BACKGROUND:Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) impairs quality of life and predicts overt hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in cirrhotic patients.Diagnosis of MHE requires cumbersome tests.Lactulose is effective in the tre...BACKGROUND:Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) impairs quality of life and predicts overt hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in cirrhotic patients.Diagnosis of MHE requires cumbersome tests.Lactulose is effective in the treatment of MHE.This study aimed to evaluate the use of critical flicker frequency (CFF) for the diagnosis of MHE in cirrhotic patients after treatment.METHODS:One hundred and ten patients were evaluated by psychometry (number connection tests A,B or figure connection tests A,B),P300 auditory event related potential (P300ERP),venous ammonia,and CFF for MHE.MHE was diagnosed by abnormal psychometry (>2SD age matched controls) and P300ERP.MHE patients were treated with lactulose for one month.Response was defined by normalization (<2SD of matched controls) of both psychometry and P300ERP.RESULTS:Of the 110 patients [Child Turcott Pugh score A:B:C 39:42:29,(age 41.6±11.6 years,M:F 82:28)],75 (68%) had abnormal results of psychometric tests,and 74 (67%) had prolonged P300ERP.Fifteen (20%) patients with abnormal results of psychometric tests had normal P300ERP.Thus sixty (54.5%) patients were diagnosed as having MHE.After treatment for one month,34 (57%) recovered while 26 (43%) continued to have abnormal resents of psychometric or P300ERP tests.CFF was <39 Hz in 72 (65.4%) patients before treatment and in 20 (33.3%) after treatment.CFF sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,and diagnostic accuracy for the assessment of recovery of MHE were 65%,91%,85%,77% and 80%,respectively.CONCLUSION:CFF is a simple,relatively reliable,and accurate test without any dependence on age or literacy in the diagnosis and assessment of recovery of patients with MHE.展开更多
Background:Due to media opacity,it is usually difficult to accurately evaluate the postoperative visual acuity in cataracts patients.As a small and portable tool,the critical flicker fusion frequency(CFF)device reflec...Background:Due to media opacity,it is usually difficult to accurately evaluate the postoperative visual acuity in cataracts patients.As a small and portable tool,the critical flicker fusion frequency(CFF)device reflects the temporal resolution of visual function and has been widely used in clinical research.However,poor understanding of the technique and equipment limitations have restricted its clinical application in China.Main text:There was a decrease in the CFF value in various ophthalmic diseases,indicating that the CFF is sensitive to detect visual functional changes.A number of studies have shown that the CFF test can accurately distinguish patients with simple cataracts from those with cataracts combined with fundus disease,and,as a visual test,it can more accurately predict postoperative visual acuity without being affected by media opacity.This study comprehensive reviews the basic principles of CFF and its application in ophthalmology,especially in cataracts.Conclusions:As one of the tools for dynamic visual function detection,the CFF test could help doctors to assess the possible presence of fundus disease in cataracts patients,especially in eyes with dense cataracts,and more precisely provide a reasonable visual prognosis than other available visual tests.展开更多
为了评估临界闪光融合频率(critical flicker fusion frequency,CFF)和眼动追踪中的眼睛闭合时间占某一特定时间的百分率(percentage of eyelid closure over the pupil over time,PERCLOS)检测管制疲劳的性能,利用模拟塔台管制软件和...为了评估临界闪光融合频率(critical flicker fusion frequency,CFF)和眼动追踪中的眼睛闭合时间占某一特定时间的百分率(percentage of eyelid closure over the pupil over time,PERCLOS)检测管制疲劳的性能,利用模拟塔台管制软件和眼动仪搭建实验平台,采集被试的CFF、PERCLOS和主观疲劳数据,从疲劳前后指标变化的差异显著性检验,与疲劳的相关性以及受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)3个方面分析探讨了CFF和PERCLOS检测管制疲劳的性能。结果表明:疲劳前后被试的CFF和PERCLOS均差异显著,且与疲劳呈高度显著相关。CFF和PERCLOS检测管制疲劳的效果分别为中等和较好,两者联合可以作为很好的管制疲劳检测指标。展开更多
