Optical simulation of in-plane-switching blue phase liquid crystal display using the finite-difference time-domain method

The finite-difference time-domain method is used to simulate the optical characteristics of an in-plane switching blue phase liquid crystal display.Compared with the matrix optic methods and the refractive method,the finite-difference timedomain method,which is used to directly solve Maxwell＇s equations,can consider the lateral variation of the refractive index and obtain an accurate convergence effect.The simulation results show that e-rays and o-rays bend in different directions when the in-plane switching blue phase liquid crystal display is driven by the operating voltage.The finitedifference time-domain method should be used when the distribution of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal display has a large lateral change.

Novel cell parameter determination of a twisted-nematic liquid crystal display

In this paper a novel method is proposed to determine the cell parameters including the twist angle, optic retardation and rubbing direction of twisted-nematic liquid crystal displays （TNLCD） by rotating the TNLCD. It is a single-wavelength method. Because using subtraction equation of transmittance as curve fitting equation, the influence of the light from environment and the absorption by polarizer, the sample of TNLCD and analyser on the transmittance is eliminated. Accurate results can also be obtained in imperfect darkness. By large numbers of experiments, we found that not only the experimental setup is quite simple and can be easily adopted to be carried out, but also the results are accurate.

COMPENSATION EFFECT OF POLYIMIDE THIN FILMS ON NORMALLY WHITE TWISTED NEMATIC LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAYS

The disadvantages of Normally White Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystal Display (NW-TN-LCD) were discussed. The reason that the negative birefringent polyimide thin films were used to compensate NW-TN-LCD to decrease off-axis leakage, improve contrast ratios and enlarge viewing angles was explained in this paper. A certain polyimide thin film was taken as an example to show compensation effect on NW-TN-LCD.

NOVEL POLYMER WIDE VIEWING ANGLE COMPENSATION FILMS FOR LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAYS(LCDS)

We report on generating uniaxial negative birefringent compensation films, made of specifically designedpolyimides. These polymers were synthesized via a polycondensation of dianhydride [such as 2, 2' -bis(3, 4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride] and 2, 2'-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl. The uniaxial negative birefringent (n_x =n_y > n_z) polyimide substrates are achieved using a solution-casting method in conventional solvents, which exhibit thedesirable optical phase retardation [(n_x - n_z)×d] values from 50 to 400 nm varying with the film thickness. In thesepolyimide films, the long chain rigid molecules adopt intrinsic planar orientaion. In detail, the majority of phenylene-imiderings and phenylenes preferentially adopt nearly planar conformations parallel to the film substrae. In addition, these filmsalso possess high transparency (or transmittance) and little color shift. The unique color dispersion curve indicates that thistype of materials is very suitable for the applications in LCDs due to an excellent mimic for the retardation color dispersioncurve with respect to LC molecules. Significantly low in-plane retardation (< 1 nm) allows this new technology based film toachieve sufficiently high contrast ratio while highly negative retardation dramatically suppresses the gray scale inversion toimprove the viewing angle performance in a variety of new mode LCDs.

Low voltage transflective blue-phase liquid crystal display with a non-uniform etching substrate

A transflective polymer-stabilized blue-phase liquid crystal display（BP-LCD） with a non-uniform etching substrate is proposed.In-plane switching（IPS） electrodes on the bottom substrate are put on the different gaps,and the bottom substrate between the electrodes is etched into different depths in transmissive（T） and reflective（R） regions.This structure can balance the optical phase retardation in the two regions and is helpful to achieve well-matched voltag-dependent transmittance and reflectance curves.This transflective display has high optical efficiency,a wide viewing angle,and low operating voltage（approximately 6 V）.

