Seeking the Self-consciousness of Black Woman from the Point of View of“Womanism”in Everyday Use

Alice Walker is one of the prominent American writers in American women' s literature and black literature in 1950s-1960s.The short story Everyday Use was published early in her writing career.She displays the differences in the behav iors and minds of the mother and her two daughters during the process of seeking the self-consciousness of black woman from the point of view of " womanism".This paper attempts to explore the awakening of their heritage and self-consciousness in or der to deepen the understanding and thoughts on the theme of the text.

Study on Self-consciousness of Children With Learning Disabilities and Related Factors

Objective To study the self-consciousness of children with learning disabilities (LD) and to identify related factors. Methods Five hundred and sixty pupils graded from 1 to 6 in an elementary school were investigated. According to the pupil rating scale revised screening for learning disabilities (PRS), combined Raven’s test (CRT) and achievement of main courses, 35 of 560 pupils were diagnosed as LD children. Thirty-five children were selected from the average children and 35 from advanced children in academic achievement equally matched in class, gender, and age with LD children as control groups. The three groups were tested by Piers-Harris children’s self-concept scale. Basic information of each subject was collected by self-made questionnaire. Results Compared with the average and advanced children, LD children got significantly lower scores in self-concept scale. Based on logistic regression analysis, 3 factors were identified, including family income per month, single child and delivery model. Conclusion The results suggest that self-consciousness of children with LD is lower than that of normal children.

The Relationship between College Graduate’s Dual Self-Consciousness and Job Search Clarity: The Mediating Role of Perceived Stress

The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between college graduates’dual self-consciousness,job search clarity and perceived stress,and reveal the mediating role of perceived stress between dual self-consciousness and job search clarity.In this study,467 college graduates were investigated using the Dual Self-Consciousness Scale,Job Search Clarity Scale,and Perceived Stress Scale.After controlling for gender,age,and region,the results revealed that:(1)private self-consciousness has a significant positive predictive effect on job search clarity;(2)perceived stress has a significant negative predictive effect on job search clarity;(3)perceived stress plays partial mediation effects between private self-consciousness and job search clarity;(4)perceived stress plays complete mediation effects between public self-consciousness and job search clarity;(5)perceived stress has suppressing effects between public self-consciousness and job search clarity.

The Conflicts of Huck''s Self-consciousness and His Spiritual Growth in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is one of the masterpieces of American novelist Mark Twain. In this novel, Twain not onlydescribes the courageous adventures of Huck, but also his psychological or spiritual growth. Due to the social and cultural back-ground of that time and general cultural concept the protagonist was instilled before, the conflicts of the protagonist's self-con-sciousness appear many times in this novel when the issue of slavery is concerned. However, through the protagonist's inner con-flicts, he finally gains spiritual growth and obtains a higher level of moral maturity.

The Study on Self-consciousness in Flow

The issue of consciousness is a core issue in flow theory.The key element of flow is concentration,which is based on self-control and the order of consciousness.Flow usually gives people a feeling of ecstasy,but this disappearance of self-awareness does not mean the disappearance of the self.Self still controls actions and thinking.The abnormality of the sense of time in flow is related to the disappearance of self-consciousness.Reflection provides the dynamic situation of behavior and helps people adjust themselves in time to achieve the optimal experience of heart flow.

Phenomenal Consciousness, Self-Consciousness and Animal Suffering

In this article I will confront Antonio Damasio＇s theory （exposed in his last book Self Comes to Mind） with the criticism it received from Ned Block. The latter holds that Damasio does not distinguish the concepts of phenomenal consciousness and self-consciousness and this has two kinds of consequences. One is that it cannot satisfactorily explain certain mental states （dreams, vegetative states）; the other is that it has harmful consequences for animal ethics. I maintain that to compare the two theories we can only rely on our pre-theoretical intuition of consciousness. Thus, I argue that Dam^tsio＇s theory combines more with our intuitions. One of the reasons is that the cases that Block describes as phenomenal consciousness without access consciousness （and without self-consciousness） are best explained as being cases of mind without consciousness. Dam^sio＇s theory can also explain those referred cases which are theoretically problematic. Moreover, Dam^isio has a threshold model （an expression by Barry Dainton）, which is something that Block seems to ignore. This model fits well with the intuitions and neurological knowledge that we normally have on animal consciousness. Dam^isio＇s core self and his theory of emotions and feelings allow us to understand why we feel compassion for animals. Therefore, we are able to develop an animal ethics, which does not mean that we are required to do so. So even though Damasio does not solve the mystery of consciousness, he should not be the subject of Block＇s criticism.

