Automatic Extraction Method of 3D Feature Guidelines for Complex Cultural Relic Surfaces Based on Point Cloud

Cultural relics line graphic serves as a crucial form of traditional artifact information documentation,which is a simple and intuitive product with low cost of displaying compared with 3D models.Dimensionality reduction is undoubtedly necessary for line drawings.However,most existing methods for artifact drawing rely on the principles of orthographic projection that always cannot avoid angle occlusion and data overlapping while the surface of cultural relics is complex.Therefore,conformal mapping was introduced as a dimensionality reduction way to compensate for the limitation of orthographic projection.Based on the given criteria for assessing surface complexity,this paper proposed a three-dimensional feature guideline extraction method for complex cultural relic surfaces.A 2D and 3D combined factor that measured the importance of points on describing surface features,vertex weight,was designed.Then the selection threshold for feature guideline extraction was determined based on the differences between vertex weight and shape index distributions.The feasibility and stability were verified through experiments conducted on real cultural relic surface data.Results demonstrated the ability of the method to address the challenges associated with the automatic generation of line drawings for complex surfaces.The extraction method and the obtained results will be useful for line graphic drawing,displaying and propaganda of cultural relics.

Optimization of Rooting Medium for Tissue Culture Seedlings of Dendrobium officinale by Response Surface Methodology

[Objectives] To increase the survival rate of tissue culture seedlings of Dendrobium officinale,and optimize the conditions of rooting medium by the response surface methodology( RSM). [Methods]The effects of 6-BA concentration,NAA concentration,potato amount and the amount of mashed banana on the growth of seedlings were determined by single factor experiment and were analyzed by Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology. [Results]The optimal culture conditions: rooting medium 1/2 MS + 6-BA 0. 24 mg/L + mashed banana 87. 63 g/L + potato 89. 30 g/L + NAA 0. 52 mg/L + sucrose 20. 0 g/L + activated carbon 4. 0 g/L + agar 7. 0 g/L,p H 5. 8,and light intensity 2 000 Lx. [Conclusions]The model established by response surface methodology has a good predictability and could be used to optimize the conditions of tissue culture and rooting medium of D. officinale.

Phylogenetic diversity of culturable bacteria in surface seawater from the Drake Passage,Antarctica

The Drake Passage is located between the Antarctic Peninsula and Tierra del Fuego in the south of South America.Surface seawater samples were collected at seven sites in the Drake Passage during the austral summer of 2012.The 16 S rRNA sequences were analyzed from 187 isolated bacterial strains.Three phyla,29 genera and 56 species were identified.The three phyla were Actinobacteria,Firmicutes and Proteobacteria;the Proteobacteria included a-Proteobacteria,P-Proteobacteria and y-Proteobacteria.y-Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria and Firmicutes were the dominant class or phyla in terms of quantity and species.Gram-positive bacteria(Actinobacteria and Firmicutes) accounted for 57.8% of all types identified.There were nine dominant genera,including Curtobacterium,Staphylococcus,and Halomonas,and 14 dominant species including Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens,Curtobacterium pusillum,and Staphylococcus sciuri.Of the strains identified,87.2% were catalase positive or weakly positive.

Optimization of Culture Components for Laccase Activity from Pleurotus Ostreatus P40 Using Response Surface Methodology

High enzymatic activity is required for laccase applications.Central composite design （CCD）-based response surface methodology （RSM） can effectively increase the enzymatic activity of Pleurotus ostreatus P40 in liquid substrate fermentation.Initial screening of the nutritional components was performed using a Plackett-Burman design.The variables,namely,bran,bagasse,Tween 80,and yeast extract,were found to have statistically significant effects on laccase activity.These variables were further optimized using CCD-based RSM.Optimal concentrations for the maximum laccase activity were 8.144 2 g/L bran,50 g/L bagasse,0.424 1 mL/L Tween 80,and 2.832 5 g/L yeast extract.Under optimized conditions,the maximum measured laccase activity reached 96 480 U/L,which was close to the predicted value （104 830 U/L） by RSM.Therefore,RSM can be used to optimize culture components for laccase activity from Pieurotus ostreatus P40.

