Due to typesetting mistake,Hanul Min was missed to be denoted as a corresponding author in the article.The type-setter apologizes for this.The original article has been corrected.Open Access This article is licensed u...Due to typesetting mistake,Hanul Min was missed to be denoted as a corresponding author in the article.The type-setter apologizes for this.The original article has been corrected.Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License,which permits use,sharing,adaptation,distribution and reproduction in any medium or format,as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s)and the source,provide a link to the Creative Commons licence,and indicate if changes were made.The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence,unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material.If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use,you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.展开更多
In the very beginning,the Computer Laboratory of the University of Cambridge was founded to provide computing service for different disciplines across the university.As computer science developed as a discipline in it...In the very beginning,the Computer Laboratory of the University of Cambridge was founded to provide computing service for different disciplines across the university.As computer science developed as a discipline in its own right,boundaries necessarily arose between it and other disciplines,in a way that is now often detrimental to progress.Therefore,it is necessary to reinvigorate the relationship between computer science and other academic disciplines and celebrate exploration and creativity in research.To do this,the structures of the academic department have to act as supporting scaffolding rather than barriers.Some examples are given that show the efforts being made at the University of Cambridge to approach this problem.展开更多
To revive the nation,the rural area must be revitalized.Every regional cultural and creative industry has its own development path and practical mode.From the perspective of rural revitalization,this paper conducts re...To revive the nation,the rural area must be revitalized.Every regional cultural and creative industry has its own development path and practical mode.From the perspective of rural revitalization,this paper conducts research on the development model of cultural and creative design,and analyzes the significance of the integration of creative design with rural regional culture.Based on the current situation of rural cultural and creative development in Shanxi Province,this study proposes to form a brand communication chain through the integration between cultural design and rural culture,and the establishment of cultural and creative brands,furthermore,to establish trending topics through multiple channels.Finally,the important practical significance of cultural and creative design in promoting rural economic development and enhancing rural culture value is discussed in this design strategy,so as to actively help the new journey of rural revitalization.展开更多
Under the core guideline of creating a reading response that is the same on both sides of the native and target readers,Eugene A.Nida puts his translation theory in form of functional equivalence.Thus translation beco...Under the core guideline of creating a reading response that is the same on both sides of the native and target readers,Eugene A.Nida puts his translation theory in form of functional equivalence.Thus translation becomes a task of reproduction of providing in the target language the closest version that is natural and idiomatic in style,context and semantics.Due to various reasons,creative translations can be made to fulfill that purpose.The second thought and the thorough manipulation of words and expressions help bridge the discrepancy in comprehending the source language and the translated one,whose requirements literal and traditional ways of handling translation may fail to meet.展开更多
In the realm of psychology and language acquisition,the exploration of“individual differences”-encompassing attributes such as personality traits,motivation,and language aptitude-has long been a focal point of schol...In the realm of psychology and language acquisition,the exploration of“individual differences”-encompassing attributes such as personality traits,motivation,and language aptitude-has long been a focal point of scholarly investigation.Within this sphere,the book“Researching Creativity in Second Language Acquisition”by Ashleigh Pipes offers a fresh perspective on the role of creativity as a significant individual difference in Second Language Acquisition(SLA).Positioned against the backdrop of extensive empirical research on individual differences,this book stands out by focusing on the often overlooked aspect of creativity,which Pipes argues,holds paramount importance in SLA.展开更多
Music is essentially a sonic phenomenon, an intangible art that we experience through our auditory organs. It is written as a physical note on paper. It is the result of harmony and composition of music that expresses...Music is essentially a sonic phenomenon, an intangible art that we experience through our auditory organs. It is written as a physical note on paper. It is the result of harmony and composition of music that expresses the meaning of music created from the author’s mind, thinking, skills, and feelings, or composition or work. If a composition is not interpreted by a musician and set to music, it is nothing more than a notation and notation written down on paper. The main process of conveying the composition to the listeners through the musician’s interpretation of the music is somewhat overlooked. Therefore, in this research, the musician’s thinking and editing method, and how to express it through interpretation, were the doctoral dissertation and articles of researchers such as have been studied in comparison.展开更多
