On the Cognition of Second Language Mental Lexicon and Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language

Teaching Chinese as a foreign language is actually the teaching of Chinese as a second language by international Chinese teachers.People must learn vocabulary as a language element in the process of language acquisition.Without vocabulary,there is no language.When we master the vocabulary of a language,we rely on mental lexicon,which is vocabulary that has been stored in the brain for a long time.Through the study of second language mental lexicon,it can be used effectively,and corresponding teaching methods can be used in the vocabulary teaching of Chinese as a foreign language to help students learn Chinese quickly and effectively.

A Study on the Compilation of Dictionaries for Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language Based on the Second Language Acquisition Theory

This article intends to demonstrate the principles for dictionary compilation.To summarize,general rules are to be followed.At the same time,this article probes into the differences of Chinese to Chinese dictionary,Chinese to foreign language dictionary,dictionaries for the preparation of certain exams,learner’s dictionaries for reviewing errors,dictionaries with multimedia and dictionaries built via the Internet..In all,one of the key factors for dictionary compilation is the professionalism of editors and writers.The training of the people involved is vital,which would contribute to setting up a better order of the market.Acknowledgements should also be given to achievements in dictionary compilation.Revisions and polishing are required to improve the dictionaries on the market that have already won the acclaim so as to put their influence to the best display.

Applying Nearpod to the Teaching Chinese as a Second Language Class to Enhance Interactions and Collaborations in the Secondary Schools

The quick spread of the epidemic since 2019 together with fast advancing of technology has exposed teachers to online education,including Teaching Chinese as a Second Language(TCSL)classrooms.Some Chinese as a Second Language(CSL)teachers were reluctant to utilize technology tools in their teaching due to the lack of technological knowledge.Thus,this study designed a CSL curriculum with the lens of the TPACK framework(Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge).Nearpod was specifically adopted as a web-based technology tool to support the teaching Chinese language due to its powerful functions provided.Nearpod allows teachers to design interactive activities in multiple ways to facilitate interactions and collaboration in the CSL learning process.This paper aimed to help Chinese teachers improve their understanding of how to effectively integrate technology into CSL teaching.Chinese teachers will develop a deeper comprehension of distance teaching from the perspectives of technology,pedagogy,and content knowledge,enhance students’deeper learning,and promote interaction and collaboration in L2 class.The effective use of the technology can develop language skills in a meaningful context knowledge with the guidance of pedagogical content knowledge.

Research on the Application of Chinese-Style Songs in the Field of Chinese Second Language Teaching

In recent years,traditional Chinese culture has been continuously revived,integrated into the times and entered people’s daily lives.Chinese-style songs,as a combination of traditional cultural connotations and emerging song forms,have gradually emerged on the music stage in China and even around the world.In the field of teaching Chinese as a second language,the research on teaching Chinese songs has received increasing attention.This article combines the theory of the association between music and language to summarize the research results of Chinese-style songs and their application in the field of teaching Chinese as a second language in the past 30 years.The current research problems are discussed,and suggestions are proposed in order to provide some reference value for teaching Chinese as a second language.

A Study of Vocabulary Teaching in Junior Comprehensive TCSL Courses

Vocabulary teaching is an integral part of teaching Chinese as a second language(TCSL).Based on a collection and analysis of words that foreign students at the junior level usually get wrong,①this paper suggests that TCSL teachers should make sure that new words in textbooks are explained accurately and foresee the words that students may misunderstand during vocabulary teaching.In addition to conceptual meanings,they should analyze and explain affiliated meanings,grammatical functions,and common collocations with other words through typical sentence examples.They should also pay attention to the potential role played by the semantic transparency of words in understanding,acquiring,and selecting the meanings of such words.The teaching of separable words should focus on their pragmatic forms.Simple conversations can be made to strengthen students’memorization,while quantifiers can be taught via their etymology to help students develop a reasonable understanding of the collocation rules between quantifiers and corresponding nouns.