The Rise of the Elizabethan Language:Self-consciousness and Language Policy

The notion of"Queen's English",depending on who is the ruler of the time,could be traced back to the sixteenth century,when the idea that the monarch's usage of the language should be a model in speech and writing.That is where the"Elizabethan English" originated from.From the linguistic point of view,Elizabethan English is categorized into Early Modern English,which dominantly spanned the Renaissance,Elizabethan era and Shakespeare.On a smaller scale,this paper focused upon language itself,trying to exemplify the rise of Elizabethan Language from the second half of 16th century to the outset of 17th century by presenting two factors of self-consciousness and the relevant policy.

Self-consciousness in Black Literature

The Black self-consciousness is an eternal literay theme seriously treated in American Literature and Black Literature in particular,This paper gives a survey of the progress of Black self-consciousness in which Black Americans have neen struggling continously to earn their freedom and equality,and later to restore their own self-respect and confidence.The progressive self-consciousness is evidently demonstrated in this paper by comparative analysis of various Black figures,from the obedient and meek Ngro slaves represented by Uncle Tom to the rebellious and difi-ant characters portrayed by Richard Wright and Ralph Ellison,In reality,the promising generation involved in the Harlem Renaissance have taken some measures to search for their own identity in a highly organized and prejudiced society.

The Awakening of Self-consciousness of the African American Women—an Analysis of Dee in Everyday Use

Alice Walker is one of the prominent American writers in American women's literature and black literature in 1950s-1960s. Everyday Use is regarded as Alice Walker's best-written short story. The prevailing opinion among the critics about this story is that Dee is the traitor of black American's cultural heritage, and the mother and Maggie are the hope of true value of the African Americans' tradition and heritage; however, after considering the historical and cultural background of the story, we may safely come to the conclusion that Dee actually took the first step toward the awakening of self-consciousness of the African Americans women.

The Relationship between Consumers'Public Self-consciousness and their Purchase Intention of the New Luxury Goods

The era of consumption upgrade has begun due to the rapid economic development.Nowadays,the new luxuryconsumption is prevailing,and China has emerged as the primary consumer of these luxury goods.Based on the public self-consciousness of consumers,the relationship between this aspect and consumers'purchase intentions of the new luxury goodsis explored.This study investigated the impact of consumers'public self-consciousness on their willingness to purchase newluxury goods,validated the proposed hypothesis by design experiments,and used the linear regression analysis of theexperimental data.This study showed that the higher the consumer's public self-consciousness,the more inclined they wereto purchase these luxury goods.The findings of this study would be helpful to expand and enrich the researeh of the newluxury consumption behaviors in consideration that public self-consciousness is hardly reflected in recent research.Hence,this study would enlighten and acts as a significant reference for companies of the new luxury goods to develop more effectivemarketing strategies.

微生物培养基质量控制技术和标准

微生物培养基的酸碱度、凝胶强度和选择性等直接影响到培养基的质量,在理化试验方法中采用连接可渗透陶器型液体接头的电极和平头电极或者连接微型探头的电极可分别测定液体和固体培养基的pH值,而采用Gelometer和theLFRATextureAnalyser可测定固体培养基的凝胶强度。在微生物学方法中固体培养基采用倾注平板法、涂布法、划线法(半定量法)、改良的Miles-Misra法等测定生长情况,液体培养基采用稀释法测定生长率,用目标菌和杂菌的混合菌株评价选择性增菌培养基的选择性,利用OD值评价液体培养基生长率等。ICFMH(国际食品微生物学和卫生学委员会培养基工作组)、ISO、FDA以及我国卫生部等相继制定了培养基质量控制的标准,但目前还没有一个系统的适合我国国情的培养基质量控制国家标准,以致各相关单位采用的标准不一致,所以制定培养基质量控制国家标准非常关键。

