Riemann–Hilbert problem for the defocusing Lakshmanan–Porsezian–Daniel equation with fully asymmetric nonzero boundary conditions

The Riemann–Hilbert approach is demonstrated to investigate the defocusing Lakshmanan–Porsezian–Daniel equation under fully asymmetric nonzero boundary conditions.In contrast to the symmetry case,this paper focuses on the branch points related to the scattering problem rather than using the Riemann surfaces.For the direct problem,we analyze the Jost solution of lax pairs and some properties of scattering matrix,including two kinds of symmetries.The inverse problem at branch points can be presented,corresponding to the associated Riemann–Hilbert.Moreover,we investigate the time evolution problem and estimate the value of solving the solutions by Jost function.For the inverse problem,we construct it as a Riemann–Hilbert problem and formulate the reconstruction formula for the defocusing Lakshmanan–Porsezian–Daniel equation.The solutions of the Riemann–Hilbert problem can be constructed by estimating the solutions.Finally,we work out the solutions under fully asymmetric nonzero boundary conditions precisely via utilizing the Sokhotski–Plemelj formula and the square of the negative column transformation with the assistance of Riemann surfaces.These results are valuable for understanding physical phenomena and developing further applications of optical problems.

Prediction of Breakdown Voltage of Asymmetric Linearly-Graded Junction by Equivalent Doping Profile Transformation Method

This report describes an equivalent doping profile transformation method with which the avalanche breakdown voltage of the asymmetric linearly graded junction was analytically predicted.The maximum breakdown voltage and the different depletion layer extension on the diffused side and substrate side are demonstrated in the report.The report shows the equivalent doping profile method is valid to predict the breakdown voltage of the complex P N junction.The analytical results agree with the experimental breakdown voltage in comparison with the abrupt junction and symmetric linearly graded junction approximations.

Bcklund Transformation and Localized Coherent Structure for the (2+1)-Dimensional Asymmetric Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov Equation

This article is concerned with the extended homogeneous balance method for studying the abundant localized solution structure of the (2+1) dimensional asymmetric Nizhnik Novikov Veselov equation. A B a¨ cklund transformation was first obtained, and then the richness of the localized coherent structures was found, which was caused by the entrance of two variable separated arbitrary functions, in the model. For some special choices of the arbitrary functions, it is shown that the localized structures of the model may be dromions, lumps, and ring solitons.

Preparation of D-Phenylalanine by Asymmetric Transformation

The method of preparing D-phenylalanine by asymmetric transformation is reported. D-phenylalanine was prepared from DL-phenylalanine by two-step reaction. D-phenylalanine (2S, 3S)-tartrate was prepared by heating DL-phenylalanine, salicylaldehyde, and (2S, 3S)-tartaric acid in propionic acid; the obtained D-phenylalanine (2S, 3S)-tartrate was treated with triethylamine in ethanol giving D-phenylalanine with 98% optical purity in 69% yield.

Science Letters:A new asymmetric watermarking scheme based on a real fractional DCT-I transform

A new asymmetric watermarking scheme is proposed in this letter. In the proposed scheme, a secret real fractional DCT-I transform and a primitive watermark are employed to generate an asymmetric watermark. The secret watermark for em-bedding is derived from the primitive watermark, and is embedded in the large fractional DCT-I transformation coefficients of a cover signal. The asymmetric detection procedure is performed using a correlation test. Simulation results showed that the asymmetric detection is reliable, and that the scheme can provide minimum security.

Confluence of asymmetric catalysis and electrosynthesis in sustainable chemical transformations

Electrosynthesis has gained widespread recognition for its extraordinary ability to precisely control the redox process.This outstanding capability enables the direct conversion of non-functionalized substrates into reactive intermediates by utilizing easily accessible starting materials, eliminating the need for preliminary functionalization procedures and allowing for unconventional bond activations.

