On Ethical Literary Criticism and Game Theory--An Interview with Professor Nie Zhenzhao

In 2014,Huang Kaihong,a professor at School of Foreign Languages and Cultures,Southwest University of Science and Technology,interviewed the Doctoral advisor Professor Nie Zhenzhao during the period of his academic visiting to Central China Normal University.As early as in 2005,Huang Kaihong conducted an interview with Professor Nie Zhenzhao on the topic of the general introduction of ethical literary criticism.So around 11 years later,the second interview mainly covers not only the ethical literary criticism theory,but the game theory and the relationship between them as well.Professor Nie thinks whether the game theory can be applied to literature research is still under discussion.The theory of ethical literary criticism is a kind of methodology based on science and it can get the attention of literary critics at home and abroad,which is because it fits the practical needs of literary criticism,draws the literary criticism away from only emphasizing criticism genres and the research of criticism terms,and pays attention to the true nature of the literary text in literature research.After consulting Professor Nie Zhenzhao about some related questions from the perspective of game theory.Huang Kaihong gets some significant information concerning literature research and understands the latest core terms and the concrete application method of ethical literary criticism,especially the relationship between the instructing and aesthetic functions of literature.

How Does Stacking Pressure Affect the Performance of Solid Electrolytes and All-Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries?

All-solid-state lithium metal batteries(ASSLMBs)with solid electrolytes(SEs)have emerged as a promising alternative to liquid electrolyte-based Li-ion batteries due to their higher energy density and safety.However,since ASSLMBs lack the wetting properties of liquid electrolytes,they require stacking pressure to prevent contact loss between electrodes and SEs.Though previous studies showed that stacking pressure could impact certain performance aspects,a comprehensive investigation into the effects of stacking pressure has not been conducted.To address this gap,we utilized the Li_(6)PS_(5)Cl solid electrolyte as a reference and investigated the effects of stacking pressures on the performance of SEs and ASSLMBs.We also developed models to explain the underlying origin of these effects and predict battery performance,such as ionic conductivity and critical current density.Our results demonstrated that an appropriate stacking pressure is necessary to achieve optimal performance,and each step of applying pressure requires a specific pressure value.These findings can help explain discrepancies in the literature and provide guidance to establish standardized testing conditions and reporting benchmarks for ASSLMBs.Overall,this study contributes to the understanding of the impact of stacking pressure on the performance of ASSLMBs and highlights the importance of careful pressure optimization for optimal battery performance.

Shock index and its variants as predictors of mortality in severe traumatic brain injury

BACKGROUND The increase in severe traumatic brain injury(sTBI)incidence is a worldwide phenomenon,resulting in a heavy disease burden in the public health systems,specifically in emerging countries.The shock index(SI)is a physiological parameter that indicates cardiovascular status and has been used as a tool to assess the presence and severity of shock,which is increased in sTBI.Considering the high mortality of sTBI,scrutinizing the predictive potential of SI and its variants is vital.AIM To describe the predictive potential of SI and its variants in sTBI.METHODS This study included 71 patients(61 men and 10 women)divided into two groups:Survival(S;n=49)and Non-survival(NS;n=22).The responses of blood pressure and heart rate(HR)were collected at admission and 48 h after admission.The SI,reverse SI(rSI),rSI multiplied by the Glasgow Coma Score(rSIG),and Age multiplied SI(AgeSI)were calculated.Group comparisons included Shapiro-Wilk tests,and independent samples t-tests.For predictive analysis,logistic regression,receiver operator curves(ROC)curves,and area under the curve(AUC)measurements were performed.RESULTS No significant differences between groups were identified for SI,rSI,or rSIG.The AgeSI was significantly higher in NS patients at 48 h following admission(S:26.32±14.2,and NS:37.27±17.8;P=0.016).Both the logistic regression and the AUC following ROC curve analysis showed that only AgeSI at 48 h was capable of predicting sTBI outcomes.CONCLUSION Although an altered balance between HR and blood pressure can provide insights into the adequacy of oxygen delivery to tissues and the overall cardiac function,only the AgeSI was a viable outcome-predictive tool in sTBI,warranting future research in different cohorts.