Activity 1Think about the following questions and write down your answers before reading the text.1.Do you know some information about embroidery(刺绣)?2.Can you think of any other creative strategies to preserve our ...Activity 1Think about the following questions and write down your answers before reading the text.1.Do you know some information about embroidery(刺绣)?2.Can you think of any other creative strategies to preserve our traditional crafts?展开更多
Activity 1Think about the following questions and write down your answers before reading the text.1.What do you think of Nathan's unique way of spreading joy and making people smile?2.Can you think of any other cr...Activity 1Think about the following questions and write down your answers before reading the text.1.What do you think of Nathan's unique way of spreading joy and making people smile?2.Can you think of any other creative ways individuals can bring happiness and positivity to others?展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the influences of entrepreneurship training on the innovation potential among nursing students.Methods:A quasi-experimental design was utilized to conduct this study.The study was conducted in th...Objective:To evaluate the influences of entrepreneurship training on the innovation potential among nursing students.Methods:A quasi-experimental design was utilized to conduct this study.The study was conducted in the classroom at the faculty of nursing,and the“i Hub”center at Ain Shams University(ASU)in Cairo,Egypt.A purposive sample of 42 nursing students who participated in the“Ain Shams University-innovate”competition from the Faculty of Nursing of ASU were included in this study.Data collection tools included(1)Nursing students'innovation skills assessment questionnaire and(2)Innovative projects evaluation tool.Results:There was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of nursing students'total innovation skills pre-and post-implementation of entrepreneurship training,where P-value<0.05.Conclusions:The results of the current study support the research hypothesis because the implementation of entrepreneurship training positively affects nursing students'innovation potential.Developing entrepreneurship education in nursing and integrating it into nursing programs will stimulate creativity,innovation,and entrepreneurship among nursing students and health care services.展开更多
The emergence of generative artificial intelligence(AI)has had a huge impact on all areas of life,including the field of education.AI can assist teachers in cultivating talents and promoting personalized learning and ...The emergence of generative artificial intelligence(AI)has had a huge impact on all areas of life,including the field of education.AI can assist teachers in cultivating talents and promoting personalized learning and teaching,but it also prevents individuals from thinking independently and creatively.In the era of generative AI,the rapid development of technology and its significant impact on the field of education are inevitable.There are many educational issues related to it,such as teaching methods,student training goals,teaching philosophy and purposes,and other educational issues,that require re-conceptualization and review.展开更多
This research establishes a strategic framework for developing a salt culture-themed agricultural garden in Jintan,Jiangsu to boost rural vibrancy and cultural tourism while honoring local salt heritage.It employs the...This research establishes a strategic framework for developing a salt culture-themed agricultural garden in Jintan,Jiangsu to boost rural vibrancy and cultural tourism while honoring local salt heritage.It employs the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)for a data-driven and structured approach to evaluate the sustainability and cultural significance of agricultural initiatives.This framework ensures a balanced blend of agriculture,culture,and tourism to foster a sustainable and culturally rich experience.The study highlights the value of structured methodologies in planning culturally impactful agricultural projects.展开更多
This article aims to explore strategies for integrating mental health education into art education to address students’mental health issues and enhance their emotional intelligence and creative thinking skills.It ide...This article aims to explore strategies for integrating mental health education into art education to address students’mental health issues and enhance their emotional intelligence and creative thinking skills.It identifies the current problems in teaching,including a lack of comprehensive methods,insufficient teacher training,and inadequate assessment and feedback.Based on these issues,strategies for curriculum design,teacher training and support,and student engagement and feedback are proposed.These strategies are expected to promote the effective integration of art education and mental health education,providing support for the comprehensive development of students.展开更多
With the release of China Education Modernization 2035,education modernization has become a national strategic goal.In this context,Chongqing Energy Vocational College is actively exploring the“four integration and f...With the release of China Education Modernization 2035,education modernization has become a national strategic goal.In this context,Chongqing Energy Vocational College is actively exploring the“four integration and four innovation”specialized and creative integration talent cultivation mode,aiming at cultivating high-quality talents with innovative spirit and practical skills.This paper analyzes the status quo and challenges of talent cultivation in higher vocational education,puts forward the main practices of innovation-driven,creation and research,cross-border integration,and innovative practice,and has achieved remarkable results.Additionally,it summarizes the experience revelation and provides a reference for other higher vocational colleges and universities.展开更多
