Measurement of ^(232)Th(n,2n)^(231)Th reaction cross-sections at neutron energies of 14.1 MeV and 14.8 MeV using neutron activation method

In this study, the activation cross-sections were measured for ^(232)Th(n,2n)^(231)Th reactions at neutron energies of 14.1 and 14.8 MeV, which were produced by a neutron generator through a T(d,n)~4He reaction. Induced gamma-ray activities were measured using a low background gamma ray spectrometer equipped with a high resolution HPGe detector. In the cross-section calculations, corrections were made regarding the effects of gamma-ray attenuation, dead-time, fluctuation of the neutron flux, and low energy neutrons. The measured cross-sections were compared with the literature data, evaluation data(ENDF-B/VII.1, JENDL-4.0 and CENDL-3.1), and the results of the model calculation(TALYS1.6).

Efficient Calculation of the Radar Cross Section at the Interior Resonance by the Inverse Power Method

It is well known that the incorrect results will be given using either the electric or magnetic field integral equation to calculate the radar cross section (RCS) of a closed body at the interior resonance. In this paper, an effective iterative technique is used to correct the calculated surface current density from the electric field integral equation. The radar cross section is computed for an infinite conducting circular cylinder at the interior resonance, and the obtained results are in good agreement with the analytical results. The backscattering cross section of an infinite triangular cylinder in the vicinity of a resonant frequency is also calculated. It is shown that the presence method is efficient and accurate.

RADAR CROSS-SECTION COMPUTATIONS OF ARBITRARILY COMPLICATED TARGETS BY APPLYING THE PANEL METHOD

The present paper deals with the method for the radar cross-section (RCS)computations of arbitrarily complicated targets based on the work by D. Klement et al.(1988).This method is convenient in use, fast in operation and precise in calculating RCS of a complicatedtarget. With this method, the RCS of classic scatterers, for example, a cone and a cylinder, arecomputed with the result of good agreement with experimental data. Furthermore, the RCS’of an aircraft model at various attitudes are calculated with the result of good agreement withexperimental data also.

A method of analysing experimental data of nuclear reaction cross sections

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Hyperstatic reaction method for calculations of tunnels with horseshoe-shaped cross-section under the impact of earthquakes

Tunnels are now an integral part of the infrastructure in major cities around the world. For many reasons, these tunnels have horseshoe-shaped cross-sections with round top and flat bottom. This paper presents some improvements to the use of the Hyperstatic Reaction Method-HRM for analysing tunnels with horseshoe-shaped cross-sections when these tunnels operate under the influence of earthquakes, particularly in cases when the tunnel lining is a continuous lining. The analysis used parameters of a tunnel from the Hanoi metro system, as well as parameters of the strongest earthquake that may occur in the central Hanoi area in the improved HRM and 2 D numerical methods using the ABAQUS software. On the basis of the results obtained, the paper gives conclusions about the HRM methodology when it is used to calculate tunnels that have horseshoe cross-sections operating under the influence of earthquakes.

Solving multi-object radar cross section based on wide-angle parabolic equation method

Based on a Pade approximation, a wide-angle parabolic equation method is introduced for computing the multiobject radar cross section （RCS） for the first time. The method is a paraxial version of the scalar wave equation, which solves the field by marching them along the paraxial direction. Numerical results show that a single wide-angle parabofic equation run can compute multi-object RCS efficiently for angles up to 45 ° . The method provides anew and efficient numerical method for computation electromagnetics.

Theoretical calculation of the partial cross section for first vibrational excitation in He-H2（D2,T2） collisions

In this paper, close-coupling method was applied to the He-H2 （D2,T2） system, and the first vibrational excitation cross sections of ＇00-10, 00-12, 00-14, 00-16＇ at different incident energy have been calculated. By analyzing the ditferences of these partial wave cross sections, this paper have obtained the change rules of the partial wave cross sections with increases of quantum number, and with change of reduced mass of system. Based on the calculation, influence on the partial wave cross sections brought by the variations in the reduced mass of systems and in the relative kinetic energy of incident atoms is discussed.