Optimization of Mycelial Biomass Production in Submerged Culture Fermentation of <i>Pleurotus flabellatus</i>Using Response Surface Methodology

The factors selected to optimize the productivity of Pleurotus flabellatus biomass in 250ml working volume Erlenmeyer flask were agitation rate, initial pH value and incubation temperature. The central composite design was applied to study the significant factors and the interactions between the chosen factors, if present. The Design Expert software generated 20 runs. The optimized conditions obtained were as follows: the agitation rate of 129.8 rpm, incubation temperature at 27.8&degC, and initial pH of 6.06. The optimized conditions tripled the productivity at the range of 980 - 1040 mg/litre/day compared to the initial rate productivity at 310 mg/litre/day. From the quadratic equation,the agitation rate, temperature and the interaction between agitation rate and temperature were found to be significant (p < 0.05). At optimum conditions, the experimental data supported the theoretical estimate.

Optimization of Three-Dimensional Culture Conditions of HepG2 Cells with Response Surface Methodology Based on the VitroGel System

Objective This study optimizes three-dimensional(3D) culture conditions of HepG2 using response surface methodology(RSM) based on the VitroGel system to facilitate the cell model in vitro for liver tissues.Method HepG2 cell was 3D cultured on the VitroGel system.Cell viability was detected using Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8) assay of HepG2 lived cell numbers.The proliferation of HepG2 cell and clustering performance was measured via fluorescence staining test.Albumin concentration in the culture medium supernatant as an index of HepG2 cell biological function was measured with ELISA kit.Independent factor tests were conducted with three key factors:inoculated cell concentration,cultured time,and dilution degree of the hydrogel.The preliminary results of independent factor tests were used to determine the levels of factors for RSM.Result The selected optimal culture conditions are as follows:concentration of inoculated cells was4.44 × 10^(5)/mL,culture time was 4.86 days,and hydrogel dilution degree was 1:2.23.The result shows that under optimal conditions,the predicted optical density(OD) value of cell viability was 3.10 and measured 2.978 with a relative error of 3.94%.Conclusion This study serves as a reference for the 3D HepG2 culture and constructs liver tissues in vitro.Additionally,it provides the foundation for repeated dose high-throughput toxicity studies and other scientific research work.

Study on Methods of Evaluating Visual Landscapes in Historic and Cultural Districts

This paper with the purpose of protecting visual landscape environment in historical and cultural districts,analyzes categories and characteristics of historical and cultural districts from the perspective of visual landscape,finally with the assessment basis of "landscape picture" proposes the classification of areas of 5 different levels,that is,the optimal viewing gallery,the secondary viewing gallery,the optimal viewing surface,the secondary viewing surface,and the common viewing surface,explores an approach of evaluating pollution indexes in historic and cultural districts by comprehensively evaluating "landscape pictures" in those areas of different levels.

Optimization of medium components using response surface methodology (RSM) for mycelium biomass and exopolysaccharide production by <i>Lentinus squarrosulus</i>

The interaction between sucrose, yeast extract and initial pH was investigated to optimize critical medium components for mycelium biomass and production of exopolysaccharide (EPS) of Lentinus squarrosulus using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). A central composite design (CCD) was applied and a polynomial regression model with quadratic term was used to analyse the experimental data using analysis of variance (ANOVA). ANOVA analysis showed that the model was very significant (p Lentinus squarrosulus are as follows: sucrose concentration 114.61 g/L, yeast extract 1.62 g/L and initial pH of 5.81;sucrose concentration 115.8 g/L, yeast extract of 3.39 g/L and initial pH of 6.44 respectively.

Standing surface acoustic wave-assisted fabrication of patterned microstructures for enhancing cell migration

Microfluidic device with patterned microstructures on the substrate surface was used to regulate cell adhesion,morphology,and functions in tissue engineering.We developed a microfluidic device which employing microscale patterned microstructures to achieve enhanced cell adhesion and migration.Biocompatible hydrogel substrates with micro-wavy and lattice-patterned microstructures were fabricated using standing surface acoustic waves and ultraviolet solidification.After seeding the L929 mouse fibroblast cells onto the patterned substrate of the microfluidic device,we determined that the viability and proliferation rate of cell migration can be greatly enhanced.Furthermore,L929 cells showed two types of gathering modes after 48 h of culturing.Cell growth was guided by the patterned substrate used in the microfluidic device and showed differences in the location distribution.Therefore,the developed microfluidic device with patterned microstructures can extend the application of in vitro cell culturing for future drug development and disease diagnosis.