Power Network Asymmetrical Faults Analysis Using Instantaneous Symmetrical Components

Although the application of Symmetrical Components to time-dependent variables was introduced by Lyon in 1954, for many years its application was essentially restricted to electric machines. Recently, thanks to its advantages, the Lyon transformation is also applied to power network calculation. In this paper, time-dependent symmetrical components are used to study the dynamic analysis of asymmetrical faults in a power system. The Lyon approach allows the calculation of the maximum values of overvoltages and overcurrents under transient conditions and to study network under non-sinusoidal conditions. Finally, some examples with longitudinal asymmetrical faults are illustrated.

Squeezing Transformation of Three-Mode Entangled State

We introduce the three-mode entangled state and set up an experiment to generate it. Then we discuss the three-mode squeezing operator squeezed ｜p, X2, X3〉→μ^-3/2｜p/μ, X2/μ, X3/μ） and the optical implement to realize such a squeezed state. We also reveal that c-number .asymmetric shrink transform in the three-mode entangled state, i.e. ｜p, X2,X3）→μ^-1/2｜p/μ, X2,X3）, maps onto a kind of one-sided three-mode squeezing operator {iλ （∑i^3=1 Pi） （∑i^3=1 Qi） -λ/2}. Using the technique of integration within an ordered product （IWOP） of operators, we derive their normally ordered forms and construct the corresponding squeezed states.

可形变Transformer辅助的胸部X光影像疾病诊断模型

针对胸部X光影像中的灰雾现象、病变区域重叠等问题,提出可形变Transformer辅助的胸部X光影像疾病诊断模型.将扩展后的ResNet50作为特征提取网络,添加压缩型双注意力模块,增强病变区域与非病变区域之间的特征差异,降低冗余信息的干扰,提高图像数据的特征提取效果;通过可形变Transformer解码器内部的交叉注意力模块,引入类别表征作为先验知识,引导影像特征进一步融合,提高不同疾病在影像区域重叠情况下的特征区分度;将解码器的输出传入分类器中以获得最终的诊断结果.压缩型双注意力模块和可形变Transformer均起到降低模型计算复杂度的作用,引入非对称损失函数可以更好地解决正负样本不均衡.利用所提模型在公开数据集ChestX-Ray14和CheXpert上进行多组实验,在2个数据集上的受试者操作的特征曲线下面积值(AUC)分别达到0.8398和0.9061,表明该模型在胸部X光影像的疾病诊断方面具有正确性和有效性.

Unifying Convolution and Transformer Decoder for Textile Fiber Identification

At present,convolutional neural networks(CNNs)and transformers surpass humans in many situations(such as face recognition and object classification),but do not work well in identifying fibers in textile surface images.Hence,this paper proposes an architecture named FiberCT which takes advantages of the feature extraction capability of CNNs and the long-range modeling capability of transformer decoders to adaptively extract multiple types of fiber features.Firstly,the convolution module extracts fiber features from the input textile surface images.Secondly,these features are sent into the transformer decoder module where label embeddings are compared with the features of each type of fibers through multi-head cross-attention and the desired features are pooled adaptively.Finally,an asymmetric loss further purifies the extracted fiber representations.Experiments show that FiberCT can more effectively extract the representations of various types of fibers and improve fiber identification accuracy than state-of-the-art multi-label classification approaches.

Over Voltage Fault due to Disconnection of Consumer’s Transformer Neutral Wire

Practically,the load currents in three phases are asymmetric in the power system.It means that the impedances are different in all three phases.If the consumer’s transformer neutral cut off and/or was disconnected from the neutral of power supply source,then there will be some trouble and failure occurred.The current in the neutral wire drops down to zero when the neutral wire is cut off and the phase currents of all three-phase equal to each other since there was no return wire.The currents are equal but the voltages at the phase consumers are different.Especially for residential single-phase consumers,the voltage at the consumers of the phase varies differently for three phase systems when the neutral wire was disconnected at consumer side and even the voltage at the consumers one or two of those three phases becomes over nominal voltage or reaches nearly line voltage.In this case,the electronic appliances in that phase will be fed by high voltage than the rated value and they can be broken down.In the power system of UB(Ulaanbaatar)city,there are some occasional such kind of failures every year.Obviously,many electronic appliances were broken down due to high voltage and the electricity utility companies respond for service charge of damaged parts.

