Tunable terahertz filter based on alternative liquid crystal layers and metallic slats

We propose and demonstrate a pseudo Fabry–Pérot filter in the terahertz frequency range of 0.1–0.5 THz. It consists of alternative liquid crystal layers and metallic slats. Separate sharp resonant peaks are shown in the simulated transmission spectra, and their positions shift toward higher frequencies when the refractive index of liquid crystal decreases. The measured transmission spectra are consistent with corresponding simulations. Via thermally tuning the refractive index of the filled liquid crystal, the resonant transmission frequencies shift accordingly. The work supplies a novel design for tunable terahertz filters, which would play important roles in terahertz imaging, sensing, high speed communication, and security applications.

Determination of Iron in Layered Crystal Sodium Disilicate and Sodium Silicate by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry with Boric Acid as a Matrix Modifier

The effects of matrix silicate and experimental conditions on the determination of iron in flame atomic absorption spectrometry （FAAS） were investigated. It was found that boric acid as a matrix modifier obviously eliminated silicate interference. Under the optimum operating conditions, the determination results of iron in layered crystal sodium disilicate and sodium silicate samples by FAAS were satisfactory. The linear range of calibration curve is 0-10.5 μg.mL^-1, the relative standard deviation of method is 1.2%-2.2%, the recovery of added iron is 96.0%- 101%, the sensitivity is 0.19 μg.mL^-l and the detection limit is 77 ng.mL^-1. The effect of the determination of iron of the standard curve method, standard addition calibration and colorimetry method was the same, but the first has the merits of rapid sample preparation, reduced contamination risks and fast analysis.

Crystal Structure and Luminescence Spectra of Novel Coordination Layer of {[Eu(m-BDC)(NO_3)(Phen)(H_2O)]_2·2CH_3CH_2OH}_n

The crystal structure of a novel Eu^(3+) coordination polymer, {[Eu(m-BDC)(NO_3)(Phen)(H_2O)]_2·2CH_3CH_2OH}_n (m-BDC=1,3-benzenedicarboxylate, Phen=1, 10-phenanthroline), was obtained and its high-resolution luminescence spectra at 77K were measured. The μ_2-carboxylate of m-BDC constructs the binuclear building block in which each Eu^(3+) ion is coordinated by four oxygen atoms of m-BDC anions, one oxygen atom from water molecule, two oxygen atoms of nitrate and two nitrogen atoms of Phen, respectively. The μ_1-carboxylate of m-BDC conjugates the binuclear units one-dimensional chain or a ribbon, while the hydrogen bonds between ribbons assemble the structure two-dimensional layer with a thickness equaling to the width of the ribbon. The luminescence spectra reveal that the two Eu^(3+) ion sites in the binuclear building blocks have slight environmental difference. The C_1 local symmetry of Eu^(3+) ion is concluded from both crystal structure measurement and luminescence spectra.

Express Methods for Measurement of Electroconductivity of Semiconductor Layered Crystal

We describe theoretically the grounded method of measuring the conductivity of anisotropic layered semiconductor materials. The suggested method implies the use of a four-probe testing device with a linear arrangement of probes. The final expressions for identifying the electrical conductivity are presented in the form of a series of analytic functions. The suggested method is experimentally verified, and practical recommendations of how to apply it are also provided.

A 2D Layered Thiostannate: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of [tmdpH_2]Sn_3S_7

A new thiostannate,[tmdpH2]Sn3S7 1（tmdp = 4,4＇-trimethylenedipiperidine）,has been synthesized under solvothermal conditions and characterized by elemental analysis,IR spectroscopy,and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.In 1,the Sn3S4 secondary incomplete cubane-like building units are bridged by μ2-S atoms to form Sn12S12 rings which are then joined parallelly to the [001] plane,giving the final 2D（Sn3S7^2-）n layer of（6,3） network.The layers are stacked along the c axis so that 24-membered ring channels are generated,in which the organic cations are accommodated.The compound crystallizes in monoclinic,space group C2/c,with a=23.052（3）,b=13.4039（12）,c=18.412（2）A,β=120.112（4）°,V=4921.3（9）A^3,C13H28N2S7Sn3,Mr=792.86,Z=8,Dc=2.140 g/cm^3,F（000）=3056,μ=3.619 mm^-1,the final R=0.0488 and wR=0.1125 for 4607 observed reflections with I〉2σ（I）.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Novel Compound:[Nd_3(OH)_7(O_2CC_6H_4SO_3)(H_2O)]_n·nH_2O with a Pillar-layered Structure

