their applications are restricted by their poor low-temperature perf... Aqueous zinc-ion batteries are regarded as the promising candidates for large-scale energy storage systems owing to low cost and high safety;however,their applications are restricted by their poor low-temperature performance.Herein,a low-temperature electrolyte for low-temperature aqueous zinc-ion batteries is designed by introducing low-polarity diglyme into an aqueous solution of Zn(ClO_(4))_(2).The diglyme disrupts the hydrogenbonding network of water and lowers the freezing point of the electrolyte to-105℃.The designed electrolyte achieves ionic conductivity up to16.18 mS cm^(-1)at-45℃.The diglyme and ClO_(4)^(-)reconfigure the solvated structure of Zn^(2+),which is more favorable for the desolvation of Zn^(2+)at low temperatures.In addition,the diglyme effectively suppresses the dendrites,hydrogen evolution reaction,and by-products of the zinc anode,improving the cycle stability of the battery.At-20℃,a Zn‖Zn symmetrical cell is cycled for 5200 h at 1 mA cm^(-2)and 1 mA h cm^(-2),and a Zn‖polyaniline battery achieves an ultra-long cycle life of 10000 times.This study sheds light on the future design of electrolytes with high ionic conductivity and easy desolvation at low temperatures for rechargeable batteries. 展开更多
关键词 aqueous zinc-ion batteries high performance inner solvation structure low polarity co-solvent low-temperature electrolyte
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HZSM-5 zeolites undergoing the high-temperature process for boosting the bimolecular reaction in n-heptane catalytic cracking
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作者 Chenggong Song Zhenzhou Ma +6 位作者 Xu Hou Hao Zhou Huimin Qiao Changchang Tian Li Yin Baitang Jin Enxian Yuan 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期136-144,共9页
High-temperature treatment is key to the preparation of zeolite catalysts.Herein,the effects of hightemperature treatment on the property and performance of HZSM-5 zeolites were studied in this work.X-Ray diffraction,... High-temperature treatment is key to the preparation of zeolite catalysts.Herein,the effects of hightemperature treatment on the property and performance of HZSM-5 zeolites were studied in this work.X-Ray diffraction,N2physisorption,27Al magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance(MAS NMR),and temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia results indicated that the hightemperature treatment at 650℃ hardly affected the inherent crystal and texture of HZSM-5zeolites but facilitated the conversion of framework Al to extra-framework Al,reducing the acid site and enhancing the acid strength.Moreover,the high-temperature treatment improved the performance of HZSM-5 zeolites in n-heptane catalytic cracking,promoting the conversion and light olefins yield while inhibiting coke formation.Based on the kinetic and mechanism analysis,the improvement of HZSM-5 performance caused by high-temperature treatment has been attributed to the formation of extra-framework Al,which enhanced the acid strength,facilitated the bimolecular reaction,and promoted the entropy change to overcome a higher energy barrier in n-heptane catalytic cracking. 展开更多
关键词 HZSM-5 N-HEPTANE Catalytic cracking High-temperature treatment Extra-framework Al
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Brønsted-acid sites induced photocatalytic cracking of low-polarity polyethylene plastics
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作者 Qianyou Wen Quan Zhang +6 位作者 Zhengzheng Liu Huining Wang Shuya Hao Fan Zhang Lijuan Zhang Qing Han Gengfeng Zheng 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第9期509-515,共7页
Polyolefins such as polyethylene(PE)are one of the largest-scale synthetic plastics and play a key role in modern society.However,polyethylene is extremely inert to chemical recycling owing to its lack of chemical fun... Polyolefins such as polyethylene(PE)are one of the largest-scale synthetic plastics and play a key role in modern society.However,polyethylene is extremely inert to chemical recycling owing to its lack of chemical functionality and low polarity,making it one of the most challenging environmental hazards globally.Herein,we developed a phosphorylated CeO_(2)catalyst by an organophosphate precursor and featured efficient photocatalysis of low-density polyethylene(LDPE)without the acid or alkaline pre-treatment.Compared to pristine CeO_(2),the surface phosphorylation allows to introduce Brønsted acid