Several studies are conducted to improve nutritional enrichment of ice cream. The aim of the present study was to produce healthy ice cream by partial replacement of fat with whey protein (WP), dietary fibers (oat (OT...Several studies are conducted to improve nutritional enrichment of ice cream. The aim of the present study was to produce healthy ice cream by partial replacement of fat with whey protein (WP), dietary fibers (oat (OT) and wheat germs (WG)) and modified starch (MS). Reduced fat ice cream (8% fat) was prepared as control. Healthy reduced fat ice cream was prepared by replacing 1% and 2% of fat with WP, OT, WG and MS. The fat replacement with OT and WG increased the fiber content of ice cream. In addition, ice cream from all treatments characterized by a significant great free radical scavenging activity when compared with control, especially when fat was replaced with WG, WP and OT, respectively. The sensory evaluation of ice cream revealed an enhancement of flavor when fat was replaced with 1% WP and OT and 2% WP (P < 0.05 vs. control). The modified starch treatments (1% and 2%) showed the highest viscosity followed by OT (2%) treatment (P < 0.05). In conclusion, these results showed that dietary fibers (OT & WG), WP and MS could be used to replace fat in ice cream and to give a healthy reduced fat ice cream with high fiber content and with high antioxidant activity.展开更多
Effects of frozen-storage on fatty acids profiles and basic nutrient contents of two types of low-fat caprine milk ice creams were investigated during 0, 2, 4, 8 weeks of storage at -18°C. Two types of the experi...Effects of frozen-storage on fatty acids profiles and basic nutrient contents of two types of low-fat caprine milk ice creams were investigated during 0, 2, 4, 8 weeks of storage at -18°C. Two types of the experimental low-fat soft-serve goat ice creams were manufactured using whole (full-fat) milk and 2% fat goat milk with addition of commercial powdered vanilla flavor pre-mix containing 0.25% fat (Alpha Freeze, D466-A9047, Tampa, FL, USA). Fatty acid concentrations were quantified using a Thermo Electronic gas chromatography (GC)-MS (Model TRACE GC Ultra, Austin, TX, USA) equiped with an automatic sampler (Model AS-3000, Thermo Electronic Co.). The results showed that fat content was the only basic nutrient component exhibited the difference between the two types of ice creams, while no other components have shown differences between the two low-fat ice creams during the storage periods. The level of lauric acid (C12:0) was the highest among all 16 fatty acids, followed by palmitic (C16:0), linoleic (C18:1), and myristic acid (C14:0). The high levels of the medium chain fatty acids (C12:0 and C14:0) might have been derived from the goat milk as well as the palm oil asa part of the ingredients in the commercial ice cream premix. Among long chain fatty acids, palmitic acid (C16:0) was the highest, followed by oleic acid (C18:1) and stearic acid (C18:0). All of the long chain fatty acids contents were significantly higher (P < 0.05 or 0.01) in whole milk ice cream than those in 2% fat ice cream, except for the C22:0 and C24:00 acids. It was concluded that mean levels of the individual fatty acids in the caprine ice creams were significantly influenced by the types of milk fat used in the ice creams, but not by storage periods and storage × fat type interaction effects.展开更多
Composition and utilization of nutria fat were studied in this paper.The results indicated that there were much amount of linoleic acid-necessary for human being and abundant fat-soluble vitamins VA,VE and VK.Nutria o...Composition and utilization of nutria fat were studied in this paper.The results indicated that there were much amount of linoleic acid-necessary for human being and abundant fat-soluble vitamins VA,VE and VK.Nutria oil is tasteless, clear transparent and stable. The nourishing cream made from it had good cold or heat- resistance properties and it is a perfect natural cosmetics.展开更多
The objective of this study was to survey the fatty acid profiles of fat spreads, margarines, shortenings, vegetable fat ice creams, vegetable fat milk-based cream substitutes, vegetable fat cheese substitutes, and re...The objective of this study was to survey the fatty acid profiles of fat spreads, margarines, shortenings, vegetable fat ice creams, vegetable fat milk-based cream substitutes, vegetable fat cheese substitutes, and reduced-fat cheeses on the Finnish market. The evaluation of the nutritional quality of fat in these products is of significance to dieticians and to the development of fat products with enhanced nutritional value. Remarkable differences between fatty acid profiles of vegetable fat products were found. Vegetable fat ice creams may have a lot of saturated fat and, in addition, the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids may be very low. Vegetable fat half creams had, in general, less saturated fat and more polyunsaturated fatty acids than cream. The spreads and shortenings studied contained less than 2% trans fatty acids of total fatty acids. Consumption of reduced-fat cheese in place of full-fat cheese does not negatively affect the nutritional quality of the consumed fat.展开更多
分别利用浓缩牛乳蛋白(milk protein concentrate,MPC)、菊粉、葡聚糖及其复合物(浓缩牛乳蛋白-菊粉(MPC-inulin,M-I)、浓缩牛乳蛋白-葡聚糖(MPC-dextran,M-D))作为脂肪替代物制作无脂软质冰淇淋。通过仪器分析和感官评价综合分析其替...分别利用浓缩牛乳蛋白(milk protein concentrate,MPC)、菊粉、葡聚糖及其复合物(浓缩牛乳蛋白-菊粉(MPC-inulin,M-I)、浓缩牛乳蛋白-葡聚糖(MPC-dextran,M-D))作为脂肪替代物制作无脂软质冰淇淋。通过仪器分析和感官评价综合分析其替代脂肪效果。结果表明,不同实验组冰淇淋在p H值、滴定酸度和膨胀率方面无明显差异,葡聚糖及菊粉的添加增加了体系稳定性,MPC可以增加体系黏度并延缓融化速率。葡聚糖组冰淇淋具有与对照组冰淇淋相似的粒径分布,而MPC组、菊粉组和M-D组的粒径更小且分布更为集中。M-I组和M-D组的频率扫描和温度扫描的动态流变学参数与对照组更为接近。感官评价分析表明,M-I和M-D组具有较好脂肪类似的口感。回归分析进一步得到整体口感与温度依赖的动态流变学参数的回归模型,为模拟低脂软冰淇淋顺滑细腻的口感提供可行的评价方法。展开更多
文摘Several studies are conducted to improve nutritional enrichment of ice cream. The aim of the present study was to produce healthy ice cream by partial replacement of fat with whey protein (WP), dietary fibers (oat (OT) and wheat germs (WG)) and modified starch (MS). Reduced fat ice cream (8% fat) was prepared as control. Healthy reduced fat ice cream was prepared by replacing 1% and 2% of fat with WP, OT, WG and MS. The fat replacement with OT and WG increased the fiber content of ice cream. In addition, ice cream from all treatments characterized by a significant great free radical scavenging activity when compared with control, especially when fat was replaced with WG, WP and OT, respectively. The sensory evaluation of ice cream revealed an enhancement of flavor when fat was replaced with 1% WP and OT and 2% WP (P < 0.05 vs. control). The modified starch treatments (1% and 2%) showed the highest viscosity followed by OT (2%) treatment (P < 0.05). In conclusion, these results showed that dietary fibers (OT & WG), WP and MS could be used to replace fat in ice cream and to give a healthy reduced fat ice cream with high fiber content and with high antioxidant activity.