Producing Podcasts in a Chinese Classroom: A Digital Humanities Project

This action research which situates itself in the context of Digital Humanities focuses on engaging students of Introductory Chinese course with an assignment to create podcasts in the form of an interview.Requiring students to integrate the aural,oral,and textural information via technology so as to carry a conversation with an interlocutor challenges them to convey their thoughts from the language they think in into meaningful ideas using the target language.In this way,students are“pushed”to convert their listening,speaking,and writing from being isolated components into a more dynamic and cohesive mode of communicating.As they explore expressing their ideas in the language they are learning,they develop the skills and sensibility needed to critically analyze their own work.Although limited in scale,the podcast format urges students to transform what they need to learn into a familiar product.

关于Krashen第二语言习得理论的五个假设及相关思考

美国语言学家Krashen提出了关于第二语言习得的5个理论假设。这5个理论假设具有内在的逻辑层次,即以习得—学习假设为基础和前提,以输入假设为中心,以自然顺序假设为具体操作指导,以监控假设和情感过滤假设为辅助。它为对外汉语教学提供了可借鉴的理论基础和很多启发,如何更好地利用它为对外汉语教学服务,还需要对外汉语工作者在教学实践中进行摸索。

A Review of Research on Technology-Assisted Teaching and Learning of Chinese as a Second or Foreign Language from 2008 to 2018

More and more studies are examining the use of technology in the teaching of Mandarin Chinese as a second or foreign language(L2 Chinese).The current study involved a systematic review of the literature in the field published outside China from 2008 to 2018.A total of 33 studies met the inclusion criteria.The current review study aimed:(1)to examine the research topics and technologies used in the literature;(2)to identify the benefits of,and challenges involved in,the use of technologies in L2 Chinese teaching and learning;and(3)to suggest implications for practitioners and directions for further research.The review study provides educators and researchers with an overview of recent developments in this field,which could be helpful in informing teaching practice and further research.

The Teaching and Learning of Chinese as a Second or Foreign Language:The Current Situation and Future Directions

In this opening commentary,we highlight the development of the teaching and learning of Chinese as a second or foreign language(CSL/CFL),which has attracted much attention from researchers,language educators,and other stakeholders worldwide.To contribute to this ongoing examination and discussion,this special issue documents the collective efforts of scholars in different educational contexts to review six critical issues in teaching and learning CSL/CFL:learning and instruction of reading Chinese as an additional language,Chinese character teaching and learning,learner identity in CSL/CFL education,teaching and learning Chinese through immersion,technology assisted CSL/CFL teaching and learning,and mobile assisted learning CFL.We contend that all efforts to address these critical issues require constant examination to facilitate further development in CSL/CFL education around the world.

Introduction to Special Column “Chinese as a Second Language Learning and Teaching”

Chinese as a second language （CSL） policy makers and scholars began to introduce task-based language teaching （TBLT） to CSL teaching more than a decade ago. However, policy innovations or theoretical precepts are not necessarily the blueprints of teachers＇ classroom practice. It is assumed that teachers are more likely to accept or apply the new approach if the new philosophy is concordant with their existing beliefs. This study attempts to examine the prospect of TBLT application in CSL teaching by exploring the extent to which TBLT philosophy has found its way into CSL teachers＇ beliefs. The research also probes into teachers＇ practices to explore whether their beliefs in TBLT could be actualized. A questionnaire, classroom observations and interviews have been employed. The results indicate that the Chinese teachers have strong faith in the effectiveness of TBLT, but they doubt its feasibility. Their difficulties and confusion in realizing their beliefs in practice, in turn, lead to their faith in TBLT philosophy having a peripheral status in their belief system. This may imply the bi-directional causal relationships between teachers＇ beliefs and practices. The factors revealed make clear the responsibilities or measures to be taken at social-cultural, institutional and internal levels. The findings generate empirical insights into implementations of pedagogical innovations.