绿色金融政策、企业行为与中国工业非对称转型

新型工业化背景下,中国绿色金融政策的产业转型效应能否契合中国工业转型需求有待检验。以2015-2022年A股工业企业为样本,以中国绿色金融改革创新试验区试点政策为准自然实验,利用渐进双重差分法实证研究中国绿色金融政策的工业转型效应,并从微观企业行为层面分析其内在机制。研究发现绿色金融政策存在“非对称转型”效应,其总体上提高了污染行业的生产效率、降低了绿色行业的生产效率。进而利用动态分析方法进行机制检验发现,对于污染行业,绿色金融政策倒逼企业优化要素配置效率但抑制了企业创新行为,导致生产效率短期提升明显但长期增长动力不足;对于绿色行业,绿色金融政策明显激励了企业创新投入,但抑制了企业要素配置优化行为,导致生产效率短暂下降,但在较长时间窗口内稳步提升。进一步研究发现,与排污收费政策和研发补贴政策搭配使用能够削弱绿色金融政策对污染行业的创新抑制效应、提高绿色行业的要素配置效率,从而缓解绿色金融政策的“非对称转型”效应,促进中国工业整体生产效率在短期和中长期内均衡提升。

一维六方压电准晶双材料椭圆孔边不对称裂纹断裂行为

基于一维六方压电准晶理论,利用复变函数方法研究了一维六方压电准晶双材料椭圆孔边不对称裂纹的反平面问题。利用保角变换将椭圆孔孔边裂纹问题转化为直裂纹问题,结合Stroh公式求解得到电不可通和电可通两种条件下场强度因子和能量释放率的解析表达式。数值算例结果显示:一维六方压电准晶双材料界面Griffith裂纹比椭圆孔边裂纹更易促进裂纹扩展;考虑相位子场可使能量释放率变化更显著,表明压电准晶材料相比压电材料更脆。此研究可为压电准晶元件的设计和制备提供理论依据。

Sequential enantioselective Ugi-4CR/post-Ugi transformation strategy:a precise construction of structurally diverse azaspiro polycyclic scaffolds

A privileged strategy has been developed for the precise construction of enantioenriched azaspiro polycyclic scaffolds.Structurally diverse azaspiro polycycles bearing multiple contiguous stereocenters are obtained with excellent results(up to 99:1 e.r.,>95:5 d.r.) via sequential enantioselective four-component Ugi reactions/post-Ugi transformations with substrates containing prerequisite functional groups in the presence of anionic stereogenic-at-cobalt(Ⅲ) complexes.

基于时频和双谱特征融合的DA-ResNeXt50射频指纹识别方法

针对射频指纹识别中单一特征无法全面表示信号的完整性,且类间特征差异较小从而限制识别准确率等问题,提出了一种基于时频和双谱特征融合的DA-ResNeXt50(ResNeXt50 with dense connection and ACBlock)射频指纹识别方法。首先,对采集到的不同设备的信号分别进行短时傅里叶变换(short-time Fourier transform,STFT)和双谱变换,将得到的图像二值化处理并拼接,综合利用两种变换分别在时频域和高阶统计特性上的优势,更全面地提取和表征不同设备的射频指纹特征;然后,提出了DA-ResNeXt50网络模型,借鉴密集连接思想,使四层残差单元每一层都与前面所有层直接相连,促进了特征的复用和传递,能更好地捕捉类间细微差异;最后,使用非对称卷积模块(asymmetric convolution block,ACBlock)替换模型最后一层残差单元的3×3卷积,可以有效地增加网络的感受野,增强卷积核的骨架部分,从而提高射频指纹识别性能。实验结果表明,相较于使用单一特征提取方法,提出的特征融合方法的性能有较大的提升,改进后的模型与多种经典模型相比,具有较高的识别精度。