A novel Nd（Ⅲ） compound,[Nd3（OH）7（O2CC6H4SO3）（H2O）]n·nH2O 1,has been synthesized by the hydrothermal reaction of Nd2O3 and 3-sulfobenzoic acid monosodium salt. It was characterized by IR spectroscopy,elemental analysis,thermogravimetric analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in monoclinic,space group P21/c with a = 13.024（3）,b = 10.961（2）,c = 12.792（3） ,β = 91.271（3）°,V = 1825.6（7） 3,Z = 4,Mr = 787.97,Dc = 2.867 g/cm3,μ = 8.584 mm-1,F（000） = 1460,S = 1.035,R = 0.0442 and wR = 0.1166 （I 〉 2σ（I））. In this compound,the cross-linkage of Nd atoms by bridging hydroxy groups results in a Nd-O inorganic 〈200〉 layer,and such layers are linked by the 3-O3S-C6H4-CO2 dianions into a pillar-layered structure. The lattice water molecules are located in the cavity.

The Relationship Between Nacreous Layer Color and CaCO_3 Crystal Orientation

The pearl or nacreous layer of mollusk shell is composed of CaCO 3 aragonite crystals. The factors affecting their color are very complex, such as metal elements, chromoprotein, and nucleation materials. we analyzed the crystal orientation of nacreous layers with different color prepared from fresh water clams Hyriopsis cumingii Lea by X ray diffraction . The results show that the crystal CaCO 3 orientation on specific plane is responsible for the color of pearl and nacreous pearl color.

A Study of Metal Ions Packing Hydrated Layer of Inclusion Crystals

The inclusion crystal formed by the hexamethylenamine with p-nitrophenol has a layer type structure,and is divided or- ganic layer and inorganic layer,the latter has a width of 1.0136nm.Metal ions can enter hydrated layer of the crystal,the con- tents of the cations and water in the crystal are determined.The XRD analysis of the layer type structure of the crystal is also giv- en.

In situ Investigation on Layer-by-Layer Deposition of Polyelectrolytes by Quartz Crystal Microbalance

layer-by-layer 免职上的盐集中的效果(钠 4 苯乙烯 sulfonate )(PSSS ) poly， /poly (vinylbenzyl trimethylammonium 氯化物)(PVTC ) 被石英水晶微量天秤的使用与驱散(QCM-D ) 调查。在频率和驱散的变化证明 NaCl 的增加导致多层的 PSSS/PVTC 的厚度增加。PSSS/PVTC 的免职被表面费用过度补偿水平在更低的盐集中统治。然而，它被聚合电解质的互相贯通主要在更高的盐集中决定，在驱散变化的摆动思考了。

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Novel Two-dimensional Layered Polymer [Zn(μ-O_2CCH=CHCO_2)(C_3H_4N_2)(H_2O)]_n

The title complex [Zn(-O2CCH=CHCO2)(C3H4N2)(H2O)]n was prepared by the reaction of zinc carbonate with maleic acid and imidazole in an aqueous-alcohol solution at 333 K, and its crystal structure has been solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The complex crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group Pc with a = 5.3858(7), b = 22.685(3), c = 7.6782(1) ? = 92.261(2)o, V = 937.4(2) 3, Z = 1, C14H16N4O10Zn2, Mr = 531.05, Dc = 1.882 g/cm3, = 2.623 mm1, F(000) = 532, the final R = 0.0372 and wR = 0.0930 for 1926 observed reflections with I>2s(I). The central zinc atom is five-coordinated in a distorted square pyramidal environment to three oxygen atoms of two different maleate ligands, a nitrogen atom of the imi- dazole ligand and an oxygen atom of water. In the complex two carboxylate groups of the maleate ligands have two coordination modes. One acts as a bidentate chelate ligand and the other a monoatomic monodentate ligand to bridge two zinc centers. As a result, 1-D infinite polymeric chains are formed, which are linked together by pairs of OH…O hydrogen bonds between the coordination water OH groups and carboxylate oxygen atoms to construct a 2-D layered polymer, and the layer structure is stabilized by p-p stacking of the imidozel ligands.