文摘Effects of frozen-storage on fatty acids profiles and basic nutrient contents of two types of low-fat caprine milk ice creams were investigated during 0, 2, 4, 8 weeks of storage at -18°C. Two types of the experimental low-fat soft-serve goat ice creams were manufactured using whole (full-fat) milk and 2% fat goat milk with addition of commercial powdered vanilla flavor pre-mix containing 0.25% fat (Alpha Freeze, D466-A9047, Tampa, FL, USA). Fatty acid concentrations were quantified using a Thermo Electronic gas chromatography (GC)-MS (Model TRACE GC Ultra, Austin, TX, USA) equiped with an automatic sampler (Model AS-3000, Thermo Electronic Co.). The results showed that fat content was the only basic nutrient component exhibited the difference between the two types of ice creams, while no other components have shown differences between the two low-fat ice creams during the storage periods. The level of lauric acid (C12:0) was the highest among all 16 fatty acids, followed by palmitic (C16:0), linoleic (C18:1), and myristic acid (C14:0). The high levels of the medium chain fatty acids (C12:0 and C14:0) might have been derived from the goat milk as well as the palm oil asa part of the ingredients in the commercial ice cream premix. Among long chain fatty acids, palmitic acid (C16:0) was the highest, followed by oleic acid (C18:1) and stearic acid (C18:0). All of the long chain fatty acids contents were significantly higher (P < 0.05 or 0.01) in whole milk ice cream than those in 2% fat ice cream, except for the C22:0 and C24:00 acids. It was concluded that mean levels of the individual fatty acids in the caprine ice creams were significantly influenced by the types of milk fat used in the ice creams, but not by storage periods and storage × fat type interaction effects.
文摘Composition and utilization of nutria fat were studied in this paper.The results indicated that there were much amount of linoleic acid-necessary for human being and abundant fat-soluble vitamins VA,VE and VK.Nutria oil is tasteless, clear transparent and stable. The nourishing cream made from it had good cold or heat- resistance properties and it is a perfect natural cosmetics.
文摘The objective of this study was to survey the fatty acid profiles of fat spreads, margarines, shortenings, vegetable fat ice creams, vegetable fat milk-based cream substitutes, vegetable fat cheese substitutes, and reduced-fat cheeses on the Finnish market. The evaluation of the nutritional quality of fat in these products is of significance to dieticians and to the development of fat products with enhanced nutritional value. Remarkable differences between fatty acid profiles of vegetable fat products were found. Vegetable fat ice creams may have a lot of saturated fat and, in addition, the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids may be very low. Vegetable fat half creams had, in general, less saturated fat and more polyunsaturated fatty acids than cream. The spreads and shortenings studied contained less than 2% trans fatty acids of total fatty acids. Consumption of reduced-fat cheese in place of full-fat cheese does not negatively affect the nutritional quality of the consumed fat.
文摘分别利用浓缩牛乳蛋白(milk protein concentrate,MPC)、菊粉、葡聚糖及其复合物(浓缩牛乳蛋白-菊粉(MPC-inulin,M-I)、浓缩牛乳蛋白-葡聚糖(MPC-dextran,M-D))作为脂肪替代物制作无脂软质冰淇淋。通过仪器分析和感官评价综合分析其替代脂肪效果。结果表明,不同实验组冰淇淋在p H值、滴定酸度和膨胀率方面无明显差异,葡聚糖及菊粉的添加增加了体系稳定性,MPC可以增加体系黏度并延缓融化速率。葡聚糖组冰淇淋具有与对照组冰淇淋相似的粒径分布,而MPC组、菊粉组和M-D组的粒径更小且分布更为集中。M-I组和M-D组的频率扫描和温度扫描的动态流变学参数与对照组更为接近。感官评价分析表明,M-I和M-D组具有较好脂肪类似的口感。回归分析进一步得到整体口感与温度依赖的动态流变学参数的回归模型,为模拟低脂软冰淇淋顺滑细腻的口感提供可行的评价方法。