ChatGPT类生成式人工智能赋能汉语二语教学:机遇与挑战

ChatGPT作为全球炙手可热的生成式人工智能工具,与语言学、教育学等领域有着密切的关系。通过文献梳理与分析发现,在教育信息化、二语习得需求、日渐成熟的人工智能技术、NLP第四代范式、以“续论”为代表的国内语言习得观,以及CALL模式的实践基础等因素的驱使下,ChatGPT作为汉语二语教学中的一种辅助教学工具,有其应用的必要性与可行性。而GPT-4的图像输入、可操纵性等多模态、个性化交互功能,及其广泛的应用场景,使其具备了在汉语二语教学中独特的优势,但同时也面临知识内容可靠性不足、真实写作能力不足和其他一系列来自教育领域的风险与挑战。据此提出,教师应该根据学生实际情况和需求,合理运用ChatGPT辅助教学,平衡传统教学与人工智能教学,以更好地达到自己的教学目的。

基于SLA理论的少数民族汉语写作教学探讨

文章以Ellis和Gass的第二语言习得(SLA)研究的观点以及Krashen的语言输入假说、情感过滤假说为依据,尝试着突破原有汉语写作教学框架,结合个案教学实验,从语言输入角度提出背诵、阅读与写作三者相结合的训练方式,并认为这种方式是少数民族汉语写作教学行之有效的训练方式。同时指出在重视语言输入的重要性时,还应强调重视学习者的个体因素与认知水平,因为它将影响语言输入与输出的有效性。

学前儿童汉语二语习得中的模仿策略研究——以菲律宾Clayton幼儿园教学实践为例

关于模仿在儿童母语习得中的作用,许多学者已经做了深入研究。但是,模仿在学前儿童汉语二语习得中的具体作用似乎还没有得到详尽的论述。文章以两个年龄组的菲律宾儿童课堂汉语学习语料为基础,对学前儿童在汉语习得过程中采用初级模仿策略和高级模仿策略的具体情况进行分析。文章还阐释了汉语基础及年龄两个因素对儿童选择具体模仿策略的影响,并详尽分析了模仿在学前儿童汉语二语习得中的具体作用机制。

汉语国际教育慕课平台建设的现状及思考——以Coursera平台上的课程为例

慕课作为一种高效的交互学习模式被越来越多的学习者所选择,汉语二语教学也在尝试使用慕课这种方式来进行教学。但是,目前对汉语二语慕课的线上教学比较做得还较少,无法清楚地获知汉语线上教学环节设置方面的问题。本文便从课程内容、课程视频、课程讲义、课堂测试、课后作业和课程考试等方面,对在Coursera平台上线的汉语二语慕课作了比较分析。凭借这样的比较,以期得到对汉语二语慕课建设有益的启示。

A Systematic Review of the Research on Chinese Character Teaching and Learning

Using a thematic analysis methodology,this paper attempts a critical review of published articles on Chinese character teaching and learning in and outside China between 2005 and 2019,highlighting contributions scholars made to the current literature as well as identifying gaps in the research.The analysis reveals that there is a rather large gap in the use of research methodologies between the two sets of articles,with publications in China predominantly adopting non-empirical approaches while most articles published outside China are empirical.Besides,the use of computer-assisted language learning(CALL)in character teaching and learning seems to be a key research topic outside China,while exploring new pedagogical ideas and strategies attracts more interest among scholars in China.The paper concludes with suggestions for future research directions and a call for more diverse research paradigms and mixed-method perspectives.