Impacts of Temperature and Frequency on the Dielectric Properties for Insight into the Nature of the Charge Transports in the Tl2S Layered Single Crystals

Investigation of the electric properties of semi-conducting materials in an applied ac electric fields gives information about the nature of charge transport and localized states in the forbidden gap. Layered crystals usually contain structural defects, such as dislocations and vacancies that may form a high density of localized states near the Fermi level. So, the current study was carried out for insight into the dielectric Properties of Tl2S layered single crystals. These properties were studied using the ac measurements in the low temperatures ranging from 77 to 300 K. The real part of dielectric constant ε?, imaginary part of dielectric constant ε?, the dissipation factor tan δ and the alternating current conductivity σac were measured in an applied ac electric field of frequencies extending from 2.5 to 50 kHz. Based on the dependencies of these dielectric parameters on both the frequency and temperature, the dielectric properties of the crystals under investigation were elucidated and analyzed. The ac conductivity was found to obey the power law σac(ω) = Aωs with which the values of the exponent s were evaluated to be less than unity in the range 0.21 ≥ s ≥ 0.19. Furthermore, it was found that the temperature dependence of ac conductivity follows the Arrhenius relation via which the impact of temperature on the electrical processes in an applied ac electric field was illustrated and analyzed. The influences of temperature and frequency on both the exponent s and band gap were also discussed in this investigation.

A Layered Vanadium Oxide with Cobalt(Ⅱ) Coordination Complex: Hydrothermal Synthesis and Crystal Structure of (py)_5Co_2(H_2O)_3[V_4O_(12)]

A novel layered mixed metal vanadium-cobadt complex, （py）5Co2（H2O）3[V4O12] 1 （py = pyridine）, was hydro（solvo）thermally synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in orthorhombic, space group Pca21 with a = 17.473（4）, b = 11.447（2）, c = 17.509（4）A^°, V = 5005.3（7）A^°3, Z = 4, Mr = 3502.1（12）, Z = 4, Dc = 1.827 g/cm^3,μ（MoKα） = 2.023 mm^-1, F（000） = 1928, S = 1.020, the final R = 0.0400 and wR= 0.1063 for 6035 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I） and 460 variables. Complex 1 consists of tetrahedral VO4 groups to form the large layers which are alternately bonded by two cobalt complex species Co（py）2（H2O）2 and Co（py）3（H2O）.

Cinnamate-functionalized hyperbranched polymer as liquid crystal photo-alignment layer

In this work, 4-methoxylcinnamoyl chloride was reacted with a commercial hyperbranched polymer （Boltom-TM H30） to prepare a hyperbranched photosensitive polymer （H30-Ci）. The polymer was characterized by UV absorption spectrum and 1H- NMR spectrum. After processed by Linearly Polarized Polymerization （LPP） method, the spin-coated films of H30-Ci were used as photo-alignment layers to assemble liquid crystal （LC） cells containing nematic liquid crystal （5CB）. The observation by polarized microscope showed that the H30-Ci blended with a linear polymer （BP-AN-Ci） photo-alignment layers could align LC molecules in a very uniform way.

