Multiple-SO3H functioned ionic liquid as efficient curing agent for phthalonitrile-terminated poly(phthalazinone ether nitrile)

Combined with the advantages of low melting point,high thermal stability and strong acidity,a multipleSO_3H functioned ionic liquid（MIL） was developed successfully as a curing agent to promote the curing reaction of phthalonitrile-terminated poly（phthalazinone ether nitrile）（PPEN-Ph）.The curing kinetics over differential scanning calorimetry（DSC） showed that both the initial curing temperature Tp0＇ and apparent activation energy Ea＇（based on Kissinger equation） were reduced significantly over MIL（207.9℃ and 101.5 kJ/mol） compared to the common curing agent ZnCl_2（268.5℃ and 201.5 kJ/mol）.Moreover,under identical curing conditions,the resulting thermosetting resin over former（Td5%=526.1℃） showed better thermal stability than that over latter（Td5%=512.1 ℃）.These results indicated that MIL should be a good candidate as a curing agent for phthalonitrile resins.

Prevention and Treatment Test of Piglet Diarrhea

[Objective] The paper was to observe the clinical effects of compound Chinese traditional preparation Shenwudi oral liquid on prevention and treatment of piglet diarrhea, and to explore the diarrhea prevention and growth promotion effect of Shenwudi power on weaned piglets as the medical feed additive. [Method] Diarrhea piglets were randomly grouped, and the clinical prevention and treatment effects of Shenwudi oral liquid were observed. Meantime, the effects of Huangzhi oral liquid and levofloxacin mesylate and sodium chloride injection were determined and compared with that of Shenwudi oral liquid. Shenwudi powder was added into the specific feed of weaned piglets at the dose of 5 g/kg, to observe its diarrhea prevention and growth promotion effect on weaned piglets. Compound amoxicillin powder was added in drug control group at the dose of 0.3 g/kg; no drug was added in blank control group. [Result] The cure rate of sucking piglets by Shenwudi oral liquid was 88.57%, and its protection rate was 100%; the cure rate of weaned piglets by Shenwudi oral liquid was 90.00%, and the total effective rate was 95.00%; the protection rate of weaned piglet diarrhea by Shenwudi powder mixing feed was 100%, and the average daily feed intake on the 42^（nd） day was extremely higher than the blank control group（P〈0.01）. [Conclusion] Shenwudi oral liquid can be used for prevention and treatment of sucking piglet diarrhea.Meantime, Shenwudi mixing feed has good prevention effect and significant growth promotion effect on weaned piglet diarrhea.