THE PROGRESS OF PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND ITS CURRENT RESEARCH STATUS IN CHINA

It is of strategical significance to exploit new medicines with Chinese features and with their patented rights phytechemistry will have great prospects in this aspect. This article briefly introduces the main research fields on phytochemistry and their significance, the present research situation in China, and suggests some concrete proposals on the development of the discipline in China.

Preface: Current research progress on mechanics of high speed rail

The construction and operation of high-speed rail（HSR）grid within the past two decades in China,in terms of the scale,may be possibly comparable to any national-wide construction in the history of China,even the Great Wall.By counting railways with commercial train service at the speed of200 km/h,China has the world’s longest HSR network with over 19 369.8 km of track in service today and this number

Soliciting Contributions to a Special Issue of "Current Research on Atmospheric Aerosols and Trace Gases over the Polar Regions" in Advances in Polar Science

Dear Colleagues, We would like to invite you to submit manuscripts to a special issue entitled ＂Current Research on Atmospheric Aerosols and Trace Gases over the Polar Regions＂ of the Journal Advances in Polar Science （APS）. APS is an international, peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China （PRIC） and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration （CAA）. It is a quarterly journal published in March, June, September and December by Science Press of China and circulated internationally （ISSN 1674-9928, CN 31-2050/P）. Articles published in APS are free of charge with generous funding from PRIC. For more details, please visit the APS＇s websites. Thank you in advance for your consideration to submit manuscripts to this special issue, and we encourage you to share this announcement broadly with interested colleagues.

Current Research Situations,Problems and Recommendations of Land Use Structure and Layout Optimization

Land is the foundation for human survival and development,and all human social and economic activities are inseparable from the land as a space carrier.With the continuous development of China's social economy,China is facing new social development needs such as urban-rural integration and rural revitalization.At the same time,China starts to attach great importance to ecology and has proposed the concept that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets.In this situation,the rational use of land resources,the optimization of land use structure and layout are also facing new challenges and problems,and more comprehensive consideration is required to make relevant optimization.Using the method of literature comparative analysis,from the conceptual connotation,basic theory,method model,and specific practice of land use structure and layout optimization,this paper analyzed and summarized the current research situations and problems,and finally came up with recommendations for the future research.

Current Research Situation and Development Countermeasures for Digital Orchards

With the rapid development of modern information technology, digital technology has gradually penetrated into all fields and links of the agricultural industry. Digital orchard reflects the comprehensive application of digital technology in orchard management. This study surveys and analyzes the current development of digital orchard, clarifies the development status and existing problems, and comes up with reasonable recommendations, to provide a certain reference and guidance for the construction of digital orchard in Zibo City of Shandong Province.

Vertebral fracture assessment:Current research status and application in patients with kyphoplasty

Imaging of the spine is of paramount importance for the recognition of osteoporotic vertebral fractures(VFs), and standard radiography(SR) of the spine is the suggested diagnostic method but is not routinely used because of the cost and radiation exposure considerations. VF assessment(VFA) is an efficient, low radiation method for identifying VFs at the time of bone mineral density(BMD) measurement. Prediction models used to indicate the need for VFA may have little predictive power in subspecialty referral populations such as rheumatologic patients or patients who underwent kyphoplasty. Rheumatologic patients are frequently at increased risk for VFs, and VFA should be performed on an individual basis, also taking in account the guidelines for the general population. Kyphoplasty is a new minimal invasive procedure for the treatment of VFs and is being performed with increasing frequency. Following kyphoplasty, there may be a risk of new VFs in adjacent vertebrae. The assessment and follow-up of patients who underwent kyphoplasty requires repetitive X-ray imaging with the known limitations of SR. Thus, VFA may facilitate the evaluation of VFs in these patients because most of the kyphoplasty patients would fulfill the criteria. In a pilot study, we measured the BMD and performed VFA in 28 patients treated with kyphoplasty. Ratios of anterior to posterior(A/P) and middle to posterior(M/P) height were measured, and Genant's method was used to classify vertebrae accordingly. Intraobserver and interobserver reliability for A/P, M/P and the Genant's method were determined. Only 1 patient did not meet the criteria for VFA. Of the 364 available vertebrae, 295 could be analyzed. Most missing data(concerning 69 vertebrae) occurred in the upper thoracic region. Three of the 69 non-eligible vertebrae were lumbar vertebrae with cement leakage from the kyphoplasty procedure. In our hands, VFA was highly reproducible, demonstrating very good agreement in terms of intraobserver and interobserver reliability. Agreement was very good onthe vertebral level, "vertebrae with kyphoplasty" level and "2 above and 1 below the kyphoplasty vertebrae"level. The application of Genant's method to these patients also resulted in perfect agreement. We believe that the potential value of VFA in patients treated with kyphoplasty requires further evaluation, particularly comparing VFA with SR and performing a longitudinal follow-up. More research will help to adopt care processes that determine which patients require VFA and how often VFA should be performed, while also considering the impact of this technique on the cost of healthcare organizations.