The research explored the ways and means of narrative design in which regional cultural elements are integrated into cultural and creative products.It also researched a new way of thinking and methods of creative prod...The research explored the ways and means of narrative design in which regional cultural elements are integrated into cultural and creative products.It also researched a new way of thinking and methods of creative product design based on regional cultural elements in order to satisfy consumers’emotional and cultural experiences.Narrative theory takes the perspective of narrative expression in the design of cultural and creative products.The regional cultural elements were used for better interactive communication with consumers in the form of cultural and creative products.In the narrative of cultural and creative product design,intervening in the development of regional cultural and creative design from the perspective of narratology can better exert and create the cultural value of the region itself,with cultural and creative products playing an important role in“local cultural stories.”This research adopted a qualitative approach and provided ideas and guidance for the narrative design and expression of regional cultural elements in creative products through comparative analysis of case studies.The research highlighted the role of narrative design in creating multi-layered experiences,weaving regional cultural stories into products,and the importance of deep understanding and effective use of regional cultural elements in design.展开更多
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License,which permits use,sharing,adaptation,distribution and reproduction in any medium or format,as long as you give approp...Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License,which permits use,sharing,adaptation,distribution and reproduction in any medium or format,as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s)and the source,provide a link to the Creative Commons licence,and indicate if changes were made.The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence,unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material.展开更多
This study aims to discuss the possibility of becoming conscious of certain aspects of one’s own existence through creative activity.The discussion involves Piagetian constructivism and Steiner’s ideas about human d...This study aims to discuss the possibility of becoming conscious of certain aspects of one’s own existence through creative activity.The discussion involves Piagetian constructivism and Steiner’s ideas about human development and is justified by the contribution of creative activity to the development of autonomy,according to Piaget,and to the development of an ethical individuality,according to Steiner.The participation of adults in sessions of creative process,as well as the questions posed after this activity,asking for the relationships between what they created and their life,is evidence of practices favourable to increasing the grasping of consciousness of self and of the process of developing an ethical individuality.展开更多
This research paper delves into the connection, between problem-solving and music. It’s a topic that has piqued the interest of scholars in fields, including science and neuroscience. The study explores how music can...This research paper delves into the connection, between problem-solving and music. It’s a topic that has piqued the interest of scholars in fields, including science and neuroscience. The study explores how music can influence our ability to think divergently which is an aspect of creative thinking. It builds upon advancements in methods to investigate the relationship between music and divergent thinking aiming to uncover potential correlations. Doing it offers insights into the interplay between artistic expression and cognitive innovation. This research combines an analysis of existing literature with data collected from a group of participants shedding light on how music impacts our capacity for creative thinking. It demonstrates that music plays a role as a catalyst, for stimulating and enhancing thinking abilities.展开更多
During the China International Fair For Trade In Services 2023,China Gift and iiMedia Consulting released the Research Report on the Development of China’s Cultural Creativity and Gift Economy Industry(hereinafter re...During the China International Fair For Trade In Services 2023,China Gift and iiMedia Consulting released the Research Report on the Development of China’s Cultural Creativity and Gift Economy Industry(hereinafter referred to as the Report),which showed that the market size of China’s gift economy industry increased from RMB 800 billion to nearly RMB 1.23 trillion from 2018 to 2022,showing an increasing trend year by year.It is estimated that the market size of China’s gift economy will reach nearly RMB 1.38 trillion in 2024 and RMB 1.62 trillion in 2027.展开更多
