The temporal dynamics in brain evoked by the scale of visual attention with the cues of Chinese characters were studied by recording event-related potentials (ERPs). With the fixed orientation of visual attention, 14 ...The temporal dynamics in brain evoked by the scale of visual attention with the cues of Chinese characters were studied by recording event-related potentials (ERPs). With the fixed orientation of visual attention, 14 healthy young participants performed a search task in which the search array was preceded by Chinese characters cues, '大, 中, 小' (large, medium, small). 128 channels scalp ERPs were recorded to study the role of visual attention scale played in the visual spatial attention. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the ERP components evoked by the three Chinese characters cues except the in-feroposterior N2 latency. The targets evoked P2, N2 amplitudes and latency have significant differences with the different cues of large, middle and small, while P1 and N1 components had no significant difference. The results suggested that the processing of scale of visual attention was mainly concerned with P2, N2 components, while the P1, N1 components were mainly related with展开更多
碳利用效率(carbon use efficiency,CUE)是指机体用于生长的碳量占其吸收总碳量的比例,是研究生态系统碳循环和碳分配模式的重要参数。对CUE的研究可利用多种方法从多尺度开展,然而CUE的高尺度敏感性导致不同方法之间的结果变异性较大,...碳利用效率(carbon use efficiency,CUE)是指机体用于生长的碳量占其吸收总碳量的比例,是研究生态系统碳循环和碳分配模式的重要参数。对CUE的研究可利用多种方法从多尺度开展,然而CUE的高尺度敏感性导致不同方法之间的结果变异性较大,难以整合并且扩展外推,成为制约CUE研究方法及应用的重要因素。本文将CUE常见的测定方法按照研究对象的应用尺度差异分为样地尺度、生态系统尺度、景观和区域尺度以及大陆和全球尺度,概述各方法的特点、优势及局限性。随后,分尺度综述CUE的研究进展,发现CUE受到包括生物和非生物等多种因素的影响,各影响因素及其交互作用在不同时空尺度上控制着CUE,CUE数值也随尺度和测定方法的不同而发生变异。建议今后对CUE的研究应该综合考量生物和环境等多要素交互影响效果,通过机理和技术研究提升数据测定的准确性,以及整合多尺度结果为模型优化提供新思路。展开更多
基金This work was supported by theNational Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 39970257)the Multidisciplinary Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KJCXl-07)by the Hundred Talents Program of the the Chinese Academy o
文摘The temporal dynamics in brain evoked by the scale of visual attention with the cues of Chinese characters were studied by recording event-related potentials (ERPs). With the fixed orientation of visual attention, 14 healthy young participants performed a search task in which the search array was preceded by Chinese characters cues, '大, 中, 小' (large, medium, small). 128 channels scalp ERPs were recorded to study the role of visual attention scale played in the visual spatial attention. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the ERP components evoked by the three Chinese characters cues except the in-feroposterior N2 latency. The targets evoked P2, N2 amplitudes and latency have significant differences with the different cues of large, middle and small, while P1 and N1 components had no significant difference. The results suggested that the processing of scale of visual attention was mainly concerned with P2, N2 components, while the P1, N1 components were mainly related with
文摘碳利用效率(carbon use efficiency,CUE)是指机体用于生长的碳量占其吸收总碳量的比例,是研究生态系统碳循环和碳分配模式的重要参数。对CUE的研究可利用多种方法从多尺度开展,然而CUE的高尺度敏感性导致不同方法之间的结果变异性较大,难以整合并且扩展外推,成为制约CUE研究方法及应用的重要因素。本文将CUE常见的测定方法按照研究对象的应用尺度差异分为样地尺度、生态系统尺度、景观和区域尺度以及大陆和全球尺度,概述各方法的特点、优势及局限性。随后,分尺度综述CUE的研究进展,发现CUE受到包括生物和非生物等多种因素的影响,各影响因素及其交互作用在不同时空尺度上控制着CUE,CUE数值也随尺度和测定方法的不同而发生变异。建议今后对CUE的研究应该综合考量生物和环境等多要素交互影响效果,通过机理和技术研究提升数据测定的准确性,以及整合多尺度结果为模型优化提供新思路。