三种桃砧木茎尖培养技术的研究

以砧选1号、东溪小仙桃、毛桃茎尖为试验材料进行组织培养,研究不同消毒处理、基本培养基、植物激素的种类和浓度对桃砧木茎尖初代、继代和生根培养的影响。结果表明:初代培养中最适宜消毒方法为75%酒精30 s和0.1%升汞(HgCl2)3 min,植株下部外植体成活率较高;MS(6-BA 0.5 mg·L-1,IBA 0.2 mg·L-1)为东溪小仙桃和砧选1号最佳初代培养基,成活率分别为73.33%和76.67%;适合毛桃和砧选1号的继代培养基为MS(6-BA 1.5 mg·L-1,IBA 0.2 mg·L-1),适合东溪小仙桃的继代培养基MS(6-BA 2.0 mg·L-1,IBA 0.5 mg·L-1);1/2MS基本培养基对嫩梢生根诱导效果最好,适宜毛桃和砧选1号的生根培养基为1/2MS(IBA 1.0 mg·L-1),适宜东溪小仙桃的为1/2MS(IBA 0.5 mg·L-1)。

面向科技融合的文化创意产业协同创新机制研究

针对文化创意产业与科技融合中存在的问题进行了研究,探索了在文化产业新内涵以及网络与信息化的信用保障体系下,对文化产业集群中的多领域、多单位主体以及人才之间建立起有效的信息互动共享与交流机制;依托西安交通大学文化创意产业研究中心的建设,力图搭建文化产业"产学研"与科技文化产业融合的合作桥梁,探求建立有效的文化创意协同创新服务机制和体系。

自然界中难分离培养微生物的分离和应用

采用在分离培养基中添加自然来源的抽提液,或加入一些特殊化合物,使其中处于Viable but non-culturable(VBNC)状态的微生物恢复其生长繁殖能力,从而得到分离。实验结果发现甜菜碱、丙酮酸钠、SOD以及过氧化氢酶可使分离到的微生物种类及菌落总数明显增加。还采用固液结合的方法来分离那些在普通平板培养基上不能形成肉眼可见菌落的那些微小菌落的微生物。采用这几种方法从4份土壤样品中共分离得到52株放线菌,103株细菌,17株真菌。对其中的放线菌和真菌进行了生物活性的测定,得到多株具有抗菌活性的微生物,经过多次复筛的平均阳性率为4．325％,略高于用常规方法分离得到的微生物。因此证明有效的分离方法将为今后微生物药物的筛选和药用微生物菌种的保藏提供更丰富的来源。

小球藻对养殖废水中N、P的去除研究

针对工厂化对虾养殖废水处理进行了初步研究,通过模拟试验进行小球藻N、P去除能力的探索。结果表明:被试藻类在水体中生长良好,小球藻能很好地去除水体的N、P,培养4 d后,水体中NH4-N的去除率达到80%以上、PO4-P的去除率达到85%以上;在适宜的温度、光照、pH值条件下,最适合小球藻生长的N/P值为8,小球藻的4 d增长量可以达到初始量的10倍。

WHO生存质量评估简表的等价性评价

目的评价WHO生存质量评估简表(WHOQOL-BREF)在13个国家的等价性。方法采用多组验证性因子分析方法,对世界卫生组织生存质量研究小组提供的13个国家的数据进行分析,评价WHOQOL-BREF不同国家的等价性。结果各个国家的各个领域的Cronbachα系数均大于0·7,分布在0·7至0·88之间。除了英国和挪威之外,其它国家的社会关系领域的Cronbachα系数均大于0·65。采用根据世界卫生组织生存质量研究小组研制量表时构建的四因子模型对数据分别进行拟合,拟合优度指数(CFI)均大于0·8,其中德国、西班牙和美国的拟合优度指数大于0·9。多组验证性因子分析发现模型拟合尚可,CFI等于0·88,各个国家的因子负荷不全相等,因子负荷的轮廓相似。结论WHOQOL-BREF在13个国家具有相同的因子结构,且有等价性。