Study of Neural Cell Growth on Different Microelectrode Surfaces

The paper is aimed to investigate the adhesion and growth of neural cells on different microelectrode surfaces and their possible mechanism, thereby an optimum interfacial material or substrate for neural microelectrode can be chosen. Three different materials including platinum, gold, and pyrolyzed photoresist derived carbon material, in the forms of plasma-treated and non-treated ones, were tested. Surface properties of the microelectrodes in terms of surface morphology and wettability were examined; then their biocompatibility was tested by co-culturing with SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells. Results of experiments demonstrated that, compared with platinum and gold, carbon could be a better substrate for cell adhesion and growth,especially for the plasma-treated carbon surface. The high wetting property of plasma-treated carbon accounted for the preferable adhesion of cell on its surface. Therefore, plasma-treated carbon can potentially be employed for fabrication of biocompatible and stable neural electrodes, which is beneficial for neural engineering research, such as regeneration from injury or disease therapy of neural system.

Using Surface Response Models to Evaluate the Effects of Kinetin on Dioscorea alata Propagated in Wtro

Kinetin is an important growth hormone used for in vitro propagation, but its dynamic and temporal effects on Dioscoreaalata have not been thoroughly evaluated. In this study, surface response models were developed to better elucidate the effects ofkinetin on D. alata propagated in vitro. Nodal segments were obtained from Akaaba, an important D. alata cultivar in Ghana, andpropagated in vitro under five kinetin rates （0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 μM）. The models were developed using segmented multipleregression with time and kinetin as the predictors. The effects on plant height, the number of leaves, shoots and roots were assessedwith three-dimensional figures for better observation of temporal trends. The model fit was very good with normalized root meansquared error （NRMSE） = 0.1, R-squared = 0.83 and adjusted R-squared = 0.82, averaged across the different growth parameters.Different kinetin levels elicited the maximum shoot, leaf and root formation, as well as the growth rates over time. Moderate kinetinlevels （2-4 μM） provided better growth at early culturing period. Higher kinetin levels （5-10 μM） suppressed the growth of theplantlets at early stages, but the plantlets recovered from the stress and resumed normal growth thereafter. After 4-5 weeks, thegrowth rates of the moderate kinetin levels （2-4 μM） declined much faster and were lower compared to the higher kinetin levels,except plant height and the number of roots which were still higher at the moderate kinetin level even after eight weeks of culturing.Thus, kinetin requirements vary depending on the growth parameters of interest.

Study of Cultural Negative Transfer in Cross-cultural Communication

Different nations in the world have their own cultures, and these cultures are characterized by both universality and particularity. The former provides a foundation and guarantee for intercultural communication, while the latter often leads to negative cultural transfer in communication if the speakers are unconscious of cultural differences. This paper makes a general analysis of the negative transfer of surface-structure culture in language forms and that of deep-structure culture in values, thought patterns, religious beliefs and ethics. It holds that failure in intercultural communication will occur if inadequate attention is paid to cultural differences in the process of language and culture learning.

小龙虾扰动下水稻秸秆腐解及养分释放和表面结构变化特征

为探究持续泡水条件下小龙虾参与水稻秸秆腐解过程与特征,完善稻虾模式水稻秸秆还田技术、实现秸秆资源的高效利用及农田可持续发展,采用自制尼龙网箱法,在稻虾环沟模式的养殖沟内,以不养虾为对照,模拟研究小龙虾扰动下水稻秸秆的腐解特性、养分释放特征及其表面微观结构变化特点。结果显示,无论是否有小龙虾参与,水稻秸秆各时段平均腐解率表现出快—慢—快—慢—快的特点;150d及以前,有虾处理与无虾处理各时段腐解量、累计腐解率和各时段平均腐解率差异均不显著,180d及以后各指标均表现为有虾处理显著高于无虾处理,至210d时,有虾处理水稻秸秆累计腐解率达85.67%,比无虾处理高出12.35百分点。秸秆养分累积释放率均表现为K>P>N;150 d及以后,有虾处理N累积释放率表现出高于无虾处理的趋势,180 d及以上,有虾处理P累积释放率和总养分累积释放率表现出高于无虾处理的趋势,至210 d,有虾处理K累积释放率表现出高于无虾处理的趋势。120d及以后,有虾处理的秸秆表面结构受破坏程度明显大于无虾处理。结果表明,稻虾环沟模式下,小龙虾扰动能增加中后期水稻秸秆表面微观结构的受破坏程度,促进后期水稻秸秆腐解和养分释放。