This article aims to explore the current status of creative protection for artists in the field of art.With the further development of modern society,the development of the art market,and the continuous growth of the ...This article aims to explore the current status of creative protection for artists in the field of art.With the further development of modern society,the development of the art market,and the continuous growth of the market value of artist works,the protection of artistic creativity has also attracted increasing attention and become a focus.Firstly,the article will introduce the connotation and extension of artistic creativity,as well as the importance and significance of protection.Secondly,this article will explore the challenges faced by the protection of artistic creativity,including issues such as piracy and infringement,and propose corresponding tentative solutions.Finally,through specific analysis,the current status of artistic and creative protection will be summarized,and future development directions will be looked forward to.展开更多
The thesis of this paper is a refutation of Wale Adenuga’s claim that the human person is nothing but a pencil in the hand of the creator.The paper adopts a hermeneutical approach from an Igbo conception of the human...The thesis of this paper is a refutation of Wale Adenuga’s claim that the human person is nothing but a pencil in the hand of the creator.The paper adopts a hermeneutical approach from an Igbo conception of the human person.It posits that in Igbo worldview,the human person occupies a central position because mankind is at the very centre of existence;hence is seen as the goodness or beauty of life(mma ndu)or the good or beauty that is(mma du{di}).While conceding the plausibility of a pencil being capable of doing great things when guided by a good hand,the paper maintains that from the point of view of Igbo ontology,the human person is distinctively more than a mere pencil in the hand of the creator because mankind is endowed with high intellectual capacity,freedom,and creativity on the basis of which it seen as both the beauty that is(mma du)or the beauty or goodness of life(mma ndu).Thus,the paper concludes that the fact that the human person is endowed with these attributes provides rational grounds to render Wale Adenuga’s concept of the human person as“nothing but a pencil in the hand of the creator”futile.展开更多
文摘Due to typesetting mistake,Hanul Min was missed to be denoted as a corresponding author in the article.The type-setter apologizes for this.The original article has been corrected.Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License,which permits use,sharing,adaptation,distribution and reproduction in any medium or format,as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s)and the source,provide a link to the Creative Commons licence,and indicate if changes were made.The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence,unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material.If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use,you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.
文摘In the very beginning,the Computer Laboratory of the University of Cambridge was founded to provide computing service for different disciplines across the university.As computer science developed as a discipline in its own right,boundaries necessarily arose between it and other disciplines,in a way that is now often detrimental to progress.Therefore,it is necessary to reinvigorate the relationship between computer science and other academic disciplines and celebrate exploration and creativity in research.To do this,the structures of the academic department have to act as supporting scaffolding rather than barriers.Some examples are given that show the efforts being made at the University of Cambridge to approach this problem.
文摘To revive the nation,the rural area must be revitalized.Every regional cultural and creative industry has its own development path and practical mode.From the perspective of rural revitalization,this paper conducts research on the development model of cultural and creative design,and analyzes the significance of the integration of creative design with rural regional culture.Based on the current situation of rural cultural and creative development in Shanxi Province,this study proposes to form a brand communication chain through the integration between cultural design and rural culture,and the establishment of cultural and creative brands,furthermore,to establish trending topics through multiple channels.Finally,the important practical significance of cultural and creative design in promoting rural economic development and enhancing rural culture value is discussed in this design strategy,so as to actively help the new journey of rural revitalization.
文摘Under the core guideline of creating a reading response that is the same on both sides of the native and target readers,Eugene A.Nida puts his translation theory in form of functional equivalence.Thus translation becomes a task of reproduction of providing in the target language the closest version that is natural and idiomatic in style,context and semantics.Due to various reasons,creative translations can be made to fulfill that purpose.The second thought and the thorough manipulation of words and expressions help bridge the discrepancy in comprehending the source language and the translated one,whose requirements literal and traditional ways of handling translation may fail to meet.
文摘In the realm of psychology and language acquisition,the exploration of“individual differences”-encompassing attributes such as personality traits,motivation,and language aptitude-has long been a focal point of scholarly investigation.Within this sphere,the book“Researching Creativity in Second Language Acquisition”by Ashleigh Pipes offers a fresh perspective on the role of creativity as a significant individual difference in Second Language Acquisition(SLA).Positioned against the backdrop of extensive empirical research on individual differences,this book stands out by focusing on the often overlooked aspect of creativity,which Pipes argues,holds paramount importance in SLA.