不同类型资源丰裕度对企业转型升级的非对称影响

在我国经济发展新常态背景下,助推中国制造企业转型升级,须厘清现代数据资源与传统资源的不同,使转型升级行为成为现实。选取2015—2022年我国制造业上市公司样本数据,实证检验企业不同类型资源丰裕度对制造业转型升级的非对称影响及作用机制。结果表明:企业资源丰裕度可以促使企业转型升级,无论是传统资源还是数据资源均能够显著提升转型升级效果,其中相对于传统资源,数据资源的积极作用更强;企业资源丰裕度可以通过增大创新投入力度促使企业转型升级,且在不同作用路径下传统资源丰裕度对企业转型升级的影响中,创新投入的中介效应更大;与此同时,企业资源禀赋对其转型升级的影响存在企业、行业和区域差异性。

环境规制对资源型城市转型非线性影响

为探究环境规制、资源型城市转型及其空间资源溢出间关系,从空间溢出视角出发,在2011—2021年的113个资源型地级市数据基础上,构建半参数门限空间杜宾模型(STSDM),探索了环境规制对资源型城市转型绩效的非线性关系及其非对称性空间溢出影响。结果表明:①线性假设下环境规制不利于城市转型绩效提升,但非线性假设下,环境规制在初期有利于资源型城市转型绩效提升,具备“边际效应递减”的非线性长期特征,偏导图呈弱“U形”特征;②资源型城市转型绩效在空间资源溢出效应上存在有非对称性;③资源型城市环境规制处于越高阶段,能够获得城市绩效转型的空间资源溢出红利越少。据此提出要因地适宜设立环境规制政策、建立长效环境保护机制等政策性建议。

基于可变电感器的不对称占空比DAB调制策略分析

探讨了在双有源桥式(OAB)变换器中使用可变电感器作为能量传输的元件,通过将受控可变电感器作为额外的受控量,可以扩展相移DAB操作中的最佳切换区域。与传统解决方案相比,可以在更宽的负载范围内实现高效率。该方法将可变电感和移相比作为主要控制参数,能够在宽负载变化范围下实现零电压开关导通以及减少回流功率等目标。其中,可通过对双E形电感器施加偏置电流实现可变电感器电感的变化。最后通过实验验证了所提方法的有效性和优越性,结果表明该方法能够在宽负载范围下实现零电压开关导通以及减少回流功率。

Carbene-catalyzed activation of cyclopropylcarbaldehydes for mannich reaction andδ-lactam formation:remote enantioselecitvity control and dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation

An N-heterocyclic carbene(NHC)-catalyzed enantioselective Mannich reaction of the remoteγ-carbon of cyclopropylcarbaldehydes is disclosed for the first time.Diastereo-and enantiomerically enriched multicyclicδ-lactam compound is afforded as the main product from 8 possible stereo-specific isomers through dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation(DYKAT)processes.Multiple chiral functional molecules can be afforded from the lactam products through simple protocols with retentions of the optical purities.

Color Information Encoding Based on Phase-Truncated Gyrator Transform Domain

A color information encryption method using phase-truncated gyrator transform domain is proposed. In this technique, the color image is decomposed into R, G and B channels. The decomposed three RBG channels evade the interference of crosstalks efficiently. Each channel is separately modulated to the first random phase mask and then gyrator transformed. The transformed image is phase-truncated to get first encoded image and amplitude-truncated to produce first asymmetric phase key. The obtained image is modulated to the second random phase mask and then again gyrator transformed. The resulted image is phase-truncated to obtain second encoded image and amplitude-truncated to generate second asymmetric phase key. The proposed system includes transformation angles of GT and asymmetric phase keys as decryption keys. The proposed system can be implemented digitally or optically. The optical setup is free from optical misalignment problem. The theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results both validate the proposed technique.