Fault Estimation for a Class of Markov Jump Piecewise-Affine Systems: Current Feedback Based Iterative Learning Approach

In this paper, the issues of stochastic stability analysis and fault estimation are investigated for a class of continuoustime Markov jump piecewise-affine(PWA) systems against actuator and sensor faults. Firstly, a novel mode-dependent PWA iterative learning observer with current feedback is designed to estimate the system states and faults, simultaneously, which contains both the previous iteration information and the current feedback mechanism. The auxiliary feedback channel optimizes the response speed of the observer, therefore the estimation error would converge to zero rapidly. Then, sufficient conditions for stochastic stability with guaranteed performance are demonstrated for the estimation error system, and the equivalence relations between the system information and the estimated information can be established via iterative accumulating representation.Finally, two illustrative examples containing a class of tunnel diode circuit systems are presented to fully demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed iterative learning observer with current feedback.

Instantaneous Current Feedback Control Strategy on Buck Mode Inverter

Buck型逆变器的电感电流瞬时值反馈控制和电容电流瞬时值反馈控制存在本质区别。以差动正激直流斩波器型高频环节逆变器为例，采用理论推导方法，研究这两种电流控制逆变器的稳定性、输出外特性、短路能力、输出功率特性、带非线性负载能力及动态响应特性。研究结果表明，电感电流瞬时值反馈控制逆变器具有电感电流和输出功率受限、较强的过载和短路能力、较软的输出外特性、较弱的带非线性负载能力、较差的动态响应等特点；而电容电流瞬时值反馈控制逆变器具有电感电流和输出功率不受限、较弱的过载能力、无短路能力、硬的输出外特性、较强的带非线性负载能力、较好的动态响应等特点。研究成果为Buck型逆变器电流型控制策略的选择及其设计提供重要的理论依据。

Voltage/Current-Mode Multifunction Filters Using One Current Feedback Amplifier and Grounded Capacitors

One configuration for realizing voltage-mode multifunction filters and another configuration for realizing current-mode multifunction filters using current feedback amplifiers (CFAs) are presented. The proposed voltage-mode circuit exhibit simultaneously lowpass and bandpass filters. The proposed current-mode circuit exhibit simultaneously lowpass, bandpass and highpass filters. The proposed circuits offer the following features: no requirements for component matching conditions;low active and passive sensitivities;employing only grounded capacitors and the ability to obtain multifunction filters from the same circuit configuration.

Inductor Current Sampled Feedback Control of Chaos in Current-Mode Boost Converter

A chaos control strategy for chaotic current-mode boost converter is presented by using inductor current sampled feedback control technique.The quantitative analysis of control mechanism is performed by establishing a discrete alterative map of the controlled system.The stability criterion,feedback gain,and corresponding critical duty ratio are obtained from the eigenvalue of the map.The simulation results verify the t heoretical analysis results of the control strategy.

A Grounded Capacitor Differentiator Using Current Feedback Amplifier

A new non-inverting RC active differentiator network base on a current feedback amplifier and using a grounded capacitor is described. Small time constant can be achieved by adjusting a single grounded resistor. Because the output impedance of the CFA is very low, the output terminal of the proposed circuit can be directly connected to the next stage. Experimental results that confirm theoretical analysis are presented.

Two Simple Analog Multiplier Based Linear VCOs Using a Single Current Feedback Op-Amp

Two simple voltage-controlled-oscillators (VCO) with linear tuning laws employing only a single current feedback operational amplifier (CFOA) in conjunction with two analog multipliers (AM) have been highlighted. The workability of the presented VCOs has been demonstrated by experimental results based upon AD844 type CFOAs and AD534 type AMs.

Feedback Control of Plasma Current and Horizontal Position in HT-7

There is a strong magnetic coupling between poloidal field coils of superconducting tokamak HT-7, especially between ohinic heating and vertical field coils. These coils are connected to individual power supply. The control system for the plasma current and horizontal position control has been designed and showed satisfactory results with the feedback control of multivari- able feedforward-decoupling and var-parameter PID controller to simultaneously modulate power supplies. The design and analysls of the control system is presented.