Purpose:To investigate the application of critical flicker fusion frequency(CFF)in demyelinating optic neuritis(DON).Methods:A cross-sectional study.A total of 127 eyes in 69 DON patients and 63 eyes in 33 healthy con...Purpose:To investigate the application of critical flicker fusion frequency(CFF)in demyelinating optic neuritis(DON).Methods:A cross-sectional study.A total of 127 eyes in 69 DON patients and 63 eyes in 33 healthy control(HC)groups were included between January 2021 to September 2021 from Department of Ophthalmology,PLA General Hospital.Patients underwent best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),visual field,optical coherence tomography(OCT),flash visual evoked potential(F-VEP),and CFF examinations.The affected eyes were divided into aquaporins 4(AQP4-),myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(MOG-),and double negative DON according to serum antibody;mild,moderate,severe degree visual impairment according to BCVA0.5,0.1-0.5,<0.1;and 4 groups:<1,1~<3,3~<6 and>6 months according to time interval from onset to CFF examination.One-way ANOVA was used to perform above subgroup analysis.The correlations between CFF and F-VEP peak time,peak value,BCVA and mean visual filed defect(MD)were analyzed in order via Pearson correlation analysis.Results:he trichromatic values of red,green,and yellow in DON affected eyes were 21.83±9.03,23.66±10.21,24.09±10.77 Hz,respectively,which was significantly reduced compared with the HC group(t=-14.82,-14.22,-14.00;P<0.001).The subgroup analysis showed no significant difference between different antibody subtypes(P=0.914<0.848<0.604),whereas,a significant decrease of CFF trichromatic value was found in severe visual acuity impairment group(P<0.001).There was a significant difference in CFF-trichromatic values at different time points(P<0.001),to be specific,CFF fluctuated under 20Hz within 3 months after onset and tended to be stable around 24-28Hz.Correlation analysis showed that the peak time of F-VEP(r=-0.486,-0.515,-0.526;P<0.001),BVCA(r=-0.640,-0.659,-0.642;P<0.001),were negatively correlated with CFF trichromatic values,MD and CFF were positively correlated(r=0.486,0.453,0.476;P=0.003,0.006,0.004).Conclusions:A significant decrease of CFF value was found in DON-affected eyes,and it has a good correlation with BCVA,MD and latency of F-VEP,and can better reflect the impairment of visual function.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND:Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) impairs quality of life and predicts overt hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in cirrhotic patients.Diagnosis of MHE requires cumbersome tests.Lactulose is effective in the treatment of MHE.This study aimed to evaluate the use of critical flicker frequency (CFF) for the diagnosis of MHE in cirrhotic patients after treatment.METHODS:One hundred and ten patients were evaluated by psychometry (number connection tests A,B or figure connection tests A,B),P300 auditory event related potential (P300ERP),venous ammonia,and CFF for MHE.MHE was diagnosed by abnormal psychometry (>2SD age matched controls) and P300ERP.MHE patients were treated with lactulose for one month.Response was defined by normalization (<2SD of matched controls) of both psychometry and P300ERP.RESULTS:Of the 110 patients [Child Turcott Pugh score A:B:C 39:42:29,(age 41.6±11.6 years,M:F 82:28)],75 (68%) had abnormal results of psychometric tests,and 74 (67%) had prolonged P300ERP.Fifteen (20%) patients with abnormal results of psychometric tests had normal P300ERP.Thus sixty (54.5%) patients were diagnosed as having MHE.After treatment for one month,34 (57%) recovered while 26 (43%) continued to have abnormal resents of psychometric or P300ERP tests.CFF was <39 Hz in 72 (65.4%) patients before treatment and in 20 (33.3%) after treatment.CFF sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,and diagnostic accuracy for the assessment of recovery of MHE were 65%,91%,85%,77% and 80%,respectively.CONCLUSION:CFF is a simple,relatively reliable,and accurate test without any dependence on age or literacy in the diagnosis and assessment of recovery of patients with MHE.