sites,which facilitate to form carbonium ions on LDPE via protonation.In addition,the suitable band structure of the phosphorylated CeO_(2)catalyst enables efficient photoabsorption and generates reactive oxygen species,leading to the C–C bond cleavage of LDPE.As a result,the phosphorylated CeO_(2)catalyst exhibited an outstanding carbon conversion rate of>94%after 48 h of photocatalysis under 50 mW/cm^(2)of simulated sunlight,with a high CO_(2)product selectivity of>99%.Furthermore,the PE microparticles with sizes larger than 10μm released from LDPE plastic wrap were directly and completely degraded by photocatalysis within 12 h,suggesting an attractive and environmentally benign strategy of utilizing solar energy-based photocatalysis for reducing potential hazards of LDPE plastic trashes. 展开更多
关键词 Photocatalytic cracking POLYETHYLENE Surface phosphorylation Bronsted-acid site Carbon conversion
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A molecular insight into coke formation process of vacuum residue in thermal cracking reaction
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作者 Ji-Guang Li Xin Guo Huan-Di Hou 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期2130-2138,共9页
Understanding the coking behaviors has been considered to be really essential for developing better vacuum residue processing technologies.A battery of thermal cracking tests of typical vacuum residue at 410℃ with va... Understanding the coking behaviors has been considered to be really essential for developing better vacuum residue processing technologies.A battery of thermal cracking tests of typical vacuum residue at 410℃ with various reaction time were performed to evaluate the coke formation process.The total yields of ideal components including naphtha,atmospheric gas oil(AGO)and vacuum gas oil(VGO)of thermal cracking reactions increased from 10.89%to 40.81%,and the conversion ratios increased from8.05%to 43.33%with increasing the reaction time from 10 to 70 min.The asphaltene content increased from 12.14%to a maximum of 22.39%and then decreased,and this maximum of asphaltene content occurred at the end of the coking induction period.The asphaltenes during the coking induction period,at the end and after coking induction period of those tested thermal cracking reactions were characterized to disclose the structure changing rules for coke formation process,and the coke formation pathways were discussed to reveal the coke formation process at molecular level. 展开更多
关键词 Vacuum residue Thermal cracking ASPHALTENE Coking induction period SULFUR NITROGEN
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Preparation and Electrochemical Performance Study of Catalytic Cracking Oil Slurry-based Porous Carbon Materials
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作者 Liu Qi Zhao Gaiju +3 位作者 Liu Xingge Yu Hewei Sun Rongfeng Geng Wenguang 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第2期34-45,共12页
Catalytic cracking oil slurry is a by-product of catalytic cracking projects,and the efficient conversion and sustainable utilization of this material are issues of continuous concern in the petroleum refining industr... Catalytic cracking oil slurry is a by-product of catalytic cracking projects,and the efficient conversion and sustainable utilization of this material are issues of continuous concern in the petroleum refining industry.In this study,oxygen-enriched activated carbon is prepared using a one-step KOH activation method with catalytic cracking oil slurry as the raw material.The as-prepared oil slurry-based activated carbon exhibits a high specific surface area of 2102 m^(2)/g,welldefined micropores with an average diameter of 2 nm,and a rich oxygen doping content of 32.97%.The electrochemical performance of the nitrogen-doped porous carbon is tested in a three-electrode system using a 6 mol/L KOH solution as the electrolyte.It achieves a specific capacitance of up to 230 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g.Moreover,the capacitance retention rate exceeds 89%after 10000 charge and discharge cycles,demonstrating excellent cycle stability.This method not only improves the utilization efficiency of industrial fuel waste but also reduces the production cost of supercapacitor electrode materials,thereby providing a simple and effective strategy for the resource utilization of catalytic cracking oil slurries. 展开更多
关键词 catalytic cracking slurry porous carbon SUPERCAPACITOR KOH activation
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