Effect of drying methods on perovskite films and solar cells

The high efficiency,solution processibility,and flexibility of perovskite solar cells make them promising candidates for the photovoltaic industry[1−8].The deposition method is one of the most critical factors that affect the performance of perovskite films.Various deposition methods have been developed to make perovskite films,including spin-coating,slotdie coating.

Natural vibration and critical velocity of translating Timoshenko beam with non-homogeneous boundaries

In most practical engineering applications,the translating belt wraps around two fixed wheels.The boundary conditions of the dynamic model are typically specified as simply supported or fixed boundaries.In this paper,non-homogeneous boundaries are introduced by the support wheels.Utilizing the translating belt as the mechanical prototype,the vibration characteristics of translating Timoshenko beam models with nonhomogeneous boundaries are investigated for the first time.The governing equations of Timoshenko beam are deduced by employing the generalized Hamilton's principle.The effects of parameters such as the radius of wheel and the length of belt on vibration characteristics including the equilibrium deformations,critical velocities,natural frequencies,and modes,are numerically calculated and analyzed.The numerical results indicate that the beam experiences deformation characterized by varying curvatures near the wheels.The radii of the wheels play a pivotal role in determining the change in trend of the relative difference between two beam models.Comparing the results unearths that the relative difference in equilibrium deformations between the two beam models is more pronounced with smaller-sized wheels.When the two wheels are of equal size,the critical velocities of both beam models reach their respective minima.In addition,the relative difference in natural frequencies between the two beam models exhibits nonlinear variation and can easily exceed 50%.Furthermore,as the axial velocities increase,the impact of non-homogeneous boundaries on modal shape of translating beam becomes more significant.Although dealing with non-homogeneous boundaries is challenging,beam models with non-homogeneous boundaries are more sensitive to parameters,and the differences between the two types of beams undergo some interesting variations under the influence of non-homogeneous boundaries.

Optimized NPK fertilizer recommendations based on topsoil available nutrient criteria for wheat in drylands of China

The optimized management of crop fertilization is very important for improving crop yield and reducing the consumption of chemical fertilizers.Critical nutrient values can be used for evaluating the nutritional status of a crop,and they reflect the nutrient concentrations above which the plant is sufficiently supplied for achieving the maximum potential yield.Based on on-farm surveys of 504 farmers and 60 field experimental sites in the drylands of China,we proposed a recommended fertilization method to determine nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and potassium(K)fertilizer input rates for wheat production,and then validated the method by a field experiment at 66 different sites in northern China.The results showed that wheat grain yield varied from 1.1 to 9.2 t ha^(-1),averaging 4.6 t ha^(-1),and it had a quadratic relationship with the topsoil(0-20 cm)nitrate N and soil available P contents at harvest.However,yield was not correlated with the inputs of N,P,and K fertilizers.Based on the relationship(exponential decay model)between 95–105%of the relative yield and topsoil nitrate N,available P,and available K contents at wheat harvest from 60 field experiments,the topsoil critical nutrient values were determined as 34.6,15.6,and 150 mg kg^(-1)for soil nitrate N,available P,and available K,respectively.Then,based on five groups of relative yield(>125%,115–125%,105–115%,95–105%,and<95%)and the model,the five groups of topsoil critical nutrient levels and fertilization coefficients(Fc)were determined.Finally,we proposed a new method for calculating the recommended fertilizer input rate as:Fr=Gy×Nr×Fc,where Fr is the recommended fertilizer(N/P/K)input rate;Gy is the potential grain yield;Nr is the N(N_(rN)),P(N_(rP)),and K(N_(rK))nutrient requirements for wheat to produce 1,000 kg of grain;and Fc is a coefficient for N(N_c)/P(P_c)/K(K_c)fertilizer.A 2-year validated experiment confirmed that the new method reduced N fertilizer input by 17.5%(38.5 kg N ha^(-1))and P fertilizer input by 43.5%(57.5 kg P_(2)O_(5) ha^(-1))in northern China and did not reduce the wheat yield.This outcome can significantly increase the farmers’benefits(by 7.58%,or 139 US$ha^(-1)).Therefore,this new recommended fertilization method can be used as a tool to guide N,P,and K fertilizer application rates for dryland wheat production.