PK15、Vero、BHK、CEF细胞增殖猪伪狂犬病病毒的比较

为了研究伪狂犬病病毒,从而预防该病的发生。[方法]对PK15、Vero、BHK、CEF 4种细胞增殖猪伪狂犬病病毒后细胞病变进行比较,并对4种细胞增殖的PRV分别进行毒价测定。[结果]4种细胞增殖PRV毒价分别为:PK15细胞107.15TCID50/ml;BHK细胞107.00TCID50/ml;Vero细胞106.96TCID50/ml;CEF细胞106.70TCID50/ml。[结论]PRV毒株在不同细胞上增殖CPE表现不同,毒价也存在差异。

不同有机酸对断奶仔猪肠道厌氧培养微生物菌群的影响

【目的】建立仔猪肠道微生物菌群调控的离体模型,并研究有机酸对断奶仔猪肠道微生物菌群的影响.【方法】每次试验选取2头40日龄杜×（长×大）仔猪,屠宰后取其空肠和回肠混合食糜,按照每管300μL分装于2 m L离心管,分别添加30 mmol·L^-1不同有机酸（甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、乳酸、富马酸、柠檬酸、苯甲酸、苹果酸和山梨酸）,置于厌氧工作站中,厌氧培养4 h后提取食糜中基因组DNA,应用绝对定量PCR技术测定食糜中乳杆菌属Lactobacillus、双歧杆菌属Bifidobacterium、沙门菌属Salmonella和大肠埃希菌Escherichia coli的数量变化.随后进一步选择抑菌活性较强的甲酸、乙酸、丁酸、乳酸、柠檬酸研究其抑菌活性的浓度梯度效应.【结果和结论】成功建立了体外全食糜厌氧培养体系,研究结果发现,甲酸、丁酸和柠檬酸能呈剂量依赖性地抑制细菌增殖,而乙酸对总菌数量影响不大;对益生菌而言,柠檬酸能显著抑制乳杆菌属和双歧杆菌属的增殖,但低剂量的乳酸（10 mmol·L^-1）能显著促进乳杆菌属和双歧杆菌属的增殖,且低剂量的乙酸（15 mmol·L^-1）也能促进双歧杆菌属的增殖;所选择的有机酸在浓度达到10-15 mmol·L^-1时,均能有效抑制病原菌（沙门菌和大肠埃希菌）的增殖.

我国民族地区地方课程及其政策研究

地方课程是为了保障和促进课程适应不同地区的需要,由地方根据国家课程管理政策、课程计划、课程标准和当地的政治、经济、文化、民族及学生发展需要,结合本地的优势和优良传统,充分利用本地的课程资源而自主开发并由地方管理的课程。我国在少数民族语言文字教材的开发与利用方面积累了丰富的经验,在新课程改革背景下,民族地区地方课程开发的政策、目标与内容等均有着新的内涵。

不同影响因子诱导葫芦花药愈伤组织

为研究葫芦花药愈伤组织诱导的影响因素,筛选出最适宜诱导葫芦花药愈伤组织的培养条件,以3个葫芦品种为试验材料,观察不同低温预处理、热激处理以及激素和活性炭处理对花药愈伤组织诱导率及生长的影响。结果表明,不同基因型愈伤组织诱导率差异显著;最佳预处理方法是4℃低温预处理2 d,33℃高温热激暗培养1 d;MS培养基添加2,4-D和6-BA能诱导出愈伤组织,愈伤组织按外观和质地分为6种类型,随着激素浓度增加愈伤组织诱导率递增,添加1.5 mg/L 2,4-D+2.0 mg/L 6-BA和2.0 mg/L 2,4-D+2.0 mg/L 6-BA的培养基最有利于诱导愈伤组织;MS基本培养基不能诱导愈伤组织,活性炭抑制花药诱导愈伤组织。说明,在添加了适量浓度的2,4-D和6-BA的MS培养基上能成功诱导出葫芦花药愈伤组织。