Liquid crystal display and organic light-emitting diode display: present status and future perspectives

Recently,‘Liquid crystal display(LCD)vs.organic light-emitting diode(OLED)display:who wins?’has become a topic of heated debate.In this review,we perform a systematic and comparative study of these two flat panel display technologies.First,we review recent advances in LCDs and OLEDs,including material development,device configuration and system integration.Next we analyze and compare their performances by six key display metrics:response time,contrast ratio,color gamut,lifetime,power efficiency,and panel flexibility.In this section,we focus on two key parameters:motion picture response time(MPRT)and ambient contrast ratio(ACR),which dramatically affect image quality in practical application scenarios.MPRT determines the image blur of a moving picture,and ACR governs the perceived image contrast under ambient lighting conditions.It is intriguing that LCD can achieve comparable or even slightly better MPRT and ACR than OLED,although its response time and contrast ratio are generally perceived to be much inferior to those of OLED.Finally,three future trends are highlighted,including high dynamic range,virtual reality/augmented reality and smart displays with versatile functions.

Polymer-stabilized blue phase liquid crystal display with slanted wall-shaped electrodes

A polymer-stabilized blue phase liquid crystal display （BPLCD） with slanted wall-shaped electrodes is proposed. Compared with the traditional BPLCD with wall-shaped electrodes, the electrodes of the proposed BPLCD are slightly angled to obtain phase retardation in the entire cell even at the position of electrodes. The proposed BPLCD demonstrates a relatively higher average transmittance and overall brightness than the traditional BPLCD.

A fast-response in-plane switching liquid crystal display with a protrusion structure

The widespread use and application of in-plane switching liquid crystal displays （IPS-LCDs） is limited by their slow response. In this letter, a fast-response IPS-LCD with a protrusion structure is proposed. The gray-to-gray response time of the IPS-LCD is reduced by 20% to 30%. The difference in cell gap induced by the protrusion accounts for the faster response. Moreover, the viewing angle and ganmla shift of tile proposed IPS-LCD are simulated and found to be better than that of conventional IPS-LCDs.

Emerging Technologies of Liquid Crystal Displays

The general features and the emerging technologies of liquid crystal displays are described from the viewpoints of wide viewing and fast response technologies. The device applications of liquid crystals for optical communications are also described.

Homogeneous-aligned high-transmission and fast-response liquid crystal display with three-layer electrodes

A homogeneous-aligned, high-transmission, and fast-response liquid crystal display （LCD） with three-layer electrodes is proposed. The molecules of liquid crystals are more inclined to rotate above and between the pixel electrodes. This induces a much higher transmission than that of the cell driven by the fringe field switching method and a wide viewing angle simultaneously because of the combined fringe and in-plane electric fields. Furthermore, a trigger pulse voltage is applied between the top and common electrodes to forcibly align the liquid crystal molecules vertically to show the transient dark state, which results in a very fast turn-off time （-1 ms）. With high degree of transmission and fast response time, this kind of LCD is a potential candidate for large LCD panels.

Liquid crystal Fresnel lens display

A novel see-through display with a liquid crystal lens array was proposed.A liquid crystal Fresnel lens display（LCFLD） with a holographic screen was demonstrated.The proposed display system has high efficiency,simple fabrication,and low manufacturing cost due to the absence of a polarizer and color filter.

Cinnamate-functionalized hyperbranched polymer as liquid crystal photo-alignment layer

In this work, 4-methoxylcinnamoyl chloride was reacted with a commercial hyperbranched polymer （Boltom-TM H30） to prepare a hyperbranched photosensitive polymer （H30-Ci）. The polymer was characterized by UV absorption spectrum and 1H- NMR spectrum. After processed by Linearly Polarized Polymerization （LPP） method, the spin-coated films of H30-Ci were used as photo-alignment layers to assemble liquid crystal （LC） cells containing nematic liquid crystal （5CB）. The observation by polarized microscope showed that the H30-Ci blended with a linear polymer （BP-AN-Ci） photo-alignment layers could align LC molecules in a very uniform way.