Measurement of fast-neutron capture cross sections for ^(75)As

The cross sections of the75 As(n,γ)76As reaction were measured in the neutron energy range from 0.50 to 1.50 MeV by using the activation technique. Neutrons were produced via the T(p,n)3He reaction and the cross sections of the 197Au(n,γ)198Au reaction were used to determine the absolute neutron flux. Present results are compared with existing measurements and evaluations.

Measurements of fast-neutron capture cross sections for ^(159)Tb and ^(169)Tm

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＦａｓｔｎｅｕｔｒｏｎｃａｐｔｕｒｅｃｒｏｓｓｅｃｔｉｏｎｓａｒｅｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｆｏｒｔｈｅｕｎｄｅｒｓｔａｎｄｉｎｇｏｆｎｕｃｌｅａｒｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎｍｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍｓａｎｄｆｏｒｖａｒｉｏｕｓａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉ...

Preliminary Measurement of the K-Shell Ionization Cross Sections of Ti by Positron Impact in the Low Energy Region

Measurements were performed of K-shell ionization cross sections of Ti element by 10～30 keV positron impact using the thick-target method. The effects of multiple scattering of incident positron and from bremsstrahlung photons and annihilation photons with the thick-target method are discussed with the Monte Carlo code PENELOPE. Meanwhile, the Monte Carlo method is also applied to determine the detection efficiencies of X- and γ-ray detectors. Our experimental K-shell ionization cross sections for Ti element are compared with the distorted-wave Born approximation （DWBA） theoretical predictions, and it is found that the agreement of the experimental data and theoretical values is good and this indicates that the experimental method adopted in this study is applicable.

Measurement of Neutron Capture Cross Section for ^(180)Hf

The neutron capture cross section for 180Hf relative to the 197Au（n,γ）198Au reaction ismeasured at neutron energies of 0.52,1.10 and 1.60 MeV using the activation method.Theactivities of the products are measured with a high resolution HPGe detector gamma ray spec-trometer.The errors of the measured results are 5%～6%.Our results have a good agreementwith those of other authors within errors.Cross sections for the reaction are calculated withUNF code and recommended data are also given.

Cross-section measurement of(n,2n) reactions for Nd isotopes induced by 14 MeV neutrons

Cross-sections of the(n,2n) reactions for neodymium(Nd) isotopes induced by 14 MeV neutrons were measured in this work by using the activation and relative methods. The measured cross-sections of the ^(150)Nd(n,2n)^(149)Nd,^(148)Nd(n,2n)^(147)Nd, and ^(142)Nd(n,2 n)^(141)Nd reactions were 1854 ± 81, 1789 ± 119, and 1559 ± 98 mb, respectively, at a neutron energy of 14.2 ± 0.2 MeV,and 1485 ± 74, 1726 ± 85, and 1670 ± 119 mb, respectively, at 14.9 ± 0.2 MeV. The results were compared with the experimental values from the reported literature, with the evaluated data from the ENDF/B-VII.1, CENDL-3.1, and JENDL-4.0 libraries, and with the curves calculated by the Talys-1.8 code.

Relativistic R-matrix calculations for L-shell photoionization cross sections of CⅡ

The photoionization cross section of the ground state 2s22p 2Po1/2 and the first excited state 2s22p2po1/2 of C II ions are systematically calculated using the fully relativistic R-matrix code DARC. The detailed resonances are presented and identified for the photon energy ranging from threshold （24.38 eV） up to 41.5 eV where the L-shell （2p, 2s） photoionization process is dominant. In the calculations, the relativistic effect and electronic correlation effect are well considered. It is found that the relativistic effect is very important for the light atomic system CII, which accounts for experimentally observed fine structure resonance peaks. A careful comparison is made between the present results and the experimental values, and also other theoretical data available in the literature, showing that good agreement is obtained for the resonance peaks.