Selection of Fe as a barrier for manufacturing low-cost MgB2 multifilament wires-Advanced microscopy study between Fe and B reaction

The high cost of using the niobium(Nb)barrier for manufacturing magnesium diboride(MgB2)mono-and multi-filamentary wires for large-scale applications has become one of the barriers to replacing current commercial niobium-titanium superconductors.The potential of replacing the Nb barrier with a low-cost iron(Fe)barrier for multifilament MgB2 superconducting wires is investigated in this manuscript.Therefore,MgB2 wires with Fe barrier sintered with different temperatures are studied(from 650°C to 900°C for 1 h)to investigate the non-superconducting reaction phase of Fe-B.Their superconducting performance including engineering critical current density(Je)and n-value are tested at 4.2 K in various external magnetic fields.The best sample sintered at 650°C for 1 h has achieved a Je value of 3.64×10^(4) A cm^(−2) and an n-value of 61 in 2 T magnetic field due to the reduced formation of Fe2B,better grain connectivity and homogenous microstructure.For microstructural analysis,the focused ion beam(FIB)is utilised for the first time to acquire three-dimensional microstructures and elemental mappings of the interface between the Fe barrier and MgB2 core of different wires.The results have shown that if the sintering temperature can be controlled properly,the Je and n-value of the wire are still acceptable for magnet applications.The formation of Fe2B is identified along the edge of MgB2,as the temperature increases,the content of Fe2B also increases which causes the degradation in the performance of wires.

BILL Strategy:Points to Consider During the Performance and Interpretation of Critical Care Echocardiography

The growing utilization of critical care echocardiography(CCE) by clinicians necessitates a meticulous review of clinical conditions in critically ill patients, both before and during the examination. The reviewing process of clinical conditions minimizes the risk of overlooking or misinterpreting crucial findings. This article proposes a comprehensive strategy, namely BILL strategy, to integrate into the CCE protocol, where "B" represents baseline respiratory and hemodynamic support, "I" signifies information gleaned from invasive monitoring, including central venous pressure and thermodilution-derived cardiac output, the first "L" denotes laboratory results such as central venous oxygen saturation, troponin, and brain natriuretic peptide, and the second "L" refers to lung ultrasound data. Combining the BILL strategy with CCE can enhance comprehensive understanding of critical conditions, potentially leading to improved diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes.

Determination of critical state line(CSL)for silty-sandy iron ore tailings subjected to low-high confining pressures

The disposal of filtered tailings in high dry stacks can induce particle breakage,changing the material's behaviour during the structure's lifetime.The grading changes influence material properties at the critical state,and this is not mature for intermediate artificial soils(tailings)in a broad range of confining pressures.In this paper,it aims to describe the behaviour of iron ore tailings in a spectrum of confining pressures broader than the reported in previous studies.A series of consolidated drained(CD)triaxial tests was carried out with confining pressures ranging from 0.075 MPa to 120 MPa.These results show that the amount of breakage plays an essential role in the response of iron ore tailings.The existence of curved critical state line(CSL)in both specific volume(ν)-logarithm of mean effective stress(p′)and deviatoric stress(q)-mean effective stress(p′)planes,and different responses in the deviatoric stress-axial strain-volumetric strain curves were verified.An inverse S-shaped equation was proposed to represent the silty-sandy tailings'behaviour up to high pressures onν-lnp′plane.The proposed equation provides a basis for enhancing constitutive models and considers the evolution of the grading up to severe loading conditions.The adjustment considered three regions with different responses associated with particle breakage at different pressure levels.