Current research status and research hotspots in Chinese geriatric medicine: Data retrieved from the Chinese Journal of Geriatrics

Objective: To investigate the research hotspots and development trends of Chinese geriatric medicine by analyzing the high-frequency keywords, core authors, research institutions and their collaborations in papers published in the Chinese Journal of Geriatrics.Methods: Bibliometric methods and information visualization software(CiteSpace Ⅲ) were used to analyze the following 3 aspects: keywords, institutions and authors.Results: Overall, the number of papers published in the Chinese Journal of Geriatrics grew between 1994 and 2015. The top 3 institutions with the greatest numbers of published papers were Beijing Hospital,People's Liberation Army General Hospital and the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University.The authors with high productivity were Pulin Yu, Jianye Wang and Xiaoying Li. The terms "Diabetes","hypertension" and "myocardial infarction" were hotspot words that drew sustained attention in this field.Conclusions: Research on geriatric medicine is growing steadily in China. Hospitals and teaching hospitals are major contributors to publications. The collaboration of authors is more common within the same institutions or in the same regions. Clinical research is still the focus of current research. In the future, basic research should be strengthened, and collaborations between different institutions and regions should be promoted to achieve coordinated and integrated development in Chinese geriatric medicine.

Current Status of Forest Medicine Research in China

In recent years,due to regional pollution and deteriorating environment,combined with intense social competition and heavier life pressure,an increasing number of people are affected by lifestyle-related diseases and remain in a state of being sub-healthy.Therefore,health issue has been receiving unprecedented attention.

Experimental Research on Lower Hybrid Current Drive in Superconducting Tokamak HT-7

?Fundamental experiments on lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) have been undertaken on HT-7 superconducting tokamak. The experiments on LHCD efficiency reveal its depen- deuce on plasma density and the toroidal magnetic field. Furthermore, the experiments on HT-7 successfully demonstrate the ability for LHCD to sustain long pulse tokamak discharges, such as discharges with full non-inductive current drive for several seconds. The experimental study to improve plasma confinements by LHCD suggests that the improvement should be due to the change o f current profile. It has also been demonstrated by the experiments that the lower hybrid wave may lead to an enhanced ionization of particles in the region where the wave is deposited.

Current AQP research:therapeutic approaches to ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke

The role of aquaporins（AQPs）in the formation of cerebral edema after stroke：Stroke can be classified into either ischemic or hemorrhagic based on their etiological mechanism.Cerebral edema development often accompanies both ischemic infarct and intracerebral hemorrhage（ICH）.Cerebral edema is differentiated according to their underlying mechanism and time course：cytotoxic and vasogenic.

Current Status of Material Research and Development in CISRI

The full name of CISRI is Central Iron&Steel Research Institute under the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry in China.It is the largest institute of metallurgical process research in China(the word"large"here refers to various fields,large personnel and many research projects).It includes ironmaking,steel-making,cold and hot processing of steel,metallic product,ferroalloy,refractory,automatic metallurgy control,design

Current status and technology development tendency of research reactors in China

The current status and development history of domestic and abroad research reactors (RRs) are mentioned.The representative RRs and their respective technology characteristics are introduced.The utilizations of China's RRs,mainly included as nuclear engineering technology,basic research applications of nuclear technology,teaching and personnel training,are explained.

Current Status and Prospect of Process Research in CISRI

The Central Iron and Steel Research Institute(CISRI),directly under the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry(MMI),is a comprehensive research institute mainly engaged in the research and development of new metallic materials and new iron and steel process.With the rapid development of China’s iron and steel industry,CISRI has also made a great progress since it was established more than 40 years ago.In 1994,the steel output of

Current Situations of Competitive Scientific Research Projects for Agri-scientific Research Institutions: A Case Study of Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences

This paper collected and arranged competitive scientific research projects undertaken by Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences in 2003-2014. Through statistical analysis on quantity of projects,funded amount,age of person responsible,professional title of person responsible,academic degree of person responsible,research object,it discussed relevant characteristics and rules. Finally,it came up with pertinent measures and recommendations,in the hope of providing services for decision-making and scientific and technological management.