响应面法优化羊肚菌菌丝体发酵培养基及培养条件

为得到更多羊肚菌菌丝体,优化羊肚菌菌丝体发酵培养基及培养条件。采用单因素和响应面优化方法对羊肚菌菌丝体液体发酵培养基成分及培养条件进行优化研究。结果表明,通过单因素试验,最佳碳源选取蔗糖20 g/L;最佳氮源选取酵母膏25 g/L;最佳无机盐选取KH2PO42.0 g/L;最佳pH值7,温度28℃。通过响应面优化试验,在蔗糖25 g/L、酵母膏15 g/L、KH2PO42.5 g/L、温度24℃时,菌丝体干重达17.71 g/L,比原有培养基培养的菌丝体干重提升22%。研究为羊肚菌液体高效生产菌丝体,开发羊肚菌发酵类产品奠定基础。

基于MTT比色和响应面法优化侧孢短芽孢杆菌最大活菌数培养条件

目的:探索获得侧孢短芽孢杆菌(Brevibacillus laterosporus)最大活菌数的最佳培养基成分及培养条件。方法:在建立MTT比色法与平板计数法的相关回归方程基础上,对获得最大活菌数的侧孢短芽孢杆菌最适培养基成分(碳源、氮源、无机盐)和培养条件(初始pH、温度、接种量、磷酸二氢钾)进行优化。结果:MTT比色法与平板计数法对活菌数测定结果表现出显著的线性关联(R^(2)>0.999);麦芽糖、氯化钙、初始pH、磷酸二氢钾为显著影响因子,最佳发酵条件为麦芽糖8.75 g/L,氯化钙0.17 g/L,初始pH 7.07、磷酸二氢钾3.73 g/L,此条件下活菌数为8.12×10^(8)CFU/mL,与理论活菌数(8.25×10^(8)CFU/mL)无显著差异。结论:基于MTT比色和响应面法优化侧孢短芽孢杆菌最大活菌数培养条件,优化后的活菌数较优化前提高了3.02倍。

枯草芽孢杆菌HAINUP40发酵条件的优化

枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)作为一种有潜力的高效生物制品与水质改善剂,其活力提升的关键在于有效地利用这一有益细菌。因此,本研究选择具有优良对抗疾病源菌和蛋白质分解能力的有益菌枯草芽孢杆菌HAINUP40开展试验。首先,在单一变量的试验中得出影响此菌株发酵后的蛋白质酶活性、抵抗力及其存活率的主要三项关键参数,即温度、起始pH和装液体积量。然后,使用Box-Behnken响应面分析方法进一步优化这些参数,最终得出最佳的发酵环境为pH 7.5、装液体积量62.69 mL、温度37℃。这项研究的结果有助于推动这种有益菌株的工业规模培养和实际运用。

眼表稳态失衡与组织重建策略

[背景]眼表位于眼球的最外层,是一个精细且复杂的系统,包括角膜、结膜以及相关的眼睑和泪腺,在维持人类视觉功能方面起着至关重要的作用.随着眼表组织器官培养技术在眼科领域的快速发展,研究人员能够更全面地探索其在不同生理和病理状态下的复杂特性.[进展]环境污染、干燥应激等因素会对眼表组织构成威胁,导致稳态失衡和损伤.近几十年来针对环境污染对眼表组织影响的研究不断涌现,与此同时,眼表重建技术不断发展,如组织工程角膜、小分子化学药物应用,以及先进的眼表药物递送系统等.本文系统地梳理了眼表组织器官培养技术的最新进展、环境污染和干燥应激下眼表细胞的功能紊乱,以及多样化的眼表重建策略.[展望]未来持续深入研究眼表系统的稳态维持机制和疾病发生机制,探索更多有效的治疗方法和药物递送策略,将为眼科医生、研究人员及决策者提供更深入的参考和启示,推动眼表组织健康与治疗的进一步发展.