Atmospheric Sulfur and Nitrogen Deposition in Five Nature Reserves of Sichuan Basin to Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Transect Region,Southwest-ern China

Enhanced sulfur and nitrogen deposition has been observed in many transect regions worldwide,from urban/agricultural areas to mountains.The Sichuan Basin(SCB),with 18 prefectural cities,is the most economically-developed region in western China,while the rural Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP)lies west of the SCB.Previous regional and national atmospheric modeling studies have sug-gested that large areas in the SCB-to-QTP transect region experience excessive deposition of sulfur and nitrogen.In this study,we ap-plied a passive monitoring method at 1l sites(one in urban Chengdu and 10 from fivenature reserves)in this transect region from September 2021 to October 2022 to confirm the high sulfur and nitrogen deposition fluxes and to understand the gaps between the mod-eling and observation results for this transect region.These observations suggest that the five reserves are under eutrophication risk,and only two reserves are partially under acidification risk.Owing to the complex topography and landscapes,both sulfur and nitrogen de-position and critical loads exhibit large spatial variations within a reserve,such as Mount Emei.Regional atmospheric modeling may not accurately capture the spatial variations in deposition fluxes within a reserve;however,it can capture general spatial patterns over the entire transect.This study demonstrates that a combination of state-of-the-art atmospheric chemical models and low-cost monitoring methods is helpful for ecological risk assessments at a regional scale.

Effects of temperature, particle size, and air humidity on sensibility of typical high-energetic explosives

The production and utilization of high-energetic explosives often pose a range of safety hazards,with sensitivity being a key factor in evaluating these risks.To investigate how temperature,particle size,and air humidity affect the responsiveness of commonly used high-energetic explosives,a series of BAM(Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und-prüfung)impact and friction sensitivity tests were carried out to determine the critical impact energy and critical load pressure of four representative high-energetic explosives(RDX,HMX,PETN and CL-20)under different temperatures,particle sizes,and air humidity conditions.The experimental findings facilitated an examination of temperature and particle size affecting the sensitivity of high-energetic explosives,along with an assessment of the influence of air humidity on sensitivity testing.The results clearly indicate that high-energetic explosives display a substantial decline in critical reaction energy when subjected to micrometre-sized particles and an air humidity level of 45%at a temperature of 90℃.Furthermore,it was noted that the critical reaction energy of high-energetic explosives diminishes with an increase in temperature within 25℃−90℃.In the same vein,as the particle sizes of high-energetic explosives increase,so does the critical reaction energy for micrometre-sized particles.High air humidity significantly affects the sensitivity testing of high-energetic explosives,emphasizing the importance of refraining from conducting sensitivity tests in such conditions.

Numerical analysis of high‑speed railway slab tracks using calibrated and validated 3D time‑domain modelling

Concrete slabs are widely used in modern railways to increase the inherent resilient quality of the tracks,provide safe and smooth rides,and reduce the maintenance frequency.In this paper,the elastic performance of a novel slab trackform for high-speed railways is investigated using three-dimensional finite element modelling in Abaqus.It is then compared to the performance of a ballasted track.First,slab and ballasted track models are developed to replicate the full-scale testing of track sections.Once the models are calibrated with the experimental results,the novel slab model is developed and compared against the calibrated slab track results.The slab and ballasted track models are then extended to create linear dynamic models,considering the track geodynamics,and simulating train passages at various speeds,for which the Ledsgard documented case was used to validate the models.Trains travelling at low and high speeds are analysed to investigate the track deflections and the wave propagation in the soil,considering the issues associated with critical speeds.Various train loading methods are discussed,and the most practical approach is retained and described.Moreover,correlations are made between the geotechnical parameters of modern high-speed rail and conventional standards.It is found that considering the same ground condition,the slab track deflections are considerably smaller than those of the ballasted track at high speeds,while they show similar behaviour at low speeds.

Effects of L-carnitine on treatment outcomes of COVID-19 patients hospitalized in intensive care units:A double-blind randomized clinical trial

Objective:To assess the effects of L-carnitine on the outcomes of patients with moderate to severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in intensive care unit(ICU).Methods:This double-blind clinical trial was carried out in 2022-2023.64 Patients with COVID-19 were selected from Amiralmomenin and Khansari hospitals in Arak,Iran.They were randomly assigned to the control and the L-carnitine treatment group via block randomization.Venous blood gases,disease severity,and levels of D-dimer,lactate dehydrogenase,ferritin,and C-reactive protein were daily assessed during the seven days of the intervention,and the length of ICU stay,the need for endotracheal intubation,and mortality rate were documented.Results:There were significant differences in length of ICU stay,the need for endotracheal intubation,and levels of D-dimer,lactate dehydrogenase,ferritin,APACHE栻score,and C-reactive protein between the two groups(P<0.05).However,the groups did not significantly differ in mortality rate and venous blood gas indexes(P>0.05).Conclusions:L-carnitine can improve outcomes of patients with COVID-19.Therefore,it can be used as an adjuvant therapy for these patients.