基金the Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82070937)(No.81870640)National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China(No.82000923)(No.82101097).
文摘Background:Due to media opacity,it is usually difficult to accurately evaluate the postoperative visual acuity in cataracts patients.As a small and portable tool,the critical flicker fusion frequency(CFF)device reflects the temporal resolution of visual function and has been widely used in clinical research.However,poor understanding of the technique and equipment limitations have restricted its clinical application in China.Main text:There was a decrease in the CFF value in various ophthalmic diseases,indicating that the CFF is sensitive to detect visual functional changes.A number of studies have shown that the CFF test can accurately distinguish patients with simple cataracts from those with cataracts combined with fundus disease,and,as a visual test,it can more accurately predict postoperative visual acuity without being affected by media opacity.This study comprehensive reviews the basic principles of CFF and its application in ophthalmology,especially in cataracts.Conclusions:As one of the tools for dynamic visual function detection,the CFF test could help doctors to assess the possible presence of fundus disease in cataracts patients,especially in eyes with dense cataracts,and more precisely provide a reasonable visual prognosis than other available visual tests.
文摘为了评估临界闪光融合频率(critical flicker fusion frequency,CFF)和眼动追踪中的眼睛闭合时间占某一特定时间的百分率(percentage of eyelid closure over the pupil over time,PERCLOS)检测管制疲劳的性能,利用模拟塔台管制软件和眼动仪搭建实验平台,采集被试的CFF、PERCLOS和主观疲劳数据,从疲劳前后指标变化的差异显著性检验,与疲劳的相关性以及受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)3个方面分析探讨了CFF和PERCLOS检测管制疲劳的性能。结果表明:疲劳前后被试的CFF和PERCLOS均差异显著,且与疲劳呈高度显著相关。CFF和PERCLOS检测管制疲劳的效果分别为中等和较好,两者联合可以作为很好的管制疲劳检测指标。
基金National Key Research and Development Program(2018YFE0113900).
文摘Purpose:To investigate the application of critical flicker fusion frequency(CFF)in demyelinating optic neuritis(DON).Methods:A cross-sectional study.A total of 127 eyes in 69 DON patients and 63 eyes in 33 healthy control(HC)groups were included between January 2021 to September 2021 from Department of Ophthalmology,PLA General Hospital.Patients underwent best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),visual field,optical coherence tomography(OCT),flash visual evoked potential(F-VEP),and CFF examinations.The affected eyes were divided into aquaporins 4(AQP4-),myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(MOG-),and double negative DON according to serum antibody;mild,moderate,severe degree visual impairment according to BCVA0.5,0.1-0.5,<0.1;and 4 groups:<1,1~<3,3~<6 and>6 months according to time interval from onset to CFF examination.One-way ANOVA was used to perform above subgroup analysis.The correlations between CFF and F-VEP peak time,peak value,BCVA and mean visual filed defect(MD)were analyzed in order via Pearson correlation analysis.Results:he trichromatic values of red,green,and yellow in DON affected eyes were 21.83±9.03,23.66±10.21,24.09±10.77 Hz,respectively,which was significantly reduced compared with the HC group(t=-14.82,-14.22,-14.00;P<0.001).The subgroup analysis showed no significant difference between different antibody subtypes(P=0.914<0.848<0.604),whereas,a significant decrease of CFF trichromatic value was found in severe visual acuity impairment group(P<0.001).There was a significant difference in CFF-trichromatic values at different time points(P<0.001),to be specific,CFF fluctuated under 20Hz within 3 months after onset and tended to be stable around 24-28Hz.Correlation analysis showed that the peak time of F-VEP(r=-0.486,-0.515,-0.526;P<0.001),BVCA(r=-0.640,-0.659,-0.642;P<0.001),were negatively correlated with CFF trichromatic values,MD and CFF were positively correlated(r=0.486,0.453,0.476;P=0.003,0.006,0.004).Conclusions:A significant decrease of CFF value was found in DON-affected eyes,and it has a good correlation with BCVA,MD and latency of F-VEP,and can better reflect the impairment of visual function.