珊瑚礁生态学研究现状和展望

珊瑚礁生态系统是海洋生态系统的重要组成部分,在维持海洋生态平衡和生物多样性上扮演着重要角色。本文通过文献检索手段,归纳了当前国际和国内珊瑚礁生态学领域的发展现状。国际上关注的主要方面包括全球变化与珊瑚礁生态系统、珊瑚共生关系的建立与维持、珊瑚礁生物系统发育与进化、珊瑚礁生物多样性及其物种分布格局、珊瑚礁生态系统保护与管理等;国内关注的主要方面包括全球变化与珊瑚礁生态系统、全球变化背景下的珊瑚–虫黄藻共生体、珊瑚共生关系多样性、人类活动与南海珊瑚礁生态系统、珊瑚礁生物多样性及其群落格局等。珊瑚礁生态学研究的未来发展趋势将更加注重全球变化背景下的珊瑚与珊瑚礁生态系统、珊瑚共生机制、边缘珊瑚礁以及珊瑚礁保护与修复。未来我国珊瑚礁生态学研究需提升全球视野,加强国内与国际合作,深入机制挖掘,完善系统研究,增强珊瑚礁保护与修复研究。

数字平台生态系统的类别划分:研究现状探析与未来展望

基于结构观和过程观的视角,总结了数字平台生态系统类别划分的现有研究。结构观强调按照构成数字平台生态系统的稳定元素和存在单元对其进行类别划分,包括数字平台生态系统的活动单元、行为主体、连接结构和位置层次等。过程观强调按照数字平台生态系统中各组成主体、活动单元与结构元素的相互作用、发展和演化过程对其进行类别划分,包括数字平台生态系统的涌现过程、协作与治理过程、价值创造与分配过程等。以此为基础,依据一元观,从数字平台生态系统的服务对象类型、参与者范围和核心功能等方面出发,构建了数字平台生态系统的一维分类标准。随后,通过整合结构观和过程观,基于数字平台生态系统中层级结构和市场结构以及交易过程和创新过程的两两组合,总结出数字平台生态系统的分类矩阵,阐明审查交易型、主导创新型、自由交易型、开放创新型等4类数字平台生态系统在关系结构、活动过程、适用情境和发展挑战等方面的显著差异化特征。最后,提出针对数字平台生态系统的未来研究展望,以期为数字平台生态系统的管理实践提供指导。

肾结石防治的现状与前景

目的:总结近几年肾结石防治的最新成果,并基于前人经验和本团队的实践,展望肾结石防治的前景和发展方向,为肾结石防治研究提供全新的理念。方法:检索了PubMed、中国知网、万方数据库中近5年发表的有关肾结石防治相关的文献,共纳入高质量的论文包括40篇临床研究和20篇基础研究。结合这些研究和本团队的经验及思考,对近5年来肾结石防治研究现状和前景进行讨论。结果:近几年肾结石防治研究取得了丰硕成果,其临床研究主要集中在术前肾结石成分分析、肾结石碎石术式及设备、结石药物治疗等方面;基础研究则集中在晶体介导的肾小管上皮细胞损伤、免疫细胞调控、代谢调控机制以及基础研究实验模型等方面;首次提出“极致软镜技术”的概念。结论:近5年来肾结石防治成果卓越且具有广阔的前景。展望未来,手术治疗肾结石有望通过“极致软镜技术”实现对肾结石患者最高的清石率、最小的并发症、最少的康复时间和全程舒适无痛化的诊疗目标;肾结石的病因学研究有望在结石晶体结构、肾小管上皮细胞损伤后的修复机制、新型肾结石实验模型的建立等方面另辟蹊径,以突破现今肾结石基础研究成果转化的瓶颈。

湖北省萝卜生产、科研现状及发展方向

萝卜是我国重要的蔬菜作物之一,而湖北省是种植面积最大的省份。萝卜产业的发展对广大农村地区实现脱贫致富、乡村振兴起到了重要的作用。对湖北省萝卜的生产种植、相关科研单位的研究现状等方面进行了回顾,并对萝卜未来发展方向进行了展望。

某院青年人才队伍职业发展现状分析与对策研究

目的全面了解医院青年人才队伍现状和青年人才职业发展需求,进一步加强青年人才队伍建设。方法以问卷调查方式对201名青年人才进行全面调研,明确医院在青年人才队伍培养中存在的问题以及青年人才职业发展困惑和需求。结果医院在青年人才队伍培养方面存在培养体系不健全、高层次青年人才总量不足、培养方式不够多元化等3个问题。结论医院将从加强政治引领和政策宣传、优化分层分类培养机制、搭建多元化成长平台、加强人文关怀等4个方面加强青年人才队伍建设。