Facilitating and hindering factors of community nurses'emergency and critical care treatment abilities:A qualitative study

BACKGROUND This study adopts a descriptive phenomenological approach to investigate the facilitators and barriers of community nurses'abilities in managing critical and emergency conditions.With the transition of healthcare systems to the community,the evolution of nursing practices,and the attention from policies and practices,community nurses play a crucial role in the management of critical and emergency conditions.However,there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the factors that promote or hinder their capabilities in this area.AIM To understand the facilitators and barriers of community nurses in managing critical and emergency conditions,exploring the fundamental reasons and driving forces influencing their treatment capabilities.METHODS This study utilized the destination sampling method between May 2023 and July 2023.It employed a descriptive phenomenological approach within qualitative research methodologies.Through objective sampling,17 community nurses from 7 communities in Changning District,Shanghai,were selected as the study subjects.Semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather data,which were subsequently organized and analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step analysis method,leading to the extraction of final themes.RESULTS The barrier factors identified from the interviews encompassed three topics:resource allocation,professional factors,and personal literacy.The facilitators comprised three themes:professionalism,management attention,and training and continuing education.We identified that the root causes of the barriers included the lack of practical treatment experience among community nurses,insufficient awareness of self-directed learning,and limited knowledge and technical proficiency.The professional quality of community nurses and management attention serve as motivation for them to enhance their treatment abilities.CONCLUSION To enhance the capability of community nurses in treating acute and critical patients,it is recommended to bolster training specifically tailored to acute and critical care,raise awareness of first aid practices,and elevate knowledge and skill levels.

High-risk factors for delirium in severely ill patients and the application of emotional nursing combined with pain nursing

BACKGROUND Delirium is a neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by acute disturbances of consciousness with rapid onset,rapid progression,obvious fluctuations,and preventable,reversible,and other characteristics.Patients with delirium in the intensive care unit(ICU)are often missed or misdiagnosed and do not receive adequate attention.AIM To analyze the risk factors for delirium in ICU patients and explore the applica-tion of emotional nursing with pain nursing in the management of delirium.METHODS General data of 301 critically ill patients were retrospectively collected,including histories(cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,hypertension,smoking,alcoholism,and diabetes),age,sex,diagnosis,whether surgery was performed,and patient origin(emergency/clinic).Additionally,the duration of sedation,Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale score,combined emotional and pain care,ven-tilator use duration,vasoactive drug use,drainage tube retention,ICU stay du-ration,C-reactive protein,procalcitonin,white blood cell count,body tempe-rature,Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II(APACHE II)score,and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score were recorded within 24 h after ICU admission.Patients were assessed for delirium according to confusion assessment method for the ICU,and univariate and multivariate logistic regre-ssion analyses were performed to identify the risk factors for delirium in the patients.RESULTS Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed on the 24 potential risk factors associated with delirium in ICU patients.The results showed that 16 risk factors were closely related to delirium,including combined emotional and pain care,history of diabetes,and patient origin.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that no combined emotional and pain care,history of diabetes,emergency source,surgery,long stay in the ICU,smoking history,and high APACHE II score were independent risk factors for de-lirium in ICU patients.CONCLUSION Patients with diabetes and/or smoking history,postoperative patients,patients with a high APACHE II score,and those with emergency ICU admission need emotional and pain care,flexible visiting modes,and early intervention to reduce delirium incidence.