国际中文教育教学模式的工程化设计

国际中文教育教学模式的实践创新与理论提升对于本领域的事业发展、学术积累一直起着积极的引导作用。本文从工程化视角出发,首先对国际中文教育教学模式层级性特点进行分析,然后解析、重构面向课程和面向课堂的两种教学模式,之后对其构件、组织模块进行集成性归纳,最后提取出教学模式中“规划”“实施”“保障”三个模块的逻辑关系、组织架构以及其中的空间结构、时间结构。本文的结论可为未来新的教学模式的设计与实施提供一定的参考。

互动语言学在汉语二语教学中的应用:理论基础与实践设计

二语教学是互动语言学极有发展前景的一个研究领域。本文简要阐述了将互动语言学应用于汉语二语教学的理论基础,并结合已有研究提出互动视角下汉语二语教学实践设计的基本思路。总体来看,互动语言学能应用于汉语二语教学有三个重要的理论基础:1)二语发展以言谈互动为原始环境;2)二语习得以互动能力为终极目标;3)二语能力以社会行为表达为核心要素。在此基础上,文章提出汉语二语教学实践四点基本思路:1)开发真实自然的汉语教材;2)创设面向交际的互动语境;3)运用基于互动的教学策略;4)开发多种模态的教学资源。

课程思政视域下高职语文教学实施策略探析

随着社会的不断发展和教育理念的更新,课程思政对高职语文教学提出了新的要求和挑战。高职语文教学只有通过不断改革与创新,与课程思政元素紧密结合,才能符合新时代高等教育的要求,才能更好发挥高职语文教学的重要作用。通过探讨课程思政视域下高职语文教学实施策略,旨在为学生提升综合素质和成长成才提供更好的培养途径。

The Discourse Authenticity Model(DAM)for Second Language Teaching Materials

本文提出针对第二语言教材的第一套全面评估口语和书面语语料真实性的话语真实性等级模型(DAM)。该模型所使用的八项理论评估标准来源于话语语言学和应用语言学研究:(1)参与塑造母语话语体系;(2)原非为了二语教学;(3)原非为了母语或二语教学;(4)自然对话;(5)无事先撰写脚本;(6)非虚构;(7)含真实交际意义;(8)含具体语境。据这些标准,DAM将用于二语教材的口语和书面语语料的真实性分为五个等级:(1)极低(0~0.5分);(2)低(1~2.5分);(3)中等(3~4.5分);(4)高(5~6.5分);(5)极高(7~8分)。该文所评估的样本材料包括:虚构的二语教材对话和课文(0分);用于二语教学的有脚本的情景表演、角色扮演、卡通、电子游戏以及虚构二语教材对话的演示视频(0~1分);针对二语学习者的虚拟现实(0~5分);二语分级读物(1~2分);针对二语学习者的母语者采访(2~6分);儿童分级读物(3分);电子游戏(3~4分);虚拟现实(3~8分);歌曲歌词(4分);广告(4~5分);儿童读物(不包括分级阅读或早期语言读物)(4~6分);机器人语言(4~7分);影视类等带脚本虚构语言(5分);综艺真人秀类等大体无脚本的媒体语言(5~8分);纪录片、交通公告和有脚本新闻类等有脚本的非虚构语言(6分);社交媒体或手机上的单条语音消息(6~7分);社交媒体发帖、留言、聊天记录和短信聊天记录(6~8分);直播脱口秀类等无脚本且非虚构的媒体语言(7~8分);面对面自然对话和手机通话类等录下来的无脚本的现实生活语言(8分)。DAM有望对教材的开发、选择、使用和评估有直接参考价值。

基于BOPPPS模型的第二外语课程思政教学评一体化评价体系建构

针对第二外语课程思政教学与评价均滞后于新时代外语人才培养需求的现实困境,该研究基于BOPPPS教学模型建立教学评一体化的课程思政成效评价体系,并以陕西某本科高校的第二外语课程教学为对象,进行评价实验。实验表明,基于BOPPPS的教学模式使得学生在语言知识习得、语言产出及思政表现方面都有显著提高,并且能进行全方位、全过程、系统性的促学评价,该体系为培养“懂中国,通世界,会应用”的外语人才提供另一条实践路径。