文摘Music is essentially a sonic phenomenon, an intangible art that we experience through our auditory organs. It is written as a physical note on paper. It is the result of harmony and composition of music that expresses the meaning of music created from the author’s mind, thinking, skills, and feelings, or composition or work. If a composition is not interpreted by a musician and set to music, it is nothing more than a notation and notation written down on paper. The main process of conveying the composition to the listeners through the musician’s interpretation of the music is somewhat overlooked. Therefore, in this research, the musician’s thinking and editing method, and how to express it through interpretation, were the doctoral dissertation and articles of researchers such as have been studied in comparison.
文摘Activity 1Think about the following questions and write down your answers before reading the text.1.Do you know some information about embroidery(刺绣)?2.Can you think of any other creative strategies to preserve our traditional crafts?
文摘Activity 1Think about the following questions and write down your answers before reading the text.1.What do you think of Nathan's unique way of spreading joy and making people smile?2.Can you think of any other creative ways individuals can bring happiness and positivity to others?
文摘Objective:To evaluate the influences of entrepreneurship training on the innovation potential among nursing students.Methods:A quasi-experimental design was utilized to conduct this study.The study was conducted in the classroom at the faculty of nursing,and the“i Hub”center at Ain Shams University(ASU)in Cairo,Egypt.A purposive sample of 42 nursing students who participated in the“Ain Shams University-innovate”competition from the Faculty of Nursing of ASU were included in this study.Data collection tools included(1)Nursing students'innovation skills assessment questionnaire and(2)Innovative projects evaluation tool.Results:There was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of nursing students'total innovation skills pre-and post-implementation of entrepreneurship training,where P-value<0.05.Conclusions:The results of the current study support the research hypothesis because the implementation of entrepreneurship training positively affects nursing students'innovation potential.Developing entrepreneurship education in nursing and integrating it into nursing programs will stimulate creativity,innovation,and entrepreneurship among nursing students and health care services.
文摘The emergence of generative artificial intelligence(AI)has had a huge impact on all areas of life,including the field of education.AI can assist teachers in cultivating talents and promoting personalized learning and teaching,but it also prevents individuals from thinking independently and creatively.In the era of generative AI,the rapid development of technology and its significant impact on the field of education are inevitable.There are many educational issues related to it,such as teaching methods,student training goals,teaching philosophy and purposes,and other educational issues,that require re-conceptualization and review.
基金supported by the Chenguang Program of the Shanghai Education Development Foundation and the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission.
文摘This research establishes a strategic framework for developing a salt culture-themed agricultural garden in Jintan,Jiangsu to boost rural vibrancy and cultural tourism while honoring local salt heritage.It employs the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)for a data-driven and structured approach to evaluate the sustainability and cultural significance of agricultural initiatives.This framework ensures a balanced blend of agriculture,culture,and tourism to foster a sustainable and culturally rich experience.The study highlights the value of structured methodologies in planning culturally impactful agricultural projects.
文摘This article aims to explore strategies for integrating mental health education into art education to address students’mental health issues and enhance their emotional intelligence and creative thinking skills.It identifies the current problems in teaching,including a lack of comprehensive methods,insufficient teacher training,and inadequate assessment and feedback.Based on these issues,strategies for curriculum design,teacher training and support,and student engagement and feedback are proposed.These strategies are expected to promote the effective integration of art education and mental health education,providing support for the comprehensive development of students.
文摘With the release of China Education Modernization 2035,education modernization has become a national strategic goal.In this context,Chongqing Energy Vocational College is actively exploring the“four integration and four innovation”specialized and creative integration talent cultivation mode,aiming at cultivating high-quality talents with innovative spirit and practical skills.This paper analyzes the status quo and challenges of talent cultivation in higher vocational education,puts forward the main practices of innovation-driven,creation and research,cross-border integration,and innovative practice,and has achieved remarkable results.Additionally,it summarizes the experience revelation and provides a reference for other higher vocational colleges and universities.