Development of Surface Grating Distributed Feedback Quantum Cascade Laser for High Output Power and Low Threshold Current Density

We report on the room-temperature cascade laser （QCL） at λ -4.7μm. cw operation of a surface grating Both grating design and material distributed feedback （DFB） quantum optimization are used to decrease the threshold current density and to increase the output power. For a high-reflectivity-coated 13-μm-wide and 4- mm-long laser, high wall-plug efficiency of 6% is obtained at 20℃ from a single facet producing over I W of ew output power. The threshold current density of DFB QCL is as low as 1.13kA/cm^2 at 10℃ and 1.34kA/cm2 at 30℃ in cw mode. Stable single-mode emission with a side-mode suppression ratio of about 30 dB is observed in tile working temperature range of 20-50℃.

Upgrading Tests Using PSIM Tool of MPPT-PV Feedback-Current Controller

This paper presents improvement tests based in a feedback-current controller designed to Tracking Maximum Power Point in photovoltaic system (MPPT-PV). Previously, a version was developed exhibiting results satisfactory in simulation and through of a low cost prototype. Now, using a sophisticated physical model of solar cell available in PSIM program is shown other cases, considering variations both irradiation and temperature to evaluate successfully the controller. The results show that its system is suitable under dynamical changing atmospheric conditions operating with effectiveness acceptable.

某型地面发控点火电流异常分析和电路改进

针对某型地面发控系统在使用过程中出现的点火电流异常问题,采用数学方法研究点火电流与元器件参数的变化规律,发现地面发控点火电流在某些环境下不稳定的根本原因。最后提出一种闭环控制方案,增加电流反馈环节,解决点火电流异常问题。实际应用验证表明,改进后的点火电路能适应更大的点火负载,有效提高了点火的可靠性。

VSC输出电流反馈型虚拟同步控制技术

基于输出功率反馈的虚拟同步机(VSG)技术在网侧故障时,难以保持电压源暂态特性并实现精准暂态冲击电流限制,同时极易出现暂态同步失稳问题。为解决上述问题,提出一种基于电压源型变流器(VSC)输出电流反馈型VSG技术。外环控制直接采用VSC输出电流作为反馈控制量,不仅能实现构网和电压/频率主动支撑功能,还能保证在故障状态下外环控制具备稳定平衡点,降低暂态同步失稳风险,同时还能实现稳态下的电流限幅控制。电压内环采用基于相量分析的虚拟阻抗自适应选取方法,依赖就地量测信息进行虚拟阻抗快速自适应调整,以抑制故障瞬间暂态冲击电流。在PSCAD/EMTDC中搭建详细电磁暂态仿真模型,并构建相应的物理验证平台,仿真和实验结果表明,所提方法可以较好地抑制故障瞬间暂态冲击电流。

红外探测器中一种电容式反馈跨阻放大器的设计

放大器电路对提高红外成像技术中红外探测器的读出精度,是至关重要的。针对电容式反馈跨阻放大器的设计进行了研究,提出了一种在反馈回路中用晶体管代替反馈电阻的新的拓扑结构。对于所提出的拓扑结构,提出并分析了与系统稳定性相关的诸如截止频率和衰减比等的总体频率响应和设计参数,从而获得高直流输入动态范围。此外,还讨论了在直流反馈回路中加入额外的电容以确保系统的稳定性。分析、仿真和实验结果的良好一致性验证了所提出的CF-TIA方案的有效性,而且所提出的电路设计在正常或低直流输入下的整体噪声性能方面相比于传统的CF-TIA方案更具优势。尽管本文中的电路采用分立元件实现,但提出的频率响应模型和稳定性分析适用于所有CF-TIA应用和CMOS芯片设计。