一株链霉菌的鉴定及其产格尔德霉素的发酵工艺研究

【目的】对链霉菌Streptomyce sp.FIM18-0592进行菌种鉴定,并对其胞外格尔德霉素产量进行发酵工艺优化,旨在提高产量并降低发酵成本。【方法】通过形态特征、培养特征和生理生化特性,结合16S rDNA序列分析构建系统发育树进行菌种鉴定;采用单因素试验优化培养条件及培养基配方,进一步使用最陡爬坡试验和响应面试验优化培养基配方的含量。【结果】通过对链霉菌FIM18-0592的形态特征、培养特征及生理生化特征进行初步培养观察发现,其在ISP2等培养基上生长较好,气生菌丝旺盛,产黑色素。结合16S rDNA分子鉴定,确定该菌为格尔德霉素链霉菌(Streptomyces geldanamycininus)。通过单因素试验对发酵条件以及培养基配方进行优化,得到最适宜菌株发酵的培养条件为转速140 r/min、装液量12%(体积分数)、接种量7%(体积分数)、培养时间144 h。最佳的碳源、氮源、无机盐分别为葡萄糖、黄豆饼粉和硫酸铵。采用最陡爬坡试验和响应面优化试验确定了其最优的发酵培养基为:葡萄糖10.42%、黄豆饼粉1.68%、硫酸铵0.3%、乳酸0.3%、甘油4%、硫酸镁0.1%、碳酸钙0.4%,在此条件下,格尔德霉素的发酵效价达到2887μg/mL,较原始发酵工艺效价提高了66%。【结论】链霉菌FIM18-0592为格尔德霉素链霉菌,通过对其发酵工艺进行优化显著提高格尔德霉素的产量,为格尔德霉素及其衍生物的开发和利用奠定基础。

稻蟹共生系统稻田水-土界面微生物群落结构特征

【目的】稻蟹共生是中国北方稻作区主要稻田立体生态种养模式。水-土界面是稻田系统物质循环热区。研究稻蟹共生系统水-土界面微生物群落多样性及群落结构,旨在深入了解该模式下的水土界面微生态环境演变特征,为稻蟹共生系统水体和土壤生态健康研究提供理论依据和数据支撑。【方法】在辽宁省盘锦市典型稻蟹共作区选择8个长期水稻单作系统和8个长期稻蟹共生(>20年)系统,基于稻田水土理化指标测定和16S rRNA基因高通量测序技术,比较2种水稻种植系统对稻田田面水和界面土壤(0—2cm)理化性质与细菌群落结构的影响。【结果】(1)河蟹引入减少了水土界面特有微生物群落,田面水和界面土壤特有OTUs数量分别降低27.0%和71.2%,对田面水alpha多样性无显著影响,但显著降低了界面土壤细菌群落丰富度。(2)河蟹引入显著改变了水土界面细菌群落结构组成(P<0.05),增加了田面水变形菌门(Proteobacteria)(30.4%)的相对丰度,降低了酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)(39.9%)相对丰度;同时增加了界面土壤球菌门(Planctomycetes)(21.1%)的相对丰度,降低了绿菌门(Ignavibacteriae)(15.1%)与硝化螺旋菌门(Nitrospirae)(21.7%)的相对丰度。(3)Proteobacteria和Bacteroidetes既是2种稻田系统水土界面的核心物种,又是共现网络的关键物种,在稳定微生态网络方面发挥着重要作用。(4)河蟹引入降低了田面水细菌共现网络复杂度和稳定性,但增强了稻田界面土壤细菌共现网络复杂度和稳定性。(5)线性回归分析表明,田面水NO3--N浓度和界面土壤pH分别是影响田面水和界面土壤细菌群落结构多样性和稳定性的主要驱动因素。【结论】河蟹引入显著改变了稻田水土界面微生物群落结构和多样性,田面水中营养盐的增加有减弱水体微生物群落稳定性的风险,但稻蟹共生塑造了更加稳定的界面土壤细菌群落,有助于界面土壤的养分物质循环,提高作物养分利用效率。