文摘The research explored the ways and means of narrative design in which regional cultural elements are integrated into cultural and creative products.It also researched a new way of thinking and methods of creative product design based on regional cultural elements in order to satisfy consumers’emotional and cultural experiences.Narrative theory takes the perspective of narrative expression in the design of cultural and creative products.The regional cultural elements were used for better interactive communication with consumers in the form of cultural and creative products.In the narrative of cultural and creative product design,intervening in the development of regional cultural and creative design from the perspective of narratology can better exert and create the cultural value of the region itself,with cultural and creative products playing an important role in“local cultural stories.”This research adopted a qualitative approach and provided ideas and guidance for the narrative design and expression of regional cultural elements in creative products through comparative analysis of case studies.The research highlighted the role of narrative design in creating multi-layered experiences,weaving regional cultural stories into products,and the importance of deep understanding and effective use of regional cultural elements in design.
文摘Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License,which permits use,sharing,adaptation,distribution and reproduction in any medium or format,as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s)and the source,provide a link to the Creative Commons licence,and indicate if changes were made.The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence,unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material.
文摘This study aims to discuss the possibility of becoming conscious of certain aspects of one’s own existence through creative activity.The discussion involves Piagetian constructivism and Steiner’s ideas about human development and is justified by the contribution of creative activity to the development of autonomy,according to Piaget,and to the development of an ethical individuality,according to Steiner.The participation of adults in sessions of creative process,as well as the questions posed after this activity,asking for the relationships between what they created and their life,is evidence of practices favourable to increasing the grasping of consciousness of self and of the process of developing an ethical individuality.
文摘This research paper delves into the connection, between problem-solving and music. It’s a topic that has piqued the interest of scholars in fields, including science and neuroscience. The study explores how music can influence our ability to think divergently which is an aspect of creative thinking. It builds upon advancements in methods to investigate the relationship between music and divergent thinking aiming to uncover potential correlations. Doing it offers insights into the interplay between artistic expression and cognitive innovation. This research combines an analysis of existing literature with data collected from a group of participants shedding light on how music impacts our capacity for creative thinking. It demonstrates that music plays a role as a catalyst, for stimulating and enhancing thinking abilities.
文摘During the China International Fair For Trade In Services 2023,China Gift and iiMedia Consulting released the Research Report on the Development of China’s Cultural Creativity and Gift Economy Industry(hereinafter referred to as the Report),which showed that the market size of China’s gift economy industry increased from RMB 800 billion to nearly RMB 1.23 trillion from 2018 to 2022,showing an increasing trend year by year.It is estimated that the market size of China’s gift economy will reach nearly RMB 1.38 trillion in 2024 and RMB 1.62 trillion in 2027.
文摘This article aims to explore the current status of creative protection for artists in the field of art.With the further development of modern society,the development of the art market,and the continuous growth of the market value of artist works,the protection of artistic creativity has also attracted increasing attention and become a focus.Firstly,the article will introduce the connotation and extension of artistic creativity,as well as the importance and significance of protection.Secondly,this article will explore the challenges faced by the protection of artistic creativity,including issues such as piracy and infringement,and propose corresponding tentative solutions.Finally,through specific analysis,the current status of artistic and creative protection will be summarized,and future development directions will be looked forward to.
文摘The thesis of this paper is a refutation of Wale Adenuga’s claim that the human person is nothing but a pencil in the hand of the creator.The paper adopts a hermeneutical approach from an Igbo conception of the human person.It posits that in Igbo worldview,the human person occupies a central position because mankind is at the very centre of existence;hence is seen as the goodness or beauty of life(mma ndu)or the good or beauty that is(mma du{di}).While conceding the plausibility of a pencil being capable of doing great things when guided by a good hand,the paper maintains that from the point of view of Igbo ontology,the human person is distinctively more than a mere pencil in the hand of the creator because mankind is endowed with high intellectual capacity,freedom,and creativity on the basis of which it seen as both the beauty that is(mma du)or the beauty or goodness of life(mma ndu).Thus,the paper concludes that the fact that the human person is endowed with these attributes provides rational grounds to render Wale Adenuga’s concept of the human person as“nothing but a pencil in the hand of the creator”futile.