新兴的多元铋系光催化剂:结构分类、制备、改性及应用

光催化技术能够利用太阳能实现污染物降解和能源物质合成,被认为是解决环境污染和能源短缺两大难题的极具潜力的方法之一.探索新型光催化剂是推进光催化技术发展的重要途径.铋系光催化剂因具有独特的晶体结构、良好的杂化电子能带结构和多元的化学组成而表现出较好的光催化性能.多种传统铋系光催化剂已被广泛的制备和研究,它们具有不同的光吸收能力以及氧化还原能力,已经在污染物降解、水分解产氧等应用中取得成效.近年来越来越多的新型多元铋系光催化剂被开发,为不同的光催化反应提供了更多催化剂选择.因此有必要对近几年开发的新型铋系光催化材料进行总结,并为铋系光催化材料研究和发展提供一定的参考.本文综述了近十年共60余种新兴多元铋系光催化剂的研究进展,从多个角度进行系统的梳理和总结.首先,对60余种新型铋系光催化材料进行了汇总,并根据晶体结构构型进行了分类,包括Sillén,Sillén-related,Aurivillius,Sillén-Aurivillius以及其他结构类型共5大类,每种材料都具有从原子尺度到宏观尺度的独特结构,因此本文进一步对新型铋系材料的结构性规律进行了总结,主要分为层状铋系化合物和非层状铋系化合物.在此基础上,概括了材料的合成方法,目前多元铋系光催化材料的合成方法主要为水热溶解热法和高温固相法,分别讨论了不同合成方法对不同结构类型材料制备的优势,尤其在获得高性能的光催化剂方面,材料合成方法起到决定性作用.此外,归纳了针对提高新兴多元铋系光催化剂性能的修饰策略.材料改性修饰是目前铋系材料研究的热点,适当的合成方法结合相应的改性修饰可以获得更理想的光催化材料,阐述了形貌调控、特定晶面暴露、异质结构建、极性电场构建等方法对新型铋系材料性能促进的机理,并对各种策略存在的优缺点进行了总结.同时概述了新型多元铋系材料在不同光催化应用领域的进展,包括液体和气体污染物的降解、水裂解生成氢气和氧气、二氧化碳还原、固氮、硫化氢裂解生成氢气、有机合成等,为拓展不同多元铋系光催化剂的应用领域提供参考.最后,本文对新型多元铋系材料目前仍存在的关键问题以及未来的研究趋势进行了展望,希望能为铋系材料的进一步研发提供一定的启发.

层式结晶中典型能量系统

近年来,熔融结晶技术作为生产高纯度产品的重要技术在相关行业的应用愈发广泛,在国内外备受关注。本文简述了熔融结晶技术的特点及其分类,重点介绍了层式结晶的操作过程和不同阶段所需的换热要求,并详细说明了一种典型的能量系统设计,其包括了系统的组成、设备功能、工艺流程、蓄能罐充放能过程。本能量系统不仅可以应用于具有严格换热要求的层式结晶过程,亦可以用于其它类似的工况。

扬子地块北缘毕机沟岩体下部带堆晶岩结构定量化分析:对层状岩体冷却早期粒间熔体排出机制的约束

层状岩体冷却中—晚期晶粥中粒间熔体的排出被认为与铁钛氧化物的大量结晶关系密切,但在岩体冷却早期铁钛氧化物尚未大量结晶时,粒间熔体能否被有效排出、以及如何排出还需要深入探究。扬子地块北缘毕机沟岩体是我国目前发现的规模最大、分异程度较高且赋存有钒钛磁铁矿矿床的层状岩体。岩体下部带、中部带和上部带分别由斜长橄榄岩、辉长岩和闪长岩组成。本研究以下部斜长橄榄岩相带为对象,通过对斜长石和单斜辉石进行晶体粒度分布(CSDs)和空间展布形式(SDPs)分析,探讨层状岩体冷却早期粒间熔体的排出方式及其控制因素。模拟计算结果表明,样品中封闭粒间熔体比例(FTL)为9%~13%,暗示岩体冷却早期粒间熔体被有效排出。单斜辉石和斜长石的CSD曲线斜率主要为3.36~2.45和2.99~1.87,截距分别为0.45~3.35和1.06~2.83,均具有斜率一致而截距变化较大的特征,与机械压实的CSD曲线一致。单斜辉石和斜长石在SDP图解上均显示负相关关系,也与机械压实趋势一致。因此,毕机沟岩体冷却早期粒间熔体的排出机制为机械压实。在此基础上,我们将毕机沟与全球其他典型层状岩体从岩体规模、粒间熔体和堆晶矿物密度差、晶体堆积速率与压实速率以及晶粥层厚度等方面进行系统对比后发现,在层状岩体冷却早期没有岩浆补给和对流的情况下,当岩体规模相近时,压实受控于堆晶矿物与粒间熔体密度差,密度差越大压实越容易发生;而当岩体规模不同时,规模越大压实越容易发生。