基于SABO算法的PMSM弱磁和MTPA控制方法

永磁同步电机因其结构紧凑、噪声较少、功耗较少、运行速度快、操作稳定,已被普遍采用。针对永磁同步电机弱磁控制过程中,转速环参数选取采用传统PI(proportional-integral)控制方法,依靠经验整定参数,外界抗干扰能力较差、难以保证在各运行区间具有优良性能等问题,提出了一种基于减法平均优化算法的永磁同步电机的弱磁和MTPA(maximum torque per ampere)控制的宽运行范围方法。将智能寻优算法、MTPA控制、弱磁控制三者相结合,利用减法平均优化算法优化PI控制器的参数,提高了系统的响应性能和抗干扰能力;工作电压未超过电压极限圆使用MTPA控制策略运行;工作电压超过电压极限圆利用电压闭环反馈,进行弱磁控制。使用MATLAB/Simulink构建的永磁同步电机弱磁控制仿真模拟,通过PI控制器和减法平均优化算法优化后的PI控制器性能对比,从仿真结果得到控制器方法的有效性。实验有效证明了该控制方法能够解决各种运行工况下控制器参数的优化整定问题,提高电机控制精度。

压电陶瓷调制激光回馈外腔的实验和分析

为了研究微片激光器的光回馈效应的调制方式对激光器光灵敏度的影响,采用不同调制电压、频率驱动压电陶瓷(PZT)来调谐微片激光器外腔的方法,观察光回馈条纹幅值和灵敏度的变化情况,并结合复合腔等效模型进行了数值仿真和分析。结果表明,增大PZT调制频率,使其越靠近激光器的弛豫振荡频率,光放大效果越明显,输出幅值和PZT调制频率具有相同变化趋势;PZT调制频率不变,将140 mA抽运电流调小至出光阈值电流约100 mA,弛豫振荡峰值会逐渐靠近PZT移频调制量,能主动放大回馈光,增益可高达105;光灵敏度与PZT移频量相对弛豫振荡峰值的距离有关,两者越接近,光灵敏度则越强;经PZT调制的激光回馈系统相对声光调制,有降低成本、易于调节的优势。该研究为联动调节抽运电流和PZT调制量获得幅值合适、噪声小的光回馈条纹提供了参考。

弱电网下LCL型并网逆变器高鲁棒性并网电流反馈有源阻尼策略

并网电流反馈有源阻尼(grid-current-feedback-active-damping,GCFAD)策略可以在不增加额外传感器的前提下,有效抑制LCL型并网逆变器的谐振尖峰。在电网电压畸变的工况下,GCFAD策略往往与电网电压前馈策略同时使用以改善并网电流质量。然而,通过研究发现,传统GCFAD策略等效虚拟阻抗在中低频段的正阻特性会导致并网逆变器输出阻抗在中频段产生一定的相位滞后,从而降低了系统在电网电压畸变且附加电网电压前馈策略的情况下,对电网阻抗变化的鲁棒性。为了解决这一问题,提出了一种高鲁棒性并网电流反馈有源阻尼(high robustness grid-current-feedback-active-damping,HR-GCFAD)策略,使虚拟阻抗在高频处呈现正阻特性以抑制LCL谐振尖峰,增强了系统的稳定性;在中低频段呈现负阻特性以提高系统中频段输出阻抗相位,进而提高了系统在附加电网电压前馈策略时对电网阻抗变化的鲁棒性。理论分析和实验结果充分验证了所提策略的有效性。

永磁同步电机扩展卡尔曼滤波器电流观测方法

为提高前置电感电容LC滤波器永磁同步电机系统性能,提出一种基于扩展卡尔曼滤波器(extended Kalman filter,EKF)的电机电流观测控制方法。该方法采集逆变器侧电流,通过新型EKF观测器获得实际电机电流,并将估计的电机电流用于电流环反馈控制。论文给出了新型EKF电流观测器的结构和参数设计过程,并利用Lyapunov稳定性定理证明了该方法的稳定性。仿真结果表明,与传统Luenberger观测器相比,新型EKF观测方法的电流估计误差更小,电机电流跟踪性能更好,电磁转矩脉动及其谐波明显降低。