基于ARM的LCD控制器的配置与编程应用

报告了当前嵌入式系统中人机交互界面的现状与实际应用需求。介绍了液晶显示控制器在嵌入式系统设计中的地位和作用,液晶屏接口信号的定义及作用。以Samsung公司的32位嵌入式微处理器S3C44B0X为例,详细说明了液晶显示控制器的功能及软件配置方法。结合320×240点阵的256色超扭曲向列相(STN)液晶屏与处理器的接口电路设计,给出了可方便移植的程序代码和具体配置参数,并能在具体的嵌入式应用系统设计中将其作为设计参考。

频率可选的地下金属管线探测仪发射机的设计

为解决国内地下金属管线探测仪发射机存在发射频率单一、功率较低的问题,设计了一种基于电磁法原理的新型地下金属管线探测仪发射机。该发射机采用磁偶极感应法,以SPCE061A凌阳单片机为控制核心,将传统的配谐电容技术与先进的集成芯片技术相结合,实现了整机性能的优化和智能控制,并具有4种可选的发射频率。实验表明,该仪器指标达到设计要求,最大发射功率大于12 W,实现了发射功率的8级可调,能实时显示发射信号的频率和发射功率,并具有结构简单、可靠性高、成本低等特点,满足实际工程不同地质条件下地下金属管线探测的需要。

TN型废液晶热解产物研究

氮气气氛下,以TN型液晶为实验材料,利用TGA-FTIR联用仪研究热解失重特征及过程产物;同时利用GC-MS对管式炉实验系统热解产物进行分析。结果表明,TN型液晶热解失重起始温度为120℃,剧烈失重温度为220℃-430℃;热解产物除了含CO2外,还含有1-5个碳原子官能团的苯、苯酚、苯呋喃等组成的芳香族化合物、多环芳烃以及丙烷为主的烃类有机物。这些有机物绝大多数是有毒有害物质,可进一步通过焚烧热解产物来实现TN型废液晶无害化处理。

液晶字符识别的CNN和SVM组合分类器

针对仪表液晶显示字符识别问题,提出一种结合了卷积神经网络(CNN)和支持向量机(SVM)的字符识别方法。分别采用具有并联结构的CNN模型和基于梯度方向直方图(HOG)特征的SVM方法构建基本分类器,当2个分类器的结果存在冲突时,利用CNN的softmax输出最大值判决最终结果,当其大于设定阈值时采用CNN分类器的结果,反之采用SVM分类器的结果。建立字符图像的误差模型并利用仿真方法构建了数据集用于分类器的训练和测试,给出一种基于投票原理的最优阈值的估计算法。在MNIST和仿真数据集上的测试实验结果表明,最优阈值估计算法的结果可靠,组合分类器的准确率较2种单一分类器均有提高,在实际测试系统上其准确率达到99.81%,验证了该组合分类器方法对液晶字符识别问题的有效性;在CIFAR-10数据集上的实验结果验证了该方法也可用于其他分类问题。

TFT-LCD用偏光片的研究与进展

偏光片作为液晶显示器的主要零部件之一,在平板显示领域有着广泛的应用前景。该文阐述了TFT-LCD用偏光片的工作原理、性能指标及影响因素,介绍了偏光片的结构、分类及制造工艺,简要分析了目前偏光片的产业及市场的发展状况和趋势,以及国内相关产业政策对国内偏光片行业的发展所起的作用。

LMS195-F显示模块及其与89C51的接口电路与程序设计

LMS195F模块是内置了SED1335LCD控制器和6264显示VRAM的192×128点阵集成显示模块,其功能强大,指令丰富,具有很好的应用前景。本文简单阐述了LMS195F模块的性能、特点和指令系统及其与89C51单片机的接口电路及相关软件的设计方法并给出部分程序清单。

单片机与液显T6963C控制器的接口和控制

本文给出一个图形液晶显示模块同ＭＣＳ－８０９８单片机的接口和控制技术。介绍了汉字信息处理和图形曲线显示的软件设计方法。

高功率固态微波放大器监控系统设计

根据对高功率放大器监控系统的要求,选择C8051F单片机作为控制器,利用单片机本身的SMBus串行总线实现了监控与数据采集系统之间的数据交换,以及与远控系统之间的控制切换。使用TH25632A图形点阵式液晶显示模块作为功率放大器工作状态和参数显示器,使得监控人员随时可以方便、直观地了解功率放大器的工作状态和实时参数,实现了冗余功率放大器的在线切换。给出了系统硬件原理框图、串行数据总线收、发子程序流程图。