Acute pancreatitis in the critical care setting:A review of assessment and intervention strategies

The incidence of acute pancreatitis(AP),a condition characterized by inflammation in the pancreas,has been increasing globally and is associated with several complications.This review elaborated on the etiology,clinical presentation,severity assessment,and treatment modalities of AP,mainly in the critical care setting.Patients with severe AP,as indicated by organ failure(>48 hours from onset),warrant treatment in the intensive care unit setting.The most common etiologies,biliary disease and alcohol consumption,and the advanced diagnostic tools used for the identification of the cause are highlighted.Different severity assessment tools are utilized for grading the severity of the disease,predicting patient outcomes,determining the associated risk,and guiding treatment decisions.The treatment interventions comprise various approaches,such as anti-infective therapy enteral nutrition,analgesics for pain,or minimally invasive surgical procedures,thereby demonstrating an evolving landscape of AP management.Furthermore,various complications such as necrosis,organ failure,and hemorrhage,necessitate disease monitoring and differential diagnosis and are crucial for optimal management of patients.Novel treatment modalities and advancements in multidisciplinary care emphasize the potential for reducing the burden of AP in critical care settings.

From the mathematical model to the patient: The scientific and human aspects of artificial intelligence in gastrointestinal surgery

Recent medical literature shows that the application of artificial intelligence(AI)models in gastrointestinal pathology is an exponentially growing field,with pro-mising models that show very high performances.Regarding inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),recent reviews demonstrate promising diagnostic and prognostic AI models.However,studies are generally at high risk of bias(especially in AI models that are image-based).The creation of specific AI models that improve diagnostic performance and allow the establishment of a general prognostic fo-recast in IBD is of great interest,as it may allow the stratification of patients into subgroups and,in turn,allow the creation of different diagnostic and therapeutic protocols for these patients.Regarding surgical models,predictive models of post-operative complications have shown great potential in large-scale studies.In this work,the authors present the development of a predictive algorithm for early post-surgical complications in Crohn's disease based on a Random Forest model with exceptional predictive ability for complications within the cohort.The pre-sent work,based on logical and reasoned,clinical,and applicable aspects,lays a solid foundation for future prospective work to further develop post-surgical prognostic tools for IBD.The next step is to develop in a prospective and mul-ticenter way,a collaborative path to optimize this line of research and make it applicable to our patients.

Innovative Teaching Research on Literary Theory and Criticism

As a core compulsory course for English majors majoring in teacher education,Literary Theory and Criticism plays an important role in enhancing text understanding,cultivating critical thinking,and shaping correct values in the future development of students.Influenced by traditional teaching ideas,students have many difficulties when learning this course,such as insufficient theoretical understanding,inadequate ability improvement,and not enough investment in course learning.In response to the above issues,this course focuses closely on the fundamental task of“cultivating virtue and nurturing people”,relying on modern information technology and introducing research methods of digital humanities.This course uses“7C”teaching mode under the“three-level integration”,in which“teaching”and“education”are carried out synchronously,and“teacher”and“student”are developed together,in order to greatly enhance students’learning participation and course satisfaction.

Research on the Classification of Western Literary Criticism Under M. H. Abrams’Fourfold Model

This study explores the application of Abrams’Fourfold Model in the classification of Western literary criticism.Abrams’framework categorizes literary criticism into four fundamental elements:text,author,world,and audience.The text is viewed as an independent entity with intrinsic artistic value,necessitating a detailed analysis of its structure,style,themes,and symbols.Author study delves into the creator’s life and socio-cultural context,often to uncover the work’s deeper meanings.Contextual study situates the work within its historical and social milieu,examining its reflection of or response to societal norms and events.Audience response analysis considers the diverse interpretations shaped by readers’backgrounds,emphasizing the reader’s role in constructing the work’s meaning.The study concludes that Abrams’Fourfold Model offers a comprehensive and flexible analytical tool,enabling critics to engage with literary works from multiple perspectives,thereby enriching the understanding of literary complexity and diversity.

Man in Nature: A New Critical Reading of Wallace Steven’s “The Snow Man” in the Context of Modernism

The study of Wallace Stevens has a long and varied history. His life, poetry and philosophy have been interpreted in the demensions of romanticism, modernism, postmodernism and ecologism, with focuses on specific aspects such as linguistic structure, the feminine, painting, music and faith. In recent years, studies of Stevens have expanded to include the Chinese elements and the relationship between imagination and reality in his poetry. This thesis intends to examine how irony, ambiguity, tension and paradox cooperate in “The Snow Man” to refresh the reader on man-nature relationship, to understand how Wallace Stevens reflects and reconciles the existential angst of “nothingness” popular in the early 20th century by this poem, and develops a positive or even optimistic attitude.