一种带有尾电流源反馈的FBAR振荡器

为改善振荡器相位噪声性能,设计了一种带有尾电流源反馈的薄膜体声波谐振器(FBAR)振荡器。研究表明,尾电流源晶体管闪烁噪声和谐振回路是振荡器相位噪声的主要来源。为了降低尾电流源晶体管闪烁噪声对振荡器相位噪声的影响,采用两组对称分离且工作在亚阈值区域的P型金属氧化物半导体(PMOS)偏置电流源进行尾电流反馈。与传统单个尾电流源相比,该技术具有更好的相位噪声性能。同时,基于对Hajimiri噪声模型的分析,利用尾电流源反馈技术,控制振荡器在振幅达到峰值及零穿越点时的电流大小,以进一步改善相位噪声性能。高Q值谐振器可以显著提高振荡器的整体相位噪声性能,因此,设计采用高Q值微机电系统(MEMS)器件FBAR作为谐振腔,并通过TSMC 180 nm RF CMOS工艺完成电路设计。结果表明:该振荡器输出频率为1.93 GHz,整体电路功耗为580μW,在1 kHz偏频处相位噪声为-89.7 dBc/Hz,计算得到灵敏值(Factor Of Merit,FOM)为217 dB。

图腾柱功率因数校正器的二自由度控制分析

TPFC一般采用一自由度输出电压控制,在负载变化时输出电压动态特性较差,且启动过程存在明显超调。本文在推导TPFC双闭环控制结构基础上,引用了负载电流前馈控制和输出电压反馈补偿控制,构成两种二自由度(2DOF)控制结构。仿真分析表明,负载电流前馈型2DOF控制可以有效抑制负载变化引起的输出电压波动,但启动过程超调明显;输出电压反馈补偿型2DOF控制可以实现输出电压无超调启动,但是抑制负载变化的能力较差;综合负载电流前馈型和输出电压反馈补偿型的2DOF控制获得满意的输出电压控制效果,表现为启动过程无超调和变载过程无波动。

混合级联直流输电系统整流/逆变不同控制回路动态交互作用与稳定性研究

为了研究混合级联直流输电系统整流侧和逆变侧各换流器控制系统间的交互作用,文中首先建立混合级联直流输电系统的状态空间模型,并推导得到系统的多输入多输出传递函数模型。然后针对不同的研究目标,根据单通道分析设计理论建立等效单输入单输出反馈控制模型;在此基础上,分离出不同控制回路的耦合控制通道,定量评估系统强度、逆变侧交流联络线与控制参数等对控制回路间交互作用的影响。理论分析表明,当整流侧或逆变侧交流系统强度降低时,两侧控制回路间交互作用增强;当交流联络线长度缩短时,逆变侧电网换相换流器(line commutated converter,LCC)和模块化多电平变换器(multilevel modular converter,MMC)控制回路间的动态交互增强,各控制环节参数之间存在相互制约关系。最后,在PSCAD/EMTDC上搭建混合级联直流输电系统的电磁暂态详细仿真模型,验证所建立单输入单输出反馈控制模型及上述理论分析结果的正确性。

一种车规级LED驱动芯片的电流检测电路

为了使车规级LED驱动芯片满足ISO 26262功能安全要求,设计一种高精度LED电流检测电路。在传统LED恒流驱动输出电流检测电路的基础上,在电流复制模块加入负反馈环路,实现了对检测电流的精确复制,避免传统电流检测电路的采样误差,提升了电流检测的准确度。同时新电路采用采样管和功率管串联结构,减小电流漏检测的情况发生,扩大了有效检测的覆盖率。该LED电流检测电路采用SMIC 0.18μm CMOS工艺进行设计,测试结果表明,在5 mA~60 mA的LED电流范围内,检测精度可达±1%。