Mechanisms of Proton-Proton Inelastic Cross-Section Growth in Multi-Peripheral Model within the Framework of Perturbation Theory. Part 2

We demonstrate a new technique for calculating proton-proton inelastic cross-section, which allows one by application of the Laplace' method replace the integrand in the integral for the scattering amplitude in the vicinity of the maximum point by expression of Gaussian type. This, in turn, allows us to overcome the computational difficulties for the calculation of the integrals expressing the cross section to sufficiently large numbers of particles. We have managed to overcome these problems in calculating the proton-proton inelastic cross-section for production (n ≤ 8) number of secondary particles in within the framework of φ3 model. As the result the obtained dependence of inelastic cross-section and total scattering cross-section on the energy √s are qualitative agrees with the experimental data. Such description of total cross-section behavior differs considerably from existing now description, where reggeons exchange with the intercept greater than unity is considered.

Mechanisms of Proton-Proton Inelastic Cross-Section Growth in Multi-Peripheral Model within the Framework of Perturbation Theory. Part 1

We demonstrate a possibility of computation of inelastic scattering cross-section in a multi-peripheral model by application of the Laplace method to multidimensional integral over the domain of physical process. Founded the constrained maximum point of scattering cross-section integral under condition of the energy-momentum conservation. The integrand is substituted for an expression of Gaussian type in the neighborhood of this point. It made possible to compute this integral numerically. The paper has two parts. The hunting procedure of the constrained maximum point is considered and the properties of this maximum point are discussed in the given part of the paper. It is shown that virtuality of all internal lines of the “comb” diagram reduced at the constrained maximum point with energy growth. In the second part of the paper we give some the arguments in favor of consideration of the mechanism of virtuality reduction as the mechanism of the total hadron scattering cross-section growth, which is not taken into account within the framework of Regge theory.

Computation of Electron Impact Cross Sections from Molecules of Astrophysical Importance

Computations were performed for calculating cross sections of electron impact scattering from astro-physical targets CaF, HCN and H2S at energies lower than their ionization potential. The results show that the use of highly accurate R-matrix method which includes all the relevant physics and chemistry of the molecule in its formalism generate features significantly different from the simple static exchange calculation. The data obtained shows interesting structures in the eigen-phase sums which may be attributed to the dissociation channel of the molecule.

NUMERICAL SIMULATION STUDY ON DEFORMATION UNIFORMITY OF EQUAL CROSS SECTION LATERAL EXTRUSION

Equal cross section lateral extrusion (ECSLE) is an effective method realizing pure shear deformation. The influence of friction factor on the deformation uniformity of ECSLE was investigated with rigid plastic finite element method. The result shows that the non-uniform deformation in extrusion is caused mainly by the friction between workpiece and die. The higher the friction factor is, the more uneven plastic deformation resulted in extruded workpiece. The relation curve of deformation uniformity vs. friction factor was drawn based on the analysis result. The curve can be used as a basis of ECSLE process design.

Elastic cross sections for electron-carbon scattering

We used the close-coupling optical （CCO） approach to investigate the open-shell carbon atom. The elastic cross sections have been presented at the energies below 90eV, and the present CCO results have been compared with other theoretical results. We found that polarization and the continuum states have significant contributions to the elastic cross sections. The present calculations show that the CCO method is capable of calculating electron scattering from open-shell atoms.

Activation cross section measurement for （165）~Ho（n，γ）^（166m）Ho and^（151）Eu（n，γ）^（152g）Eu

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MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC PIPE FLOW IN DUCTS WITH PARTIAL CIRCULAR RING CROSS SECTION AND ANNULAR CROSS SECTION

In this paper we use the Green function method to solve the problem of steady one dimensional flow of an incompressible viscous, electrically conducting fluid through a pipe with partial circular ring cross sec- tion and one with annular cross section, in the presence of an applied transverse uniform magnetic field, We ob- tain analytic solutions and carry out some numerical calculations of the velocity distribution and